Human–computer interaction tools with gameful design for critical thinking the media ecosystem: a classification framework

In response to the ever-increasing spread of online disinformation and misinformation, several human–computer interaction tools to enhance data literacy have been developed. Among them, many employ elements of gamification to increase user engagement and reach out to a broader audience. However, there are no systematic criteria to analyze their relevance and impact for building fake news resilience, partly due to the lack of a common understanding of data literacy. In this paper we put forward an operationalizable definition of data literacy as a form of multidimensional critical thinking. We then survey 22 existing tools and classify them according to a framework of 10 criteria pointing to their gameful design and educational features. Through a comparative/contrastive analysis informed by a focus group, we provide a principled set of guidelines to develop more efficient human–computer interaction tools to teach how to critically think in the current media ecosystem

Procedimento para pequenos litígios nas relações de consumo - lei n° 18.507 seus aspectos processuais resultam em uma ferramenta benéfica para o consumidor?

In the present investigation, an analysis of Law No. 18,507 “Consumer defense”, considering the same together with Law No. 17,250 “Consumer relations law" and the General Process Code. In the course of this study, the various procedural aspects of said Law will be considered in particular, in order to reach a conclusion to answer the question that is the object of this work. The study of jurisprudence and the comparison of statistics of claims processed in administrative channels and procedures initiated in judicial channels under the protection of said regulations, complement the foundations on which I base myself to answer this question. Also, the work includes an analysis at the regional level, which allows us to observe the good position in which our country is located.En la presente investigación se efectúa un análisis de la Ley N°18.507 “Defensa al consumidor”, considerando la misma junto con la Ley N° 17.250 “Ley de relaciones de consumo” y el Código General del Proceso. En el decurso de ese estudio se considerarán especialmente los diversos aspectos procesales de dicha Ley, de forma de arribar como conclusión a responder la pregunta objeto del presente trabajo. El estudio de jurisprudencia y la comparación de estadísticas de reclamaciones tramitadas en vía administrativa y de procedimientos iniciados en vía judicial al amparo de dicha normativa, complementan los fundamentos en los que me asiento para responder tal interrogante. Asimismo, el trabajo incluye un análisis a nivel regional, lo que permite observar la buena posición en la que se encuentra nuestro país.Na presente investigação, analisa-se a Lei nº 18.507 “Defesa do consumidor”, considerando a mesma em conjunto com a Lei nº 17.250 “Direito das relações de consumo" e Código Geral de Processo. No decorrer deste estudo, serão considerados em particular os vários aspectos processuais da referida Lei, de forma a chegar a uma conclusão para responder à questão que é objecto deste trabalho. O estudo da jurisprudência e a comparação das estatísticas das reclamações tramitadas nas vias administrativas e dos processos instaurados nas vias judiciais ao amparo da referida normativa, complementam os fundamentos em que me baseio para responder a esta questão. Da mesma forma, o trabalho inclui uma análise em nível regional, o que nos permite observar a boa posição em que nosso país está localizado

Developing Misinformation Immunity in a Post-Truth World: Human Computer Interaction for Data Literacy

AbstractThe Networked Society has brought about opportunities, such as citizens’ journalism, as well as challenges, such as the proliferation of media distortions. To keep up which such a sheer amount of (mis)information, citizens need to develop critical media literacy. We believe that, even though not enough to guarantee a gatekeeping process, human-computer interaction can help users develop epistemic vigilance. To this sake, we present the Fake News Immunity chatbot, designed to teach users how to recognize misinformation leveraging Fallacy Theory. Fallacies, arguments which seem valid but are not, constitute privileged viewpoints for the identification of misinformation. We then evaluate the results of the chatbot as an educational tool through a gamification experience with two cohorts of students and discuss achieved learning outcomes as well as recommendations for future improvement.</jats:p

Detection of protein aggregation with a Bloch surface wave based sensor

We present the innovative application of a Bloch surface wave based sensor to the detection of protein aggregation. In Hen Egg White Lysozyme (HEWL) solutions, aggregates are discriminated from the monomeric forms in a label-free detection scheme

Hepatic insulin resistance and altered gluconeogenic pathway in premature baboons

Premature infants have altered glucose regulation early in life and increased risk for diabetes in adulthood. Although prematurity leads to an increased risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in adult life, the role of hepatic glucose regulation and adaptation to an early extrauterine environment in preterm infants remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate developmental differences in glucose metabolism, hepatic protein content, and gene expression of key insulin-signaling/gluconeogenic molecules. Fetal baboons were delivered at 67%, 75%, and term gestational age and euthanized at birth. Neonatal baboons were delivered prematurely (67% gestation), survived for two weeks, and compared with similar postnatal term animals and underwent serial hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies. Premature baboons had decreased endogenous glucose production (EGP) compared with term animals. Consistent with these results, the gluconeogenic molecule, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase messenger RNA, was decreased in preterm baboons compared with terms. Hepatic insulin signaling was altered by preterm birth as evidenced by decreased insulin receptor-b, p85 subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1, and Akt-1 under insulin-stimulated conditions. Furthermore, preterm baboons failed to have the normal increase in glycogen synthase kinase-a from fetal to postnatal life. The blunted responses in hepatic insulin signaling may contribute to the hyperglycemia of prematurity, while impaired EGP leads to hypoglycemia of prematurity

Clinical outcome of circulating tumor cells in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel: long-term prospective single-centre study

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Combined acute hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic clamp induced profibrotic and proinflammatory responses in the kidney

Increase in matrix protein content in the kidney is a cardinal feature of diabetic kidney disease. While renal matrix protein content is increased by chronic hyperglycemia, whether it is regulated by acute elevation of glucose and insulin has not been addressed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether short duration of combined hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, mimicking the metabolic environment of prediabetes and early type 2 diabetes, induces kidney injury. Normal rats were subjected to either saline infusion (control, n = 4) or 7 h of combined hyperglycemic- hyperinsulinemic clamp (HG+HI clamp; n = 6). During the clamp, plasma glucose and plasma insulin were maintained at about 350 mg/dl and 16 ng/ml, respectively. HG+HI clamp increased the expression of renal cortical transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and renal matrix proteins, laminin and fibronectin. This was associated with the activation of SMAD3, Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes, and ERK signaling pathways and their downstream target events in the initiation and elongation phases of mRNA translation, an important step in protein synthesis. Additionally, HG+HI clamp provoked renal inflammation as shown by the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and infiltration of CD68-positive monocytes. Urinary F2t isoprostane excretion, an index of renal oxidant stress, was increased in the HG+HI clamp rats. We conclude that even a short duration of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia contributes to activation of pathways that regulate matrix protein synthesis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in the kidney. This finding could have implications for the control of short-term rises in blood glucose in diabetic individuals at risk of developing kidney disease. © 2014 the American Physiological Society

Ablation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase α2 Activity Exacerbates Insulin Resistance Induced by High-Fat Feeding of Mice

OBJECTIVE—We determined whether muscle AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has a role in the development of insulin resistance