A Avaliação do Livro Didático como Instrumento de Afirmação da Autonomia da Escola e de seus Docentes

O artigo aborda o processo avaliativo desenvolvido por uma escola com a finalidade de selecionar os livros didáticos a serem utilizados nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Tal processo orientou-se pela questão avaliativa: em que medida os aspectos filosófico-educacionais; didático-metodológicos; e materiais, contidos nos livros didáticos, atendem aos princípios pedagógicos do Colégio? A questão foi respondida por todos os docentes que atuavam nos anos iniciais por meio de questionário específico, tendo como referência a proposta pedagógica do Colégio. O estudo revelou que a avaliação dos livros didáticos é processo que leva à reflexão crítica e fortalece a autonomia didática dos docentes, não podendo restringir-se ao planejamento que antecede o início do ano letivo. Os resultados indicam a relevância da avaliação par e passo com a utilização do livro em sala de aula, observando as reações dos alunos e considerando os conhecimentos e limitações dos professores em suas práticas

Conduct of pediatricians in relation to the oral health of children

OBJECTIVE: Pediatricians are health professionals who treat the child during the first years of their life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the conduct adopted by pediatricians regarding the oral health of children. METHOD: This was a descriptive cross-sectional observational study with a sample of 100 physicians specialized in pediatrics, working in the public and private sectors. A questionnaire was used for data collection, and the pediatricians were approached in their workplaces. RESULT: Most pediatricians (69%) belong to the female gender, with an average age of 48 years, and work in both the public and private sectors of health and have over 20 years of professional experience. Regarding their level of knowledge on oral health, 59% consider it to be good and 59% said that they had not been approached about this issue during their training in pediatrics. Ninety-two percent routinely examine the oral cavity of the baby; 64% recommend the use of fluoridated toothpaste, and 66.7% direct patients to a dental appointment in the first year of life. Regarding breastfeeding at night, 55.6% do not make the association between breastfeeding and the onset of early childhood caries. Furthermore, 74.7% do not justify the associations between the eruption of the first primary teeth and systemic manifestations, and 93% contraindicate the use of a dummy. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that pediatricians have proactive attitudes with regards to oral health. However, they need more information on the importance of fluoride for the control of dental carie