IMMUNOGENETIC PECULIARITIES OF IL-1Β SYNTHESIS IN THE PATIENTS WITH PROTRACTED AND CHRONIC (RECURRENT) BACTERIAL INFLAMMATION OF UPPER RESPIRATORY WAYS (RHINOSINUSITIS)

We have studied distribution of IL-1β gene allelic variants (-511C>Т polymorphism in promoter region and IL-1β +3953C>Т polymorphism in exon 5) in sixty-two patients with recurrent and protracted rhinosinusitis, as well as their intercorrelations between allele frequencies, IL-1β levels and predisposal for reccurence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CR). DNA samples were genotyped using PCR-RFLP analysis. IL-1β production by PHA-stimulated lymphocytes were determined in the cell supernates by means of quantitative enzyme immunoassay. In majority of patients (> 70%) with CR, decreased production of IL-1β was found, irrespectively of disease recurrence. Frequency of a «low-producer» homozygous *С/*С genotype +3953C>Т of IL-1β gene was two-fold higher in the patients with CR than in healthy controls (OR=3.4). In patients with protracted, recurrence-free patients, this parameter showed only a tendency to increase. Decreased production of IL-1β was associated with homozygous *С/*С genotype +3953C>Т of IL-1β gene (OR = 3,4), whereas high levels correlated with heterozygous С/*T genotype (OR = 7,6).Thus, low IL-1β production in carriers of homozygous *С/*С of +3953 polymorphic locus of IL-1β gene represents a diagnostic marker reflecting a risk of recurrent disease. Hence, a pathogenesis-based therapy of purulent rhinosinusitis with protracted and recurrent clinical course is possible by means of recombinant IL-1β (e.g., Betaleukin, St.Petersburg Institute for Highly Pure Biological Preparations), being a highly effective approach which favors decreased recurrence of disorder