ACTIVITY OF AMINOLEVULINATE SYNTHASE OF BONE MARROW AND LIVER OF NEWBORN AUGUST AND WISTAR RATS AFTER ACUTE POSTNATAL HYPOXIA

Newborn Wistar and August rats (20 rats in each experimental group) were exposed to acute postnatal hypoxic hypoxia (by the mixture of 95% nitrogen and 5% oxygen). Determination of activity of aminolevulinate synthase (ALA-synthase) in bone marrow and liver were in control group, and on the 1st and 3rd days of life (in liver - only on the 3rd day). Infant rats of various lines differed by the response of an organism to hypoxic exposure that confirms its genetic predetermination. Activities of ALA-synthase in bone marrow and liver were reciprocal both in normal development and after hypoxia.

Free Radical Oxidation and Sleep Disorders in Andro- and Menopause (Literature Review)

This review presents data on changes in the physiology of sleep during reproductive aging. It is noted that insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) are the main sleep disorders. The results of foreign and domestic studies in the field of free radical oxidation during sleep deprivation in animal models are presented, indicating the dependence of processes on the duration of sleep deprivation. The largest number of studies of free radical processes in a person with somnological pathology was carried out in the study of OSAS. Blood, urine, saliva, condensate of exhaled air can be biomaterial for determining the parameters of free radical oxidation. It was shown that the intensity of oxidative stress depends on the severity of OSAS, as evidenced by the positive correlation of the level of active products of thiobarbituric acid, the products of oxidation of proteins and carbonyl groups with the apnea/hypopnea index, determining the development of not only oxidative, but also carbonyl stress in patients with a severe degree OSAS. Biomarkers such as thioredoxin, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and reduced iron have shown a more stable relationship between increased oxidative stress and OSA. Despite the results obtained, the question of the association of oxidative stress and hypoxia in OSA remains debatable, which is associated with the opposite results of some studies. Insomnia, which occurs mainly in females, is accompanied by a high level of end products of lipid peroxidation with a decrease in the activity of antioxidants such as paraoxonase, an enzymatic component of the glutathione system. Along with this, menopausal women present low levels of uric acid, which correlates with high scores of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire. Recent studies have identified an association between the activity of the «lipoperoxidation – antioxidants» system and the Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in menopausal Caucasian women, indicating the protective role of the minor allele

INSOMNIA AND CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF MELATONIN IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN

The aim of the review is to analyze literature data about sleep homeostasis and the role of the one of circadian system key elements – melatonin – in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle in women in menopause. It was shown that the prevalence and structure of sleep disorders depends on the menopausal phase. It was revealed that the melatonin content in the body, determined in various biological media (blood, saliva, urine), depends on age, sex, race, and chronotype. It was shown that morning melatonin can be used as a biological marker for determining the chronotype. Most studies indicated a decrease in melatonin level with aging. Moreover, women have lower melatonin level than men. In case of insomnia, lower melatonin level was found, although the results of the studies are ambiguous. The shift in the peak of hormone secretion in the early morning hours was described in menopausal women. Also, the dependence of melatonin circadian rhythm on the menopausal phase was revealed, which determines different approaches to insomnia therapy. We revealed the association of melatonin secretion circadian rhythms with Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian patients with insomnia, which allows considering 3111T allele as risky in the formation of melatonin circadian rhythm disturbances in these patients

LIPID PEROXIDATION PARAMETERS IN BLOOD SERUM AND FOLLICILE LIQUID OF INFERTILE PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT IVF RESULTS

The article presents the results of investigation of lipid peroxidation parameters in blood serum and follicile liquid of 78 patients with different IVF results. The increase of lipid peroxidation, products is shown in women with unsuccessful IVF procedure

ETHNIC DIFFERENCE OF HEALTH DISORDERS IN INDIGENOUS ETHNIC GROUP OF BAIKAL REGION (LITERATURE REVIEW)

An analysis of the researches showed that the indigenous ethnic group of Baikal region has high level of adaptation to a place of residence in comparison with migrant. Rate and clinical manifestations of diseases in the Buryat ethnic group have significant differences from the Russian (moderate type 1 diabetes, severe reproductive disorders). Also, there are some differences of redox protection state in indigenous ethnic group of Baikal region that could be an additional biochemical marker of disease severity

MENOPAUSE AND SLEEP DISTURBANCES

The article contains the review of literature data of domestic and foreign researchers concerning the issues of climacteric period, in women

ETHNO-GENETIC MARKERS OF ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis a most of diseases. Important components of protecting cells from oxidative stress are antioxidant enzymes, whose activity is genetically determined, due to the presence in the structure of the alleles of genes. Antioxidant enzymes are characterized by population and individual differences in enzyme activity. The study of genetic variation in the population of the world and the history of the formation of its gene pool is one of the promising areas of modern population genetics. Genetic variability of antioxidant enzymes in the body has recently become the most attractive destination in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Due to the involvement of enzymes in the pathogenesis of antioxidant enzymes social diseases is an important implementation. Comprehensive study of the genetic polymorphisms of genes contributes to the formation of human disease susceptibility. The antioxidant system is of the person a system that blocks the formation of free radicals, highly active oxygen. Under normal physiological conditions, a small amount of oxygen is constantly converted to superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals. Excessive production of these radicals is a factor of injury; compensatory mechanism is the antioxidant system. The main component of this system is a network of antioxidant enzymes (AOP): superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and paraoxonase (PON). In this case, the activity of enzymes evolutionarily and genetically programmed to optimize the balance of oxidative processes and the activity of antioxidant defense systems. The purpose of the review is to summarize and discuss the current data on genetic polymorphisms of antioxidant enzymes in certain pathologies, the development of which plays the role of oxidative stress

FREQUENCY OF POLYMORPHISM OF ALA16VAL GENE SOD2 IN SAMPLES OF MONGOLOID AND CAUCASOID POPULATION, LIVING IN EASTERN SIBERIA

The article presents the study of superoxide dismutase 2 gene polymorphism that plays an important role in antioxidant protection of an organism. We performed genetic typing in representatives of two ethnic groups of Eastern Siberia - Buryats (Mongoloid) and Russians (Caucasoid). Alleles frequencies among Russians were Ala = 0,492; Val = 0,508; among Buryats Ala = 0,343; Val = 0,657. We compared these frequencies between the populations from Russia and from abroad (according to the results of other researches)

ETHNIC PATTERNS OF PREECLAMPSIA

Pre-eclampsia is one of the most dangerous complications of pregnancy and increases the risk of adverse outcomes for both mother and fetus. Objective: to study the course of pregnancy, circadian blood pressure profile, autonomic regulation of the heart and metabolic systems in pregnant Buryat women with pre-eclampsia. To achieve the objectives of the research we have studied pregnancy courses and birth outcomes in 581 women. For the analysis wereformed thefollowing groups; the Igroup 240 pregnant Buryat women with pre-eclampsia; II group 341 pregnant Russian women with pre-eclampsia. In all patients we evaluated hematological, biochemical and hemostatic data as soon as perform daily monitoring of blood pressure. Our studies have shown that Buryat women developed early severe pre-eclampsia early, demonstrated no response for treatment with requiring early surgical delivery. Hemostasis changes in preeclampsia in pregnant Buryat women indicate the prevalence of vascular-platelet disorders (F = 27,18). Their circadian blood pressure profile is characterized by a lack of pressure reduction at night, in a paradoxical increase of mean dynamic blood pressure at night (F = 27,18) as soon as Russian pregnant had higher rates of maximum systolic and diastolic blood pressure during the day (F=30,29). The autonomic regulation of the heart function in pregnant Buryat women with pre-eclampsia is characterized by imbalance in parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation with vagotonia domination as in the daytime and at night, which increasing with severity progression of the pre-eclampsia. High daytime level of VLF-in Buriat women with severe pre-eclampsia evidences of stress adaptation processes