L'anguillulose à Strongyloïdes fulleborni O. von Linstow, du cynocéphale (Papiocynocephalus) au Sénégal. Son traitement par l'Ester diméthylique de l'acide (2-2-2-trichloro-1-hydroxyéthylphosphonique)

Un endoparasitisme à allure enzootique ayant sévi dans un élevage de cynocéphales Papio cynocephalus appartenant à l'O.R.A.N.A., Dakar, a permis de mettre en évidence la présence de Strongyloïdes fülleborni (anguillule du singe), Trichocephalus cynocephalus et Oesophagostomum bifurcum, les deux premières espèces étant signalées pour la première fois dans l'Ouest Africain. Si l'on admet actuellement que Strongyloïdes stercoralis (anguillule de l'homme) et Strongyloïdes fülleborni sont deux espèces distinctes, il est vraisemblable que l'une ou l'autre peut parasiter indifféremment l'homme ou le singe. Le cynocéphale serait alors un réservoir de parasites pour l'homme, comme il en est déjà un en ce qui concerne Oesophagostomum bifurcum. Des essais de traitement démontrent l'action anthelminthique du Neguvon (2-2-2-trichloro-1-hydroxyéthylphosphonique) contre ces trois helminthes à la dose de 50 mg/kg en solution à 10 p. 100 par voie orale. Aucun effet secondaire n'a été observé. Un seul traitement a pratiquement déparasité les animaux (17 dont 4 témoins) avec reprise de l'état général et suppression de la mortalit

Exploring the relationship between chronic undernutrition and asymptomatic malaria in Ghanaian children

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>A moderate association has been found between asymptomatic parasitaemia and undernutrition. However, additional investigation using the gold standard for asymptomatic parasitaemia confirmation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), is needed to validate this association. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples from children less than five years of age in a rural Ghanaian community were used to determine if an association exists between chronic undernutrition and PCR-confirmed cases of asymptomatic malaria.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 214 children less than five years of age from a community near Kumasi, Ghana. Blood samples and anthropometric measurements from these children were collected during physical examinations conducted in January 2007 by partners of the Barekuma Collaborative Community Development Programme.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Findings from the logistic model predicting the odds of asymptomatic malaria indicate that children who experienced mild, moderate or severe stunting were not more likely to have asymptomatic malaria than children who were not stunted. Children experiencing anaemia had an increased likelihood (OR = 4.15; 95% CI: 1.92, 8.98) of asymptomatic malaria. Similarly, increased spleen size, which was measured by ultrasound, was also associated with asymptomatic malaria (OR = 2.17; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.28). Fast breathing, sex of the child, and age of the child were not significantly associated with the asymptomatic malaria.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>No significant association between chronic undernutrition and presence of asymptomatic malaria was found. Children who experience anaemia and children who have splenomegaly are more likely to present asymptomatic malaria. Programmes aimed at addressing malaria should continue to include nutritional components, especially components that address anaemia.</p