72 research outputs found

    Different somatic alterations of the HRPT2 gene in a patient with recurrent sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism carrying an HRPT2 germline mutation

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    Early onset of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and multiglandular involvement suggest a familial form in which germline mutation of a PHPT-related gene(s) and a somatic event at the same locus can be often demonstrated. We investigated the involvement of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) and HRPT2 genes in a 39-year-old man with recurrent PHPT. PHPT was firstly diagnosed at the age of 21 and the patient had two recurrences separated by extended periods of normocalcemia. This unusual history prompted us to investigate other family members and study the MEN1 and HRPT2 genes. An HRPT2 germline missense mutation in exon 3 (R91P) was found in the index case, which was associated with different HRPT2 somatic alterations in each of the three examined parathyroid tumors. These findings are consistent with Knudson's 'two hit' concept of biallelic inactivation of classical tumor suppressor genes. Screening of 15 asymptomatic relatives was negative for the R91P germline mutation. All the three abnormal parathyroid specimens showed cystic features at histology and were negative for parafibromin immunostaining. In one specimen, diffuse parafibromin staining was evident in a rim of normal parathyroid tissue surrounding the adenomatous lesion. Our study shows that different somatic genetic events at the HRPT2 locus are responsible for the asynchronous occurrence of multiple adenomas in a patient carrying an HRPT2 germline mutation. The finding of diffuse parafibromin staining in a rim of normal parathyroid tissue, but not in the contiguous adenomatous lesion, reinforces the concept that loss of parafibromin expression is responsible for the development of parathyroid tumors in this setting

    Association of kidney disease measures with risk of renal function worsening in patients with type 1 diabetes

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    Background: Albuminuria has been classically considered a marker of kidney damage progression in diabetic patients and it is routinely assessed to monitor kidney function. However, the role of a mild GFR reduction on the development of stage 653 CKD has been less explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic role of kidney disease measures, namely albuminuria and reduced GFR, on the development of stage 653 CKD in a large cohort of patients affected by T1DM. Methods: A total of 4284 patients affected by T1DM followed-up at 76 diabetes centers participating to the Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists (Associazione Medici Diabetologi, AMD) initiative constitutes the study population. Urinary albumin excretion (ACR) and estimated GFR (eGFR) were retrieved and analyzed. The incidence of stage 653 CKD (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or eGFR reduction > 30% from baseline was evaluated. Results: The mean estimated GFR was 98 \ub1 17 mL/min/1.73m2 and the proportion of patients with albuminuria was 15.3% (n = 654) at baseline. About 8% (n = 337) of patients developed one of the two renal endpoints during the 4-year follow-up period. Age, albuminuria (micro or macro) and baseline eGFR < 90 ml/min/m2 were independent risk factors for stage 653 CKD and renal function worsening. When compared to patients with eGFR > 90 ml/min/1.73m2 and normoalbuminuria, those with albuminuria at baseline had a 1.69 greater risk of reaching stage 3 CKD, while patients with mild eGFR reduction (i.e. eGFR between 90 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) show a 3.81 greater risk that rose to 8.24 for those patients with albuminuria and mild eGFR reduction at baseline. Conclusions: Albuminuria and eGFR reduction represent independent risk factors for incident stage 653 CKD in T1DM patients. The simultaneous occurrence of reduced eGFR and albuminuria have a synergistic effect on renal function worsening

    Eliciting the Demand for Long Term Care Coverage: A Discrete Choice Modelling Analysis

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    Per una nuova didattica della Geografia dell'acqua. Gestione delle risorse idriche e tutela ambientale nella Valle del Serchio

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    Lo studio delle risorse idriche deve necessariamente fondarsi su una didattica incentrata sulla questione ambientale orientata verso un' "educazione sostenibile", seguendo i concetti introdotti dalla nuova impostazione che unisce i sistemi didattici tradizionali ai metodi più recenti della tecnologia dell'informazione. Uno studio modulare degli aspetti storici, culturali, sociali ed economici legati alla presenza/assenza dell'acqua in un territorio permette di stimolare la percezione del proprio spazio vissuto, sollecitando ad un tempo una visione d'insieme ed una ricostruzione critica del complesso rapporto uomo-ambiente. Auspicabile, quindi, un'impostazione problematica della didattica che faciliti il percorso formativo "dal vicino al lontano", partendo dalla contestualizzazione di interdipendenze e reciprocità territoriali già familiari all'alunn

    Il ruolo dell'acqua nella valorizzazione di un territorio. Il caso del Bacino del Serchio

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    Il volume raccoglie i contributi emersi nell'anno scolastico 2003-2004 in una serie di iniziative promosse dall'Istituto I.S.I. "S. Simoni" di Castelnuovo di Garfagnana (Lu), nel corso della realizzazione di un progetto finanziato dall'Amministrazione Provinciale di Lucca. Considerato che la Garfagnana -individuata dal Bacino del fiume Serchio- rappresenta una delle aree geografiche più ricche di acqua di falda su tutto il territorio nazionale, il progetto è stato incentrato sulla "Conoscenza delle risorse idriche, loro utilizzo ed implicazioni con il territorio", coinvolgendo sia gli studenti che gli insegnant

    Disuguaglianze territoriali nella distribuzione dei redditi familiari di mercato e disponibili

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    Introduzione 1. La disuguaglianza dei redditi familiari disponibili tra e nelle regioni italiane 1.1 I dati utilizzati e le configurazioni di reddito scelte 1.2 La misura della disuguaglianza tra le regioni secondo il reddito familiare equivalente disponibile 1.3 La misura della disuguaglianza interna delle regioni secondo il reddito familiare equivalente disponibile 1.4 Disuguaglianze nei redditi familiari disponibili: contano di più quelle tra regioni o quelle interne alle regioni? 2. L’impatto redistributivo di imposte e trasferimenti pubblici sulle distribuzioni regionali dei redditi 3. Influenza delle differenze regionali nel costo della vita sulla misura della disuguaglianza tra le regioni in base al reddito familiare disponibile Conclusion
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