Analysis of air flow past and through the 2415-3S airfoil for an unmanned aerial vehicle with internal propulsion system

This paper deals with the prediction of velocity fields on the 2415-3S airfoil which will be used for an unmanned aerial vehicle with internal propulsion system and in this way analyze the air flow through an internal duct of the airfoil using computational fluid dynamics. The main objective is to evaluate the effect of the internal air flow past the airfoil and how this affects the aerodynamic performance by means of lift and drag forces. For this purpose, three different designs of the internal duct were studied; starting from the base 2415-3S airfoil developed in previous investigation, basing on the hypothesis of decreasing the flow separation produced when the propulsive airflow merges the external flow, and in this way obtaining the best configuration. For that purpose, an exhaustive study of the mesh sensitivity was performed. It was used a non-structured mesh since the computational domain is three-dimensional and complex. The selected mesh contains approximately 12.5 million elements. Both the computational domain and the numerical solution were made with commercial CAD and CFD software, respectively. Air, incompressible and steady was analyzed. The boundary conditions are in concordance with experimental setup in the AF 6109 wind tunnel. The k-e model is utilized to describe the turbulent flow process as followed in references. Results allowed obtaining velocity contours as well as lift and drag coefficients and also the location of separation and reattachment regions in some cases for zero degrees of angle of attack on the internal and external surfaces of the airfoil. Finally, the selection of the configuration with the best aerodynamic performance was made, selecting the option without curved baffles

Unsupervised learning as a complement to convolutional neural network classification in the analysis of saccadic eye movement in spino-cerebellar ataxia type 2

IWANN es un congreso internacional que se celebra bienalmente desde 1991. Su campo de estudio se centra en la fundamentación y aplicación de las distintas técnicas de Inteligencia Computacional : Redes Neuronales Artificiales, Algoritmos Genéticos, Lógica Borrosa, Aprendizaje Automático. En esta edición han participado 150 investigadores.This paper aims at assessing spino-cerebellar type 2 ataxiaby classifying electrooculography records into registers corresponding to healthy, presymptomatic and ill individuals. The primary used technique is the convolutional neural network applied to the time series of eye movements, called saccades. The problem is exceptionally hard, though, because the recorded saccadic movements for presymptomatic cases often do not substantially di er from those of healthy individuals. Precisely this distinction is of the utmost clinical importance, since early intervention on presymptomatic patients can ameliorate symptoms or at least slow their progression. Yet, each register contains a number of saccades that, although not consistent with the current label, have not been considered indicative of another class by the examining physicians. As a consequence, an unsupervised learning mechanism may be more suitable to handle this form of misclassi cation. Thus, our proposal introduces the k-means approach and the SOM method, as complementary techniques to analyse the time series. The three techniques operating in tandem lead to a well performing solution to this diagnosis problem.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Universidad de Granada, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Springe

Behaviour of the descendent of cuban creole pigs

The present work was proposed to study the behaviour of the Cuban’s pig descendent derived of 27 sow and 5 boar and yours descendent from 93 calving. The animals were exploration by intensive system with lower quality supplements and sweet by sugarcane. The reproductive method utilised was the assisted mount. The results from piglets was: 7.52 total piglet was born; 6.77 piglets was born live; 6.42 weaning piglets; 0.912 kg means of the weight piglets was born live and 6.42 means of piglets weaning. The means of the Cubans Pigs observed in this study was similar with others Cuban and Spanish authors that study this kind of animals. There are differences between the Cubans Pigs and Iberians Pigs, were the Iberians Pigs showed the best weight was born.En este trabajo se estudió el comportamiento de las descendencias de un rebaño de cerdos Criollos Cubanos en pureza, formado por 27 cerdas y 5 sementales y sus descendencias procedentes de 93 partos, explotados en un sistema de crianza estabulado y con un régimen de alimentación basándose en pienso B de baja calidad y suplementados con mieles de caña de azúcar. El método reproductivo empleado fue la monta dirigida. Los resultados del comportamiento de algunos indicadores de camada fueron los siguientes: total de crías nacidas, 7,52; crías nacidas vivas, 6,77; crías destetadas, 6,42; peso promedio de las crías al nacer 0,912 kg y peso promedio de las crías al destete, 6,03 kg. En cuanto al comportamiento medio de las crías nacidas vivas y destetadas se corresponde con reportes de otros autores cubanos que estudian el Cerdo Criollo Cubano y con autores españoles respecto a las variedades del Ibérico. Las diferencias con los animales de este tronco se aprecian al comparar los pesos al nacimiento y a los 30 días de edad, donde el Criollo Cubano se ve superado por las distintas variedades de animales que le dieron origen

Bayesian Knowledge Tracing for Navigation through Marzano’s Taxonomy

In this paper we propose a theoretical model of an ITS (Intelligent Tutoring Systems) capable of improving and updating computer-aided navigation based on Bloom’s taxonomy. For this we use the Bayesian Knowledge Tracing algorithm, performing an adaptive control of the navigation among different levels of cognition in online courses. These levels are defined by a taxonomy of educational objectives with a hierarchical order in terms of the control that some processes have over others, called Marzano’s Taxonomy, that takes into account the metacognitive system, responsible for the creation of goals as well as strategies to fulfill them. The main improvements of this proposal are: 1) An adaptive transition between individual assessment questions determined by levels of cognition. 2) A student model based on the initial response of a group of learners which is then adjusted to the ability of each learner. 3) The promotion of metacognitive skills such as goal setting and self-monitoring through the estimation of attempts required to pass the levels. One level of Marzano's taxonomy was left in the hands of the human teacher, clarifying that a differentiation must be made between the tasks in which an ITS can be an important aid and in which it would be more difficult

An oleuropein β-glucosidase from olive fruit is involved in determining the phenolic composition of virgin olive oil

Phenolic composition of virgin olive oil is determined by the enzymatic and/or chemical reactions that take place during olive fruit processing. Of these enzymes, β-glucosidase activity plays a relevant role in the transformation of the phenolic glycosides present in the olive fruit, generating different secoiridoid derivatives. The main goal of the present study was to characterize olive fruit β-glucosidase genes and enzymes responsible for the phenolic composition of virgin olive oil. To achieve that, we have isolated an olive β-glucosidase gene from cultivar Picual (OepGLU), expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves and purified its corresponding recombinant enzyme. Western blot analysis showed that recombinant OepGLU protein is detected by an antibody raised against the purified native olive mesocarp β-glucosidase enzyme, and exhibits a deduced molecular mass of 65.0 kDa. The recombinant OepGLU enzyme showed activity on the major olive phenolic glycosides, with the highest levels with respect to oleuropein, followed by ligstroside and demethyloleuropein. In addition, expression analysis showed that olive GLU transcript level in olive fruit is spatially and temporally regulated in a cultivar-dependent manner. Furthermore, temperature, light and water regime regulate olive GLU gene expression in olive fruit mesocarp. All these data are consistent with the involvement of OepGLU enzyme in the formation of the major phenolic compounds present in virgin olive oil

Comparison of melting frost layers after 2 frozen methods in pork cuts (longissimus dorsi)

AbstractThe frost formation and fusion of ice crystal on complex materials have a great importance, since they modify quality meat characteristics. Furthermore, changes take place in fiber morphology by formation of ice crystal during freezing. The aim of this work was to measure the frost formation and melting. Morphological frost difference was found, and the fusion times were different too. All the results can be useful to complement and understand the complex thermal processes with phase change at low temperatures. This study implicates thermal and mass concepts; they explain the frost formation and the melting process as an opposing phenomenon

Forensic age estimation: comparison and validation of the Iscan method in 3D reconstructions using a surface scanner in a Spanish population

When investigating a death, post-mortem identification provides with results of great legal and humanitarian significance. The effectiveness of the methods used to estimate age depends on the reference population, considering variables such as sex and ancestry. The aim of this study was to validate the Iscan method to estimate age in a Spanish forensic population, comparing the estimates obtained in dry bones and 3D reconstructions created with a surface scanner. We carried out a cross-sectional study on 109 autopsied corpses (67% male), scanning the sternal end of the right fourth rib in a 3D mesh, using an EinScan-Pro® surface scanner (precision: 0.05 mm). Two observers estimated the phases in dry bones and 3D images according to the Iscan method and to the sex of the subject. The mean age was 57.73 years (SD = 19.12 years;18–93 years). The intra-observer agreement was almost perfect in bones (κ = 0.877–0.960) and 3D images (κ = 0.954), while the inter-observer agreement was almost perfect in bones (κ = 0.813) and substantial in 3D images (κ = 0.727). The correlation with the Iscan phases was very strong in bones (Rho = 0.794–0.820; p < 0.001) and strong in 3D images (Rho = 0.690–0.691; p < 0.001). Both sex-adjusted linear regression models were significant (dry bones: R2 = 0.65; SEE =  ± 11.264 years; 3D images: R2 = 0.50; SEE =  ± 13.537 years) from phase 4 onwards. An overestimation of age was observed in the first phases, and an underestimation in the later ones. Virtual analysis using a surface scanner in the fourth rib is a valid means of estimating age. However, the error values and confidence intervals were considerable, so the joint use of different methods and anatomical sites is recommended

An active tectonic field for CO2 storage management: the Hontomín onshore case study (Spain)

One of the concerns of underground CO2 onshore storage is the triggering of induced seismicity and fault reactivation by the pore pressure increasing. Hence, a comprehensive analysis of the tectonic parameters involved in the storage rock formation is mandatory for safety management operations. Unquestionably, active faults and seal faults depicting the storage bulk are relevant parameters to be considered. However, there is a lack of analysis of the active tectonic strain field affecting these faults during the CO2 storage monitoring. The advantage of reconstructing the tectonic field is the possibility to determine the strain trajectories and describing the fault patterns affecting the reservoir rock. In this work, we adapt a methodology of systematic geostructural analysis to underground CO2 storage, based on the calculation of the strain field from kinematics indicators on the fault planes (ey and ex for the maximum and minimum horizontal shortening, respectively). This methodology is based on a statistical analysis of individual strain tensor solutions obtained from fresh outcrops from the Triassic to the Miocene. Consequently, we have collected 447 fault data in 32 field stations located within a 20 km radius. The understanding of the fault sets’ role for underground fluid circulation can also be established, helping further analysis of CO2 leakage and seepage. We have applied this methodology to Hontomín onshore CO2 storage facilities (central Spain). The geology of the area and the number of high-quality outcrops made this site a good candidate for studying the strain field from kinematics fault analysis. The results indicate a strike-slip tectonic regime with maximum horizontal shortening with a 160 and 50◦ E trend for the local regime, which activates NE–SW strike-slip faults. A regional extensional tectonic field was also recognized with a N–S trend, which activates N–S extensional faults, and NNE–SSW and NNW– SSE strike-slip faults, measured in the Cretaceous limestone on top of the Hontomín facilities. Monitoring these faults within the reservoir is suggested in addition to the possibility of obtaining a focal mechanism solutions for microearthquakes (M < 3)This work has been partially supported by the European Project ENOS: ENabling Onshore CO2 Storage in Europe, H2020 Project ID: 653718 and the Spanish project 3GEO, CGL2017-83931-C3-2-P, MICIU-FEDE

Analogies between geminivirus and oncovirus: Cell cycle regulation

Geminiviruses are a large family of plant viruses whose genome is composed of one or two circular and single strand of DNA. They replicate in the cell nucleus being Rep protein, the only viral protein necessary for their replication process. Geminiviruses as same as animal DNA oncoviruses, like SV40, adenovirus and papillomavirus, use the host replication machinery to replicate their DNA. Consequently, they alter host cell cycle regulation to create a suitable environment for their replication. One of the events involved in this alteration would be the inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) that negatively regulates the G1/S transition in cells. The discovery of one homologue of the pRb in plants and the finding that Rep protein of some geminiviruses interacts with human retinoblastoma protein, as well as animal virus oncoproteins, is very interesting. This finding laid the groundwork for subsequent detection of analogies between geminiviruses and animal DNA tumor viruses, especially in their interaction with pRb. Moreover, the finding allowed the determination of how this interaction affects the regulation of the cell cycle in plants and animals. Accumulated knowledge generates new interesting questions and possible implications, and so, in this document, we dare to watch in that direction.Key words: Geminivirus, oncovirus, retinoblastoma protein, cell cycle regulation, endoreduplication