Emerging agents to combat complicated and resistant infections: focus on ceftobiprole

Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern. Over the past few years, considerable efforts and resources have been expended to detect, monitor, and understand at the basic level the many different facets of emerging and increasing resistance. Development of new antimicrobial agents has been matched by the development of new mechanisms of resistance by bacteria. Current antibiotics act at a variety of sites within the target bacteria, including the cross-linking enzymes in the cell wall, various ribosomal enzymes, nucleic acid polymerases, and folate synthesis. Ceftobiprole is a novel parenteral cephalosporin with high affinity for most penicillin-binding proteins, including the mecA product penicillin-binding protein 2a, rendering it active against methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Its in vitro activity against staphylococci and multiresistant pneumococci, combined with its Gram-negative spectrum comparable to that of other extended-spectrum cephalosporins, its stability against a wide range of beta-lactamases, and its pharmacokinetic and safety profiles make ceftobiprole an attractive and well tolerated new antimicrobial agent. The US Food and Drug Administration granted ceftobiprole medocaril fast-track status in 2003 for the treatment of complicated skin infections and skin structure infections due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and subsequently extended this to treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia, including ventilator-associated pneumonia due to suspected or proven methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

The REMSDB Macroeconomic Database of The Spanish Economy

This paper presents a new macroeconomic database for the Spanish economy, REMSDB. The construction of this database has been oriented to conducting medium-term simulations for policy evaluation with the REMS model, a large Rational Expectations macroeconomic Model for Spain. The paper provides a detailed description of the data and documents its main statistical properties. The database is thought to be of major interest to related applications,whether strictly associated with the REMS model or, rather, with empirical macroeconomic studies.Spanish Data, Growth Data, Business Cycle Data, REMS

Hysteresis and effective reciprocity breaking due to current-induced forces

Directed transport is a key concept for many ongoing applications including nanoscale heat management, current rectification, source protection, and energy harvesting. Within the context of quantum transport, we here explore the use of nonlinear effects introduced by current-induced forces (CIFs) as a practical way to effectively break charge and heat transport reciprocities. In particular, we consider a simple model consisting of a mobile quantum dot (QD) coupled to two leads, where the charge (or heat) current develops an asymmetric behavior under inversion of voltage (or temperature) bias, thereby turning the system into a quantum diode (or quantum thermal diode). Furthermore, we find multiple stable positions for the QD and we show how the extraction of useful work is possible by modulating the nonequilibrium sources along well-established hysteresis loops. Finally, we explore a particular case where the nonlinearity of the CIFs can be exploited to pump heat or charge, even for systems that preserve inversion symmetry. This counterintuitive result is attributed to a spontaneous breaking of the inversion symmetry due to the intrinsic system's dynamics.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure

Geology and micromammals of the Serra-1 site (Tabernas Basin, Betic Cordillera)

A chronology is given for the alluvial fan deposits in the Tabernas Basin (Internal Zone, Betic Cordillera). Palaeontological and sedimentological data are used to establish a palaeoclimatic model for the Quaternary in southeastern Spain.La Cuenca de Tabernas está situada en la zona interna de la Cordillera Bética, se da una cronología para los depósitos formados por abanicos aluviales y se plantea a través de datos paleontológicos y sedimentológicos un modelo paleochmátlco para el Cuaternano en el sureste de España

Role of coherence in quantum-dot-based nanomachines within the Coulomb blockade regime

During the last decades, quantum dots within the Coulomb blockade regime of transport have been proposed as essential building blocks for a wide variety of nanomachines. This includes thermoelectric devices, quantum shuttles, quantum pumps, and even quantum motors. However, in this regime, the role of quantum mechanics is commonly limited to provide energy quantization while the working principle of the devices is ultimately the same as their classic counterparts. Here, we study quantum-dot-based nanomachines in the Coulomb blockade regime, but in a configuration that resembles the quantum mechanics' paradigmatic experiment: the double-slit. We show that the coherent superposition of states appearing in this configuration can be used as the basis for different forms of "true" quantum machines. We analyze the efficiency of these machines against different non-equilibrium sources (bias voltage, temperature gradient, and external driving) and the factors that limit it, including decoherence and the role of the different orders appearing in the adiabatic expansion of the charge/heat currents.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figure

Video Suppression Head Impulses and Head Impulses Paradigms in Patients with Vestibular Neuritis: A Comparative Study

Background: This study aims to explore the clinical relevance of the Suppression Head Impulse Paradigm (SHIMP) to better understand if it represents an additional clinical value compared to the Head Impulse Paradigm (HIMP) in patients with vestibular neuritis (VN) in different stages of the disease. Methods: From January 2020 to June 2022, patients with unilateral VN were found in a database of an ENT vestibular clinic. Clinical presentation, vestibular test outcomes, therapy, and recovery were examined in medical records. Results: A total of 42 patients (16 Females, mean age 51.06 ± 12.96; 26 Male, mean age 62.50 ± 9.82) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The means of the VOR gain for both paradigms were respectively 0.38 ± 0.12 (SHIMP) and 0.46 ± 0.13 (HIMP) at T0 and 0.55 ± 0.20 (SHIMP) and 0.64 ± 0.19 (HIMP) at T1 for the lesional side. For the HIMP, the gain value <0.76 identified the affected side of VN with 100% sensitivity (92–100) and 100% specificity (91–100). For the SHIMP, the gain value <0.66 identified the affected side of VN with 100% sensitivity (92–100) and 100% specificity (91–100) and an AUC of 1.0 (0.96–1.0, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The SHIMP paradigm has a diagnostic accuracy equal to the classic HIMP paradigm in patients with VN. The assessment of VOR slow phase velocity and vestibulo-saccadic interaction in patients with VN could be easier with the use of the SHIMPs paradigm. SHIMPs paradigm provides helpful information about the evaluation of VOR slow phase velocity and vestibulo-saccadic interaction as new recovery strategies in patients with VN

Association between agility and speed with changes of direction in young players

Identificar factores asociados al máximo rendimiento en el fútbol posibilitará mejorar el proceso de planificación deportiva en etapas tempranas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la asociación entre la agilidad y la velocidad con cambios de dirección (VCD) en jóvenes futbolistas (JF). Participaron voluntariamente dieciocho hombres entre los 10 y 13 años los cuales aplicaron el test de 20 metros con cambios de dirección (T20CD) y el test de agilidad Illinois (TAI). El análisis estadístico se realizó en el IBM SPSS V.22 en el cual se fijó para la significancia un p0,05) y no normal en TAI (p<0,05), el coeficiente correlacional de Spearman (r = 0,06; p = 0,8) evidenció una relación poco significativa (p<0,05). Por lo tanto se concluye que no existe asociación significativa entre la agilidad y la VCD en JF

High-accuracy differential image motion monitor measurements for the Thirty Meter Telescope site testing program

Differential image motion monitors (DIMMs) have become the industry standard for astronomical site characterization. The calibration of DIMMs is generally considered to be routine, but we show that particular care must be paid to this issue if high-accuracy measurements are to be achieved. In a side by side comparison of several DIMMs, we demonstrate that with proper care we can achieve an agreement between the seeing measurements of two DIMMS operating under the same conditions to better than ±0.02 arc sec

Condiciones de la estabilidad laboral reforzada en trabajador en estado de debilidad manifiesta

Esta investigación parte del análisis de la sentencia T-025/111, emitida por la Corte Constitucional Colombiana, en la que se concedió la protección de los derechos fundamentales de un trabajador: la estabilidad laboral reforzada, la salud y el mínimo vital. Se considera que el fallo resolvió un caso jurídico relevante y el análisis de su argumentación podría indicar si es aplicable al sistema jurídico mexicano en los supuestos de que se trate de personas de grupos vulnerables. De igual forma, se estudiaron otras resoluciones emitidas por dicho tribunal que se consideran relevantes por estar vinculadas con el tema a investigar — la estabilidad laboral reforzada—. Por otro lado, se revisó cuál es la situación laboral de trabajadores que se encuentran en un estado de debilidad manifiesta por cuestiones especiales y qué acciones debe tomar el estado para protegerlos cuando se considere que se trata de situaciones que ameritan una protección de mayor intensidad. Para dar respuesta a estas cuestiones, se parte de la premisa de que la protección especial se debe otorgar a todos aquellos trabajadores que se encuentren en situación de vulnerabilidad laboral