Smart City and Green Development

International audienceSmart city is a strategy that aims at employing technology to improve life quality in urban areas. Among its main objectives, the environment quality is the top one. The EU vision on smart cities is strongly focused on energy efficiency, on nearly-zero energy buildings, on the reduction of CO2 emissions and so on. Therefore, some aspects of the smart city overlap with the idea of green city. Green city is an older but always updated vision, that aims at creating cities with a lower environmental impact, able to reduce the consumption of natural resources and to improve the quality of air and water.This study is designed to understand if smart city and green city have similarities, to what extent they do overlap and how many synergies it is possible to create pursuing these two urban strategies at the same time. After a deep analysis of the international literature about these two subjects, we examined the portfolio of the initiatives that are usually employed, and we compared it with the international indicators related to the green city performances. We outlined overlapping areas and reached conclusions on the convergence of smart and green urban policies

Semantic Social Networks Analysis

International audienc

Semantic Social Networks Analysis

International audienc

Educational Theories and Learning Analytics: From Data to Knowledge: The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts

The study of learning is grounded in theories and research. Since learning is complex and not directly observable, it is often inferred by collecting and analysing data based on the things learners do or say. By virtue, theories are developed from the analyses of data collected. With the proliferation of technology, large amounts of data are generated when students learn online. Therefore, researchers not only have data on students’ learning performance, but they also have data on the actions students take to achieve the desired learning outcomes. These data could help researchers to understand how students learn and the conditions needed for successful learning. In turn, the information can be translated to instructional and learning design to support students. The aim of the chapter is to discuss how learning theories and learning analytics are important components of educational research. To achieve this aim, studies employing learning analytics are qualitatively reviewed to examine which theories have been used and how the theories have been investigated. The results of the review show that self-regulated learning, motivation, and social constructivism theories were used in studies employing learning analytics. However, the studies at present are mostly correlational. Therefore, experimental studies are needed to examine how theory-informed practices can be implemented so that students can be better supported in online learning environments. The chapter concludes by proposing an iterative loop for educational research employing learning analytics in which learning theories guide data collection and analyses. To convert data into knowledge, it is important to recognize what we already know and what we want to examine.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Web Information System