Diagnóstico, planejamento ecológico e análise da adubação verde nos agroecossistemas de São Carlos, SP.

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Quantum Cosmology in Scalar-Tensor Theories With Non Minimal Coupling

Quantization in the minisuperspace of non minimal scalar-tensor theories leads to a partial differential equation which is non separable. Through a conformal transformation we can recast the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in an integrable form, which corresponds to the minimal coupling case, whose general solution is known. Performing the inverse conformal transformation in the solution so found, we can construct the corresponding one in the original frame. This procedure can also be employed with the bohmian trajectories. In this way, we can study the classical limit of some solutions of this quantum model. While the classical limit of these solutions occurs for small scale factors in the Einstein's frame, it happens for small values of the scalar field non minimally coupled to gravity in the Jordan's frame, which includes large scale factors.Comment: latex, 18 page

Seasonal Patterns of Growth and Senescence in \u3ci\u3eCynodon\u3c/i\u3e spp. cv Tifton 85 Grazed Swards

Growth and senescence are very important determinants of grassland productivity and correspond to key features to be considered for grazing management purposes. The present study was carried out at ESALQ, Piracicaba, S.P., Brazil and evaluated growth and senescence as a function of sward surface height. Mathematical models generated revealed that a similar pattern of response occurred as described in the literature for temperate grass species. However, a seasonal variation in response curves for growth and senescence was also observed and could be related to climatic events. Highest herbage accumulation rates were observed within the range of 15 to 20 cm of sward surface height

Study of Recurrent Miscarriage. Is Hysterosalpingography Necessary?

Overview and Aims: The investigation of recurrent miscarriage includes the study of uterine morphology. 3D ultrasound allows the evaluation of the morphology (cavity and outer contour), reducing the need for invasive tests such as hystero - salpingography (HSG), hysteroscopy and laparoscopy. We evaluated the diagnostic agreement between HSG and 3D ultrasound in the study of the uterine cavity morphology. Study Design: Prospective study. Population: A total of 34 women referred to our institution with a history of recurrent miscarriage. Methods: To compare the results of 3D ultrasound and HSG, all women underwent both exams. 3D scans were performed by the same operator and HSG were evaluated by the same clinician. The concordance study was performed using the Kappa coefficient. Results: With 3D ultrasound and HSG, uterine anomalies were diagnosed in 52.9% (18/34) and 47% (16/34) of the cases and congenital malformations were the most frequent findings. The agreement between the two techniques was excellent(K = 0.825). The three cases of diagnostic disagreement were analyzed. Conclusion: A high level of diagnostic agreement was observed between HSG and 3D ultrasound. The 3D ultrasound, a low cost and well tolerated technique, when performed by an experienced operator, is the first line exam to study the uterine morphology in women with recurrent miscarriage

Kinetics of Formation of Butyric and Pyroglutamic Acid during the Shelf Life of Probiotic, Prebiotic and Synbiotic Yoghurt

Butyric acid (C4) and pyroglutamic acid (pGlu) exert significant beneficial effects on human health. In this study, the influence of probiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacteria) and/or prebiotics (1 and 3% inulin and fructo-oligosaccharides) on the content of C4 and pGlu in yoghurt during the shelf-life period was evaluated. The contents of C4 and pGlu were determined in probiotic, prebiotic and synbiotic yoghurts during 30 days of storage at 4 ◦C by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and HPLC analysis. Traditional yoghurt and uninoculated milk were used as control. Prebiotic yoghurt contained more C4 (2.2–2.4 mg/kg) than the uninoculated milk, and no increase was detected with respect to traditional yoghurt. However, probiotic yoghurt showed 10% more C4 than traditional yoghurt. Adding fibre to probiotics (synbiotic yoghurt) the C4 content increased by 30%. Regarding pGlu, probiotic yoghurt presented the highest content of approximately 130 mg/100 g. Fibre did not affect pGlu content. Finally, C4 and pGlu contents generally increased up to 20 days of storage and then decreased up to 30 days of storage. The results might be useful for the preparation of other functional foods rich in C4 and pGlu using lactic acid bacteria

A three-phase four-wire unified power quality conditioner without series transformers

This work presents a topology for a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC), without series transformers, connected to a three-phase four-wire electrical grid. Based on the proposed power topology, the UPQC is able to compensate unbalanced-and harmonic-components, power factor and short-duration voltage variations (voltage sag/swell). In other words this UPQC consists in a universal solution capable to mitigate most power quality problems in an electrical installation. The applied control algorithms are based on instantaneous power definitions (active and non-active currents), together with a robust synchronizing circuit (PLL), to detect the phase angle of the fundamental positive-sequence component of the system voltage. A trustworthy model of the proposed UPQC was investigated in order to verify its performance under power quality problems observed at the load currents and system voltages

Use of selected lactic acid bacteria for the fermentation of legume-based water extracts

In this study, the effect of selected Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, Limosilactobacillus fermentum DSM 20052, and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei DSM 20312 strains on the sensory characteristics, and protein and amino acid content of fermented water extracts derived from lupin, pea, and bean grains is reported. Even though all strains were able to grow over 7 log cfu mL(-1) and to decrease pH in the range of -0.52 to -1.25 within 24 h, the release of an unpleasant ferric-sulfurous off-odor from the fermented bean water extract prohibited further characterization. Lupin and pea grain-based beverages underwent an in-depth sensory evaluation using a simplified check-all-that-apply (CATA) method, finding new and appreciable sensory notes such as cooked ham, almonds, and sandalwood. Fermented lupin water extract showed higher total protein content (on average, 0.93 mg mL(-1)) in comparison to that of pea grains (on average, 0.08 mg mL(-1)), and a free amino acid content (on average, 3.9 mg mL(-1)) close to that of cow milk. The concentrations of these nutrients decreased during refrigerated storage, when the lactic acid bacteria load was always higher than 7 log cfu mL(-1). The results of this study indicated that lactic fermentation improves the sensory characteristics of these innovative legume-based beverages, which sustained high loads of viable lactobacilli up to the end of cold storage

Efeito das mudanças climáticas para cana-de-açúcar com base no modelo APSIM-Sugarcane.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi simular os efeitos das alterações climáticas no crescimento e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar. O modelo APSIM-Sugarcane foi utilizado para a simulação, e para tanto, foi necessária a calibração para cultivar SP 80-1842, utilizando dados experimentais. A sensibilidade do modelo foi testada para os elementos climáticos [CO2], precipitação e temperatura do ar, com dados climáticos de Piracicaba-SP. Quatro cenários climáticos futuros foram simulados, além do atual. Com o aumento da concentração de CO 2 e precipitação, a produção de colmos aumentou em relação ao cenário atual. No entanto, mudanças de temperatura e diminuição da precipitação não beneficiaram a cultura. Apenas os cenários de mudanças climáticas CSIRO A2 e B2 mostraram um aumento na produtividade, enquanto PRECIS A2 e B2 indicaram uma diminuição em relação ao atual.CIIC 2012. No 12614