12 research outputs found
Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der Ubischk�rperentwicklung in der GattungOxalis
Time relationships of sporopollenin synthesis associated with tapetum and microspores in Lilium
Die Entwicklung des Pollens, der Samenanlage und des Embryosackes vonPereskia amapola var.argentina
222Rn concentrations in the atmospheric surface layer over continental Russia from observations in TROICA experiments
A histochemical and ultrastructural study of the ontogeny and differentiation of pollen inPodocarpus macrophyllus D. Don
Adenosine regulates thrombomodulin and endothelial protein C receptor expression in folliculostellate cells of the pituitary gland
Adenosine stimulates the release of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor from folliculostellate cells of the anterior pituitary gland indicating that such cells are also involved in the communication between the immune and endocrine systems during stress and inflammation. In order to understand the precise actions of adenosine on folliculostellate cells, DNA microarray analysis was used to determine global changes in gene expression. Hierarchical clusters revealed, of the genes that had altered expression, the majority were suppressed and many, such as B cell translocation gene 2 and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2b were related to cell cycle arrest or inhibition of proliferation. Several of the up-regulated genes were associated with cytokine signalling or membrane receptor activity. The most notable of these being IL-6, sulfiredoxin 1, endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) and thrombomodulin (THBD) which can all play a role in controlling inflammation. The EPCR and THBD pathway is well known in anti-coagulation but also has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Up-regulation of EPCR and THBD in folliculostellate cells was confirmed by qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis and their expression were also demonstrated in many of the hormone-secreting cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Our findings suggest that adenosine can stimulate expression of stress and inflammation related genes from folliculostellate cells of the anterior pituitary gland. These genes include EPCR and THBD, neither of which has been previously identified in the pituitary gland