Txt2vz: a new tool for generating graph clouds

We present txt2vz (txt2vz.appspot.com), a new tool for automatically generating a visual summary of unstructured text data found in documents or web sites. The main purpose of the tool is to give the user information about the text so that they can quickly get a good idea about the topics covered. Txt2vz is able to identify important concepts from unstructured text data and to reveal relationships between those concepts. We discuss other approaches to generating diagrams from text and highlight the differences between tag clouds, word clouds, tree clouds and graph clouds

R134a flow patterns in small diameter tubes

R134a vapour-liquid two-phase flow patterns were studied in vertical small diameter tubes. The observed flow patterns include bubbly, dispersed bubble, slug, churn, annular and mist flow. Six integrated flow pattern maps, derived for two internal diameters (2.01 and 4.26 mm) and three different pressures (6.0, 10.0, 14.0 bar), are presented. Some transition boundaries, such as slug-churn and churn-annular, were found to be very sensitive to diameter and pressure. On the contrary, the boundaries of dispersed bubble-churn and bubbly-slug are less affected. The transition boundaries are compared with the existing models for normal size tubes showing significant differences

The effect of tube diameter on vertical two-phase flow regimes in small tubes

Flow boiling flow patterns in four circular tubes with internal diameters of 1.10, 2.01, 2.88 and 4.26 mm were investigated in the present project. The experiments were conducted in vertical upward two-phase flow using R134a as the working fluid. The observed flow patterns include dispersed bubble, bubbly, confined bubble, slug, churn, annular and mist flow. The flow characteristics in the 2.88 and 4.26 mm tubes are similar to those typically described in normal size tubes. The smaller diameter tubes, 1.10 and 2.01 mm, exhibit strong "small tube characteristics" as described in earlier studies. The sketched flow maps show that the transition boundaries of slug-churn and churn-annular depend strongly on diameter. On the contrary, the dispersed bubble to churn and bubbly to slug boundaries are less affected. The transition boundaries are compared with existing models for normal size tubes showing poor agreement

Vertical upward flow patterns in small diameter tubes

Two-phase flow patterns were studied in vertical small diameter tubes using R134a as the working fluid. The observed flow patterns include bubbly, dispersed bubble, confined bubble, slug, churn, annular and mist flow. Twelve flow pattern maps, derived from four internal diameters (1.10, 2.01, 2.88 and 4.26 mm) and three different pressures (6, 10, 14 bar), are presented. The flow patterns exhibit strong “small tube characteristics” described in earlier studies when the tube diameter is 2 mm or less. Slug-churn and churn-annular boundaries depend on diameter and pressure. Dispersed bubble-churn and bubbly-slug are less affected. The transition boundaries are compared with existing models for normal size tubes showing poor agreement. Various coordinate systems were considered for the flow maps. The results show that the Lockhard-Martinelli Parameter and mass flow flux can account for the effect of fluid pressure on flow patterns

A new model for the double well potential

A new model for the double well potential is presented in the paper. In the new potential, the exchanging rate could be easily calculated by the perturbation method in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. It gives good results whether the barrier is high or sallow. The new model have many merits and may be used in the double well problem.Comment: 3pages, 3figure

Pulsars identified from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey

We identified 97 strong pulsars from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) at 1.4 GHz north of Dec(J2000) >-40\degr. The total flux density, linear polarization intensity and polarization angle (PA) of all pulsars are extracted from the NVSS catalog. The well-calibrated PA measurement of 5 pulsars can be used for absolute PA calibrations in other observations. Comparing the source positions with those in the pulsar catalog, we got the first measurement of the proper motion upper limit of PSR B0031-07, which is $\mu_{\alpha}\cos\delta = -102 \pm 74 mas/yr$ and $\mu_{\delta} = -105 \pm 78 mas/yr$.Comment: 7 pages; 3 figures; one big table; To appear in A&A Supplement

Universal Quantum Degeneracy Point for Superconducting Qubits

The quantum degeneracy point approach [D. Vion et al., Science 296, 886 (2002)] effectively protects superconducting qubits from low-frequency noise that couples with the qubits as transverse noise. However, low-frequency noise in superconducting qubits can originate from various mechanisms and can couple with the qubits either as transverse or as longitudinal noise. Here, we present a quantum circuit containing a universal quantum degeneracy point that protects an encoded qubit from arbitrary low-frequency noise. We further show that universal quantum logic gates can be performed on the encoded qubit with high gate fidelity. The proposed scheme is robust against small parameter spreads due to fabrication errors in the superconducting qubits.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Schroedinger Cat States of a Nanomechanical Resonator

We present a scheme of generating large-amplitude Schr\"{o}dinger cat states and entanglement in a coupled system of nanomechanical resonator and single Cooper pair box (SCPB), without being limited by the magnitude of the coupling. It is shown that the entanglement between the resonator and the SCPB can be detected by a spectroscopic method.Comment: 1 figur