Diplazium solanderi

Pteridophyte

Diplazium solanderi

Pteridophyte

Nut Growing in the Northeastern States

Volume: 12Start Page: 21End Page: 4

Further Pollination Studies with the McIntosh Apple in the Champlain Valley of New York

THIS is a progress report of studies started in 1929 (1). Tests of the value of different varieties as McIntosh pollenizers. and tests to determine whether a lack of cross-pollination was limiting the set, have been continued with essentially confirmatory results. The effects of the different treatments are judged in part by the 2-year yield of the same branch units. Other matters receiving attention arc the influence of the 1929 set on the 1930 bloom and set, the value of pollen bouquets and the pollination requirements of the variety Fameuse

Effectiveness, tolerability and practical application of the newer generation anti-obesity medications

Objective: Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of five newer anti-obesity medications to guide clinical decision making, examining bupropion–naltrexone combination, liraglutide, lorcaserin, orlistat, and phentermine–topiramate combination. Methods: A brief literature review and internet search for high-powered, randomized and placebo-controlled drug trials was conducted. Drug trial information was established for five currently approved anti-obesity medications. Secondarily, a statistical comparison of medications through Number Needed to Treat (NNT) and Number Needed to Harm (NNH) analyses were attempted as a way to provide a clinical analysis across these varied medications. Finally, a commentary about clinical application is issued for each agent accounting for typical side-effects, serious side-effects, mechanism of action and ease of use. Results: All five agents are currently approved oral medications to lower weight. The NNT range was 3–12, and NNH range was 4–17. The agent with the best NNT is phentermine–topiramate combination (NNT=3) and the agent with the best NNH is bupropion–naltrexone combination (NNH=17). Conclusion: When considering each patient’s clinical presentation, knowledge of each drug’s mechanism of action, side-effect profile, efficacy, and NNT and NNH values can help in selecting an anti-obesity medication to augment his or her weight loss efforts