Relationer mellan könsroller, syskonkonstellationer och modern sexism

In this study we investigated the relations between gender roles, siblings and sexism. We wanted to know if boys who spent more time with their sisters were less sexist than those who did not. Another question we asked was if girls who identified with their traditional gender roles were more sexist than those who did not. We sampled 127 high school students in the ages of 15 to 19. The results showed that time spent with sisters among boys, did not significantly correlate with sexism. However boys were more sexist than girls. Girls who identified with their traditional gender roles were less sexist than those who did not. Another important finding was that boys not identifying with the feminine gender role were more sexist than those who did. In conclusion, Contact with sisters did not have a relation to boys being sexist. However, gender and gender roles did. Unexpected findings included the importance of the feminine gender role. Where not identifying with feminine gender role traits for boys showed higher tendencies for sexism. Whereas girls who identified with the feminine traits showed lower tendencies for sexism.I denna studie undersökte vi relationen mellan könsroller, syskon och sexism. Vi ville veta om pojkar som spenderade mer tid med sina systrar var mindre sexistiska än dem som inte gjorde det. En annan fråga vi undersökte var om flickor som identifierade sig med sin traditionella könsroll var mer sexistiska än dem som inte gjorde det. Vårt urval bestod av 127 gymnasieelever i åldrarna 15 till 19 år. Resultaten visade att tid spenderad med systrar inte var signifikant korrelerat med sexism bland pojkar. Däremot var pojkar mer sexistiska än flickor. Flickor som identifierade sig med sin traditionella könsroll var mindre sexistiska än de som inte gjorde det. En annan viktig upptäckt var att pojkar som inte identifierade sig med den feminina könsrollen var mer sexistiska än de som gjorde det. Sammanfattningsvis, kontakt med systrar hade ingen relation till pojkars sexism. Däremot, hade kön och könsroller det. Oväntade resultat visade betydelsen av den feminina könsrollen där pojkar som inte identifierade sig med den feminina könsrollens egenskaper visade högre tendenser till sexism, medan flickor som identifierade sig med dessa egenskaper visade mindre tendenser till sexism.

Hundred-year floods : depictions of floods in contemporary Swedish fiction

The flood motif is one of the oldest in literary history, stretching back to the deluge myths in many cultures. It has influenced Western culture throughout the ages, perhaps most notably in the form of the biblical story about Noah’s Ark, continuously taking on new forms and connotations. As awareness of the global climate crisis has grown in the last few decades, the flood motif has become increasingly common in climate fiction. The aim of this thesis is to examine the flood motif in contemporary Swedish prose, in order to contribute to a deeper understanding of how the relationship between humans and their environment is shaped and transformed. By focusing on six Swedish novels from the 2010s, an additional aim is to broaden the scope of international ecocritical research on water and disasters in contemporary literature. Ecocritical readings of Fallvatten (2012) by Mikael Niemi, Vintern (2016) by Conny Palmkvist, Ödmården (2017) by Nils Håkanson, and the trilogy Ättlingarna (2018–2020) by Mats Söderlund, start from the following questions: How are floods depicted in contemporary Swedish prose? In which ways do these depictions relate to specific genres or genre conventions? What ideas about time, place, catastrophe, and water characterize the flood motif in the novels in question? How can these ideas be understood and problematized within the context of contemporary ecocritical research? The methodological approach consists of a combined analysis of motif, genre, imagery, and the role of place and place attachment in the novels. The theoretical framework underpinning the analyses is mainly based in contemporary ecocriticism and econarratology, in particular perspectives on the concepts of genre, spatiotemporality, place, water and catastrophe. With readings of the primary materials situated in a broader Swedish context as well as in relation to international examples and criticism, the study concludes that the flood motif in Swedish contemporary fiction in many ways aligns with general trends in terms of generic elements, textual strategies, and the use of the biblical deluge as a powerful intertextual framework. Nevertheless, there is a distinct tradition of tying flood narratives to the landscape, especially in the northern part of the country, which continues to influence Swedish flood depictions today. Further, references and connections in the examined flood novels create specific intertextual links to Swedish literary works, especially to poetry. The results also show that while there are diverse ideas about water, based on religious, mythological, or technological imagery represented in the novels, and while the agency of the water is often emphasized, there is, with a few exceptions, still a somewhat problematic distance between human and water upheld in the narratives. In the novels, the past, present and future are connected through water as a symbol of change and/or as a material change of the environment

Hundred-year floods : depictions of floods in contemporary Swedish fiction

The flood motif is one of the oldest in literary history, stretching back to the deluge myths in many cultures. It has influenced Western culture throughout the ages, perhaps most notably in the form of the biblical story about Noah’s Ark, continuously taking on new forms and connotations. As awareness of the global climate crisis has grown in the last few decades, the flood motif has become increasingly common in climate fiction. The aim of this thesis is to examine the flood motif in contemporary Swedish prose, in order to contribute to a deeper understanding of how the relationship between humans and their environment is shaped and transformed. By focusing on six Swedish novels from the 2010s, an additional aim is to broaden the scope of international ecocritical research on water and disasters in contemporary literature. Ecocritical readings of Fallvatten (2012) by Mikael Niemi, Vintern (2016) by Conny Palmkvist, Ödmården (2017) by Nils Håkanson, and the trilogy Ättlingarna (2018–2020) by Mats Söderlund, start from the following questions: How are floods depicted in contemporary Swedish prose? In which ways do these depictions relate to specific genres or genre conventions? What ideas about time, place, catastrophe, and water characterize the flood motif in the novels in question? How can these ideas be understood and problematized within the context of contemporary ecocritical research? The methodological approach consists of a combined analysis of motif, genre, imagery, and the role of place and place attachment in the novels. The theoretical framework underpinning the analyses is mainly based in contemporary ecocriticism and econarratology, in particular perspectives on the concepts of genre, spatiotemporality, place, water and catastrophe. With readings of the primary materials situated in a broader Swedish context as well as in relation to international examples and criticism, the study concludes that the flood motif in Swedish contemporary fiction in many ways aligns with general trends in terms of generic elements, textual strategies, and the use of the biblical deluge as a powerful intertextual framework. Nevertheless, there is a distinct tradition of tying flood narratives to the landscape, especially in the northern part of the country, which continues to influence Swedish flood depictions today. Further, references and connections in the examined flood novels create specific intertextual links to Swedish literary works, especially to poetry. The results also show that while there are diverse ideas about water, based on religious, mythological, or technological imagery represented in the novels, and while the agency of the water is often emphasized, there is, with a few exceptions, still a somewhat problematic distance between human and water upheld in the narratives. In the novels, the past, present and future are connected through water as a symbol of change and/or as a material change of the environment

"Det blir som en kompis" - en kvalitativ studie om unga tjejers bloggläsande

Denna undersökning bygger på en kvalitativ metod och fokuserar på unga tjejer som läser bloggar och deras uppfattning och tolkning av dem. Vi vill undersöka varför unga tjejer läser bloggar, om läsarna ser upp till bloggare och om läsarna är kritiska till någon blogg eller en del av en blogg. Följande frågor intresserar oss då bloggar är ett fenomen som har ökat enormt de senaste åren. I Sverige har 20 procent av unga tjejer en blogg och 69 procent är bloggläsare. Bloggläsarna är en grupp som vi inte vet så mycket om och vi har därför valt att undersöka denna grupp. Vårt empiriska material består av halvstrukturerade intervjuer med fem informanter. Våra reslutat och analyser bygger på en teoretisk ram där vi fokuserar på Giddens och Ziehes teorier kring ungdomar och identitetsutveckling. Vi fokuserar även på Goffmans rollteori och ungdomars livsstilar i dagens samhälle. Materialet är vidare inkluderat i relevant tidigare forskning som kommer från både svensk och internationell forskning. Vi har inriktat oss på forskning om relationen mellan ungdomar och Internet, identitet, bloggar och konsumtion. Vårt resultat visar att bloggar är en stor del av läsarnas vardagliga liv. Det har blivit ett nytt forum och för dagens ungdomar som har växt upp med Internet, har det varit en naturlig utveckling. Bloggläsarna är väldigt medvetna om sig själva och det som sker runt omkring dem och det kan ske både medvetet och omedvetet. Resultaten visar även att läsarna blir påverkade av bloggar men att de fortfarande är reflekterande. Bloggar kan till exempel vara en hjälp i ungdomars utveckling och kan till och med fungera som en vän. Ungdomars konsumtion påverkas även av att läsa bloggar

Stora män, breda nätverk och djupa fickor - Neopatrimonialismens påverkan på Nigerias demokratiseringsprocess

Arbetet berör kopplingen mellan neopatrimonialism och demokratiseringsprocessen i Nigeria. Metoden som används är en teoriutvecklande fallstudie. Efter en genomgång av redan befintlig teori inom neopatrimonialism identifieras tre indikatorer som kännetecknar ett sådant system. Dessa är personlig presidentialism, klientelism och missbruk av statsresurser. Indikatorerna appliceras på Nigeria för att sedan undersöka eventuell påverkan på demokratiseringsprocessen. Arbetet utmynnar i slutsatsen att neopatrimonialismen har haft negativa effekter på Nigerias demokratiseringsprocess. Detta har tagit sig uttryck i att nigerianernas politiska rättigheter och medborgliga friheter har kränkts. Personlig presidentialism är den indikator som haft störst effekt på demokratiseringsprocessen. Detta eftersom dess kraftiga begränsning föranledde den demokratiska transitionen 1999. Klientelismen och missbruket av statsresurser finns däremot i större utsträckning vilket hindrar den fortsatta demokratiseringsprocessen

Adolescents and professionals experiences of metabolic and bariatric surgery and requirements for preoperative and postoperative support through mHealth: a qualitative study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore adolescents and professionals incentives and experiences of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and to explore perceived needs and requirements for preoperative and postoperative support through an mHealth intervention to improve long-term healthy lifestyle behaviour and health outcomes. DesignAn inductive qualitative study using in-depth semistructured interviews. SettingThree hospital-based specialist paediatric obesity treatment units in Sweden. ParticipantsA total of 18 participants (14 women and 4 men). Nine adolescents aged between 17 and 22 years who had undergone or were about to undergo surgery, and nine professionals, including researchers and clinicians working in various professional roles such as physiotherapist, dietician, nurse, psychologist, physician and pedagogue. ResultsBoth informant groups of participants highlighted that undergoing MBS is a complex process, and hence actions are required on several levels to optimise the positive, long-term effects of surgery. Efficient communication between the healthcare professionals and adolescents was considered crucial and a key success factor. Informants acknowledged the need for additional support that relates to psychosocial well-being and mental health in order to understand, form and accept new behaviours and identity. An mHealth intervention should be seen as complementary to physical appointments, and informants acknowledged that an app could be a way of improving access to healthcare, and a useful tool to allow for individually tailored and easily available support. ConclusionsThe findings address the importance of a personal encounter and a need for additional support that relates to psychosocial well-being, mental health and healthy lifestyle behaviour. These findings should be incorporated into future research concerning mHealth interventions in MBS during adolescence

Validation and normative data on the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale RCADS‐25 in a Swedish national probability sample of children and adolescents aged 4–17 years

Abstract Background Mental health problems among children and adolescents are a growing public health concern. Self‐report questionnaires are pivotal for screening and early detection of mental health issues. We evaluate the psychometric properties and provide norm data of the 25‐item child and 25‐item parent‐report versions of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS). Methods A random probability sample of 29,000 children and adolescents (ages 4–17) from the Swedish population registry was invited. Data collection occurred from September 2021 to January 2022, accompanied by one postal and four SMS reminders. Results Participants (N = 7045, 48.98% girls) demonstrate that the RCADS‐25 possesses relatively sound psychometric properties, albeit that the child‐report version assessed with children and adolescents aged 8 to 17 years rendered relatively better psychometric properties (e.g., ω = 0.87–0.92, CFI = 0.89) compared with the parent‐report version and the children 4 to 7 years old (e.g., ω = 0.72–0.82, CFI = 0.84). Conclusion The RCADS‐25 instruments may be used as an effective instrument for the initial assessment of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents in Sweden

Generation Pep Study : A population-based survey on diet and physical activity in 12,000 Swedish children and adolescents

Aim This study presents dietary intake and physical activity in a large nationally representative sample of children and adolescents in Sweden. It also reports the study protocol for the Generation Pep Study that will be used for yearly repeated measurements. Methods A random sample of children and adolescents aged 4-17 years living in Sweden was invited to fill in a Web-based questionnaire on dietary intake and physical activity. For participants aged &amp;lt;12 years, the parents were asked to fill in the questionnaire together with their child. Information on socio-economic background was collected from the parents. Results A total number of 12,441 children and adolescents participated in the study (participation rate 43%). The results indicate that 13- to 17-year-olds have notably less healthy dietary intake and lower physical activity compared with younger age groups. In general, the dietary intake was most healthy among 4- to 6-year-olds. A socio-economic gradient was seen for many of the studied variables. Conclusion Participants of a high socio-economic status and younger age generally had healthier dietary intake and higher physical activity. The study provides novel national data as it includes a wide age of children and adolescents (4-17 years).Funding Agencies|Swedish Heart-Lung FoundationSwedish Heart-Lung Foundation</p

Physical activity and screen time in Swedish children and adolescents : The generation pep study 2018-2021

AimTo analyse physical activity and screen time trends annually between 2018 and 2021 in large population-based samples of Swedish children and adolescents. MethodsThis is a repeated cross-sectional study using data collected over 4 years (2018-2021) using simple probability sampling of Swedish children and adolescents aged 4-17 years. The web-based questionnaire, including questions on physical activity and screen time, was filled out by a parent if the child was No significant difference in physical activity was observed in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019. However, older children/adolescents and girls have higher odds to be in a lower physical activity category (p-values&amp;lt;0.001). With regards to screen time, there was a significant increase in reported screen time from 2018 to 2021 for children and adolescents, with screen time peaking in 2020 (p-values&amp;lt;0.001). ConclusionThis is the first study in Sweden evaluating trends in physical activity and screen time in large population-based samples spanning from pre-school to adolescence. Interventions to promote physical activity, especially in the older age groups and to reduce screen time in a Swedish context are warranted