Ten golden rules for optimal antibiotic use in hospital settings: the WARNING call to action

Antibiotics are recognized widely for their benefits when used appropriately. However, they are often used inappropriately despite the importance of responsible use within good clinical practice. Effective antibiotic treatment is an essential component of universal healthcare, and it is a global responsibility to ensure appropriate use. Currently, pharmaceutical companies have little incentive to develop new antibiotics due to scientific, regulatory, and financial barriers, further emphasizing the importance of appropriate antibiotic use. To address this issue, the Global Alliance for Infections in Surgery established an international multidisciplinary task force of 295 experts from 115 countries with different backgrounds. The task force developed a position statement called WARNING (Worldwide Antimicrobial Resistance National/International Network Group) aimed at raising awareness of antimicrobial resistance and improving antibiotic prescribing practices worldwide. The statement outlined is 10 axioms, or “golden rules,” for the appropriate use of antibiotics that all healthcare workers should consistently adhere in clinical practice

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Nigella Sativa Oil on Testicular Tissue and Sperm Parameters in Adult NMRI Mice Treated with Para-nonylphenol

Introduction: Para-nonylphenol (p-NP) is an important environmental pollutant that can affect the male reproductive system through endocrine disruption and inducing of oxidative stressence. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on testicular tissue and sperm parameters (count, motility, viability and morphology), sperm DNA and chromatin abnormalities against toxicity induced by p-NP in adult NMRI mice. Methods: Twenty-four adult male NMRI mice (32±3g) were divided into 4 groups (n=6): control, NSO (5ml/kg/day), p-NP (250mg/kg/day) and p-NP+NSO. After 34 days of oral treatment, the left testis was removed and used for histopathological observations. Left caudal epididymis was cut in the Ham’s F10 and released spermatozoa were utilized in order to analyze sperm motility, viability, number and morphology. Sperm chromatin quality was assessed by nuclear staining using acridine orange and aniline blue. The blood serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured. The study data were analyzed utilizing one Way ANOVA and Tukey’s test, and P<0.05 was considered as the significant level. Results: A significant decrease was observed in the p-NP group in regard with the motility, viability, number, normal sperm morphology, diameter of seminiferous tubules and germinal epithelium thickness, whereas a significant increase was reported in regard with the diameter of the seminiferous tubules lumen and MDA levels compared to the control group. Above parameters were significantly compensated by Nigella sativa oil in p-NP+NSO group compared to Para-nonylphenol group. The application of Nigella sativa oil alone significantly increased the number, motility, normal morphology of the sperm and significantly decreased the MDA levels compared to the control group. Conclusion: The study results indicated that the Nigella sativa oil, as a potent antioxidant, could compensate for the toxicity induced by p-N

Cyclohexylammonium acetate&amp;#8211;N,N&amp;#8242;,N&amp;#8242;&amp;#8242;-tricyclohexylphosphoric triamide (1/1)

In the phosphoric triamide molecule of the title compound, C6H14N+&amp;#183;C2H3O2&amp;#8722;&amp;#183;C18H36N3OP, the P atom displays a distorted tetrahedral geometry and the cyclohexyl rings adopt chair conformations with the NH groups in equatorial positions. In the crystal, the cations, anions and phosphoric triamide molecules are linked via N&amp;#8212;H...O hydrogen bonds into a two-dimensional array parallel to the bc plane. The O atom of the P(O) group acts as a double-hydrogen-bond acceptor

A price-based adaptive task allocation for wireless sensor network

10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.53370392009 IEEE 6th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, MASS '09888-89

Dual-stage nanopositioning scheme for 10 Tbit/in2 hard disk drives with a shear-mode piezoelectric single-crystal microactuator

10.1109/TMAG.2014.2359417IEEE Transactions on Magnetics51

Convex partial transversals of planar regions

We consider the problem of testing, for a given set of planar regions R and an integer k, whether there exists a convex shape whose boundary intersects at least k regions of R. We provide polynomial-time algorithms for the case where the regions are disjoint axis-aligned rectangles or disjoint line segments with a constant number of orientations. On the other hand, we show that the problem is NP-hard when the regions are intersecting axis-aligned rectangles or 3-oriented line segments. For several natural intermediate classes of shapes (arbitrary disjoint segments, intersecting 2-oriented segments) the problem remains open