An Investigation Into Isokinetic Normative Data of the Quadriceps and Hamstrings Muscles of Males and Females, Ages 36 Through 40

Isokinteic exercise is a valid, reliable, and objective method of evaluating and improving muscle fitness. It is utilized in rehabiltation, athletics, and research. A common isokinetic tool is the Cybex II Isokinetic System. To be of maximal value, an instrument requires normative data specific to the population it was designed to test and train. This study establishes (selected) normative data for the quadriceps and hamstrings muscles of males and females ages 36 through 40. Sixty adults, meeting specific age, medical, and activity requirements were tested on the Cybex II System. Reciprocal contractions of the quadriceps and hamstrings were performed at 60 degrees/s, 180 degrees/s, and 300 degrees/s angular velocites. Peak torque measurements were measured, recorded, and then analyzed according to acceptable statistical methods. The following results were obtained: Peak torque values for women were 49 to 58 percent of those for men. Mean peak torque values and T-scale scores were calculated for both sexes, both muscle groups, all velocities. No significant differences were found in torque values between kick dominant and nondominant lower extremities. Significant differences were found between torque dominant and nondominant muscle groups for both men and women; the difference was within 15 percent at 300 degrees/s, and within 10 percent at the remaining velocities. The hamstrings to quadriceps ratio was 0.62 at 60 degrees/s, 0.72 at 180 degrees/s and 0.84 at 300 degrees/s, and similar for males and females. Peak torque decreased with increasing velocity, but the percentage change varied between muscle groups and between sexes. The rate of tension development identified also varied between muscle groups and between males and females. Isokinetic normative data, and the interrelationships established, will be useful in rehabilitative medicine when a normal contralateral limb is not physically or functionally available for comparative measurement; data will assist in goal setting and charting of progress. It will also assist in providing an age continuum of normative data so that age related changes in these muscle fitness components may be quantified

Evaluation of the Effect of High Oil Corn Diets on Lamb Performance

The availability of corn varieties with higher oil content may offer an advantage as feed stuffs for various species and classes of livestock. Higher oil content increases the energy density in the feed stuff, potentially leading to improved performance and/or efficiency of gain. Additional benefits suggested are dust reduction, reduced energy for processing and improved palatability. Most research to date has been with swine and poultry diets. The object of these trials was to evaluate the effect of high oil corn com pared to normal corn in pre-weaning and post-weaning diets for lambs

A Comparison of Fall vs Spring Lambing Performance of Hampshire and Columbia Ewes (Progress Report)

Seasonality of lamb production continues to be a major hurdle for the sheep industry. The lack of a continuous supply of fresh lamb impacts both the processing and retail segments of the industry. The seasonal fluctuation in supply and quality results in sporadic buying patterns by consumers and ultimately less shelf space and therefore less product in the meat case. Often lamb cuts are not available in retail outlets or only on a seasonal basis making sustained consumption levels difficult. In many cases seasonal production also results in inefficient use of facilities, labor and management for the producer. This study was initiated to evaluate the effectiveness of selection for fall lambing in a population of purebred Hampshire and Columbia sheep

Fall Lambing Performance of Purebred Columbia and Hampshire Ewes

This study was initiated to evaluate the performance of purebred Columbia and Hampshire ewes selected for a September-October once a year lambing system in a effort to provide a more continuous supply of lambs to the market

Reproductive Performance of Crossbred Ewes Selected for Fall vs Spring Lambing Under Range or Farm Flock Management Systems (Progress Report)

This study was initiated to evaluate the results of selecting for fall lambing under two management systems, farm vs range

Quality indicators of fish from the water of the southern region of Ukraine

A study of the fish caught in the reservoirs of the Khadzhibey estuary (Odesa region) was conducted in order to determine its quality and safety according to microbiological indicators. No pathogenic or conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were found in all the fish samples studied – mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus). During the study of physico-chemical indicators of water quality and safety of the estuary, water samples were taken for the content of pesticides, insecticides and heavy metals. The content of cadmium, copper, lead and mercury does not exceed the permissible level for fish farms, zinc exceeds the maximum permissible concentration by 2.3 – 3.0 % (depending on the period of the year). The insecticide dichlorodiphenyltrichloromethylmethane was found in the water, the content of which exceeds the maximum allowable concentration for sea fishing ponds by 18 %, and the pesticide beta-hexochlorocyclohexane – by 5.2 %. It has been studied and established that the fish caught in the estuary, according to its microbiological and physicochemical indicators, is safe, does not pose a threat to the health of people and animals, and is suitable for further use and consumption

Influence of technology of synthesis on structure and properties of the sintered composit of system Ti-Fe-C

Досліджено фізико-механічні характеристики матеріалу отриманого методом пічного спікання та методом СВС. Порівняльний аналіз фізико-механічних властивостей матеріалу з однаковим хімічним складом отриманий методом пічного спікання та методом СВС-процесу свідчить, що пористість зразків не залежить від методу спікання. Показано, що на деформаційні характеристики та твердість матеріалу метод спікання не впливає. Встановлено, що для зразків з однаковим хімічним складом та пористістю механічні параметри при СВС спіканні зростають у 1,5 рази порівняно з пічним спіканням за рахунок зміцнення зв'язків між елементами системи. Для зразків отриманих методом СВС при дослідженні структури руйнування спостерігається крихке руйнування, при пічному методі внаслідок статичного стиснення у зразку з'являються глибокі тріщини, що приводять до його руйнування. Таким чином, доведено, що для отримання матеріалів конструкційного призначення доцільно використовувати відходи машинобудівного виробництва зменшивши енерговитрати за рахунок СВС-процесів.Purpose. Comparisons of the traditional stove method of sintered and SHS-process and their influence on physic-mechanical properties of composition material, got on the basis of charge from powders of titan, steel of BBS15 and carbon. Design/methodology/approach.. By authors properties of material were considered on the basis of Ti-Fe, that got the traditional stove method of sintered, which is an charges of energy. In this case we suggest to use a SHS-method which with less expenses and more simple equipment allows to get materials with the best physics-mechanical by properties. Findings. More strong descriptions of material got by the method of SHS in 1,5 times higher, than for standards got by the of stove method. Originality/value. It is expedient to use wastes of machine-building production due to SHS-process for the receipt of construction materials.Исследовано физико-механические характеристики материала полученного методом печного спекания и методом СВС. Сравнительный анализ физико-механических свойств материала с одинаковым химическим составом полученный методом печного спекания и методом СВС-процесса свидетельствует, что пористость образцов не зависит от метода спекания. Показано, что на деформационные характеристики и на твердость материала метод спекания не влияет. Установлено, что для образцов с одинаковым химическим составом и пористостью механические параметры при СВС спекании растут в 1,5 разы в сравнении с печным спеканием за счет укрепления контактов между элементами системы. Для образцов полученных методом СВС при исследовании структуры разрушения наблюдается хрупкое разрушение, при печном методе в результате статического сжатия в образце появляются глубокие трещины, которые приводят к его разрушению. Таким образом, доказано, что для получения материалов конструкционного назначения целесообразно использовать отходы машиностроительного производства, уменьшив энергозатраты за счет СВС-процессов

Comparison of Reproductive Performance of Crossbred Ewes Bred for Either Fall or Spring Lambing at Two Different Locations: Progress Report

The objective of the current study was to measure the performance of crossbred ewes lambing in the fall compared to similar ewes lambing in the spring at two different locations