52 research outputs found
Effect of Prednisolone and Rifampin on Isoniazid Metabolism in Slow and Rapid Inactivators of Isoniazid
The effect of prednisolone and rifampin, alone and in combination, on the
biodisposition of isoniazid in slow and rapid inactivators of isoniazid was investigated.
In one investigation, we made serial determinations of plasma isoniazid
concentrations up to 8 h and of isoniazid and acetylisoniazid in excreted urine up
to 8.5 h in patients receiving isoniazid alone on one occasion and isoniazid plus
prednisolone or isoniazid plus rifampin on another. Prednisolone caused a significant
decrease in the plasma isoniazid concentrations in both slow and rapid
inactivators. It also enhanced the renal clearance of isoniazid in both slow and
rapid inactivators and increased the rate of acetylation of isoniazid in slow
inactivators only. Rifampin had no effect on the biodisposition of isoniazid in
either slow or rapid inactivators. In a second investigation, one group of slow and
rapid inactivators received isoniazid and rifampin, and a different group received
prednisolone, in addition. Plasma isoniazid concentrations in slow inactivators
receiving prednisolone were significantly lower than in those who received isoniazid
and rifampin only. In rapid inactivators, plasma isoniazid concentrations
were similar in the two groups of patients, suggesting that concomitant administration
of rifampin had considerably modified the prednisolone effect on the
biodisposition of isoniazid in these patients
Classification of Subjects as Slow or Rapid Inactivators of Isoniazid Based on the Ratio of Acetylisoniazid to Isoniazid in Urine Determined by a Simple Colorimetric Method
A method for classifying subjects as slow or rapid inactivators of isoniazid based on the
ratio of acetylisoniazid to isoniazid in a 3-4 hour urine collection following an intramuscular
dose of isoniazid 3 mg./kg. body-weight has been described. Isoniazid and
acetylisoniazid have been estimated using methods requiring the use of only a photoelectric
colorimeter. Of the 279 patients investigated, 169 (61 per cent) were classified
as slow inactivators and 110 (39 per cent) as rapid inactivators. This classification
is an excellent agreement (97 per cent) with that based on a standard spectrophotometric
method
Active removal of waste dye pollutants using Ta[sub]3N[sub]5/W[sub]18O[sub]49 nanocomposite fibres
A scalable solvothermal technique is reported for the synthesis of a photocatalytic composite material consisting of orthorhombic Ta3N5 nanoparticles and WOx≤3 nanowires. Through X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the as-grown tungsten(VI) sub-oxide was identified as monoclinic W18O49. The composite material catalysed the degradation of Rhodamine B at over double the rate of the Ta3N5 nanoparticles alone under illumination by white light, and continued to exhibit superior catalytic properties following recycling of the catalysts. Moreover, strong molecular adsorption of the dye to the W18O49 component of the composite resulted in near-complete decolourisation of the solution prior to light exposure. The radical species involved within the photocatalytic mechanisms were also explored through use of scavenger reagents. Our research demonstrates the exciting potential of this novel photocatalyst for the degradation of organic contaminants, and to the authors’ knowledge the material has not been investigated previously. In addition, the simplicity of the synthesis process indicates that the material is a viable candidate for the scale-up and removal of dye pollutants on a wider scale
The use of morphological and histological features as nutritional condition indices of Pagrus pagrus larvae
Role of granitic intrusions in reducing the density of the crust, and other related problems as illustrated from a gravity study of the Cuddapah Basin, India
Assisted Conception and South Asian communities in the UK: pulic perceptions of the use of donor gametes in infertility treatment
This paper explores 'public' attitudes to the use of donated gametes in infertility treatment amongst members of British South Asian communities in the UK. The study included 14 single-sex focus groups with a total of 100 participants of Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi origins in three English cities and 20 individual semi-structured interviews with key informants. It explores five themes from the data: childlessness and stigma; using sperm and using eggs; cultural connections; choosing gametes; religion and the use of donated gametes; and disclosure and the management of information. The paper demonstrates that the socio-cultural context of fertility treatment is highly relevant and those delivering services and those consulting the public need to be aware of cultural and gender differences. Third party assisted conception represents a challenge to received ideas of identity and has implications for social reproduction and kinship which go well beyond immediate conjugal relationships.6 page(s
Crustal strain field in the Deccan trap region, western India, derived from GPS measurements
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