Psychological factors and sports injuries in olympic wrestling and taekwondo

En los últimos años ha aumentado el interés por el estudio de la relación entre las variables psicológicas y las lesiones deportivas. Considerando éstas como acontecimientos negativos e inevitables en el contexto deportivo, en el presente estudio abordamos dos disciplinas que tradicionalmente han registrado altas cifras de incidencia, lucha olímpica y taekwondo. Con una muestra de 34 deportistas de ambas modalidades, los resultados más destacados indican puntuaciones similares, aunque algo superiores en todas las escalas del IPED (Inventario Psicológico de Ejecución Deportiva) en los practicantes de taekwondo, si bien no se obtienen diferencias estadísticamente significativas, al igual que en la comparación entre deportistas internacionales y competidores nacionales. El índice de lesión es de 2,42 lesiones por deportista y temporada en lucha, y de 2,60 en taekwondo, y se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p< ,01) al comparar a deportistas de nivel nacional (1,90 lesiones) e internacionales (3,46 por temporada). También se obtienen correlaciones significativas entre el número de lesiones y las escalas del IPED Autoconfianza, Control de Afrontamiento Negativo y Control de Afrontamiento Positivo, siendo éstas de signo negativo.In the last years it has increased the interest for the study of the relation between psychological factors and sport injuries. Considering these as negative and inevitable events in the sports context, in the present study we approach two disciplines that have traditionally experienced high incidence rates, Olympic wrestling and taekwondo. With a sample of 34 athletes of both modalities, the most important results indicate similar scores, though slightly higher on all scales of IPED (Sports Performance Psychological Inventory) in taekwondo, but statistically significant differences are not obtained, as in the comparison between international and national competitors athletes. The injury rate is 2,42 injuries for athlete and season in wrestling, and 2,60 in taekwondo, and they appreciate statistically significant differences (p <, 01) on having compared to athletes of national level (1,90 injuries) and international (3,46 for season). Significant correlations have been also obtained between the number of injuries and the scales of the IPED Self-confidence, Negative Energy Control and Positive Energy Control, being these of negative sign.peerReviewe

Modernismo frente a noventa y ocho: el caso de las andanzas de Unamuno

O objetivo desse trabalho é de analisar a relação entre o construto otimista, a síndrome de burnout e o estado de humor em esportistas em situação pré-competitiva. A amostra foi constituída por 227 lutadores que participaram do Campeonato de Espanha de Lutas Olímpicas. Os instrumentos utilizados são o LOT-R adaptação espanhola de Otero et al. (1998) do teste de Scheier e Carver (1985), em sua revisão Scheier, Carver e Bridges (1994) em o Inventario de Burnout para Esportistas (IBD). O IBD é uma adaptação para populações desportivas realizadas por Garcés de Los Fayos (1999) do Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) e o Profile of Mood States (POMS). Para a avaliação dos estados de humor foi aplicado de forma abreviada e adaptada por Fuentes, Balguer, Melía e García-Merita (1995), do instrumento original de McNair, Loor y Dropplemam (1971). Os questionários foram administrados durante o Campeonato de Espanha de Lutas Olímpicas, nos escalões Cadete e Sénior. Os resultados indicam uma relação entre otimismo e algumas dimensões do burnout como o esgotamento emocional e a despersonalização, assim como estados de humor como depressão, fadiga e cólera

Análisis comparativo de la calidad percibida por espectadores en deportes de combate

The interest in knowing the user's perceptions regarding the quality and value of the service has been transferred to the sports events. Knowing which are the determinant elements for the general satisfaction of the spectator, will cause to the organizations a greater loyalty and improvement in its sport projects. This study analyzes, through a questionnaire, the different dimensions from the quality perceived, services quality, competitions elements and futures intentions in the prediction of the general satisfaction of the spectator in Taekwondo and Wrestling Spanish Championships. The results indicated the quality dimension was the worst valued for the spectators in both sports, being the results quality the low punctuation dimension. However, the future intentions has got the best valued dimension for the spectators, there are no exist more differences between the both championships. These results would be relevant for managers in charge of sport events in order to plan strategies dedicated to services improvement.El interés por conocer las percepciones del espectador respecto a la calidad y el valor del servicio, se ha trasladado a los eventos deportivos. Conocer cuáles son los elementos determinantes para alcanzar la satisfacción general del espectador, propiciará a los organizadores una mayor lealtad y mejora en la planificación de próximos eventos. Este estudio analiza, a través de un cuestionario, las  distintas dimensiones de calidad percibida, que presenta un evento deportivo de combate, calidad de servicio global, satisfacción general, elementos de la competición e intenciones futuras, según la percepción del espectador en los Campeonatos de España absolutos de las modalidades deportivas de Taekwondo y Lucha Olímpica. La dimensión de calidad percibida fue la peor valorada de forma global por los espectadores de los dos campeonatos, siendo la calidad de resultado la menos puntuada. Sin embargo, las intenciones futuras fueron el factor más valorado, existiendo pequeñas diferencias entre ambos eventos. Estos resultados son relevantes para los gestores de eventos deportivos para planificar estrategas para la mejora del servicio

Three years of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in a european region: a population-based longitudinal assessment in Madrid between 2020 and 2022

Our objective was to assess the health impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during 2020-2022 in the Madrid region. We included all individuals registered in the Madrid Health System Registry as of 31 December 2019, and followed them until 31 December 2022. Using a unique personal identifier, we linked the databases of primary care, hospitals, pharmacies, certified laboratories performing diagnostic tests, vaccines, and mortality. Of 6 833 423 individuals, 21.4% had a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, and 1.5% had a COVID-19 hospitalization (primary diagnosis). Thirty-day mortality was 1.6% for confirmed COVID-19 (from 11.4% in first semester 2020 to 0.4% in first semester 2022). Thirty-day mortality was 10.8% for COVID-19 hospitalizations (from 14.0% in first semester 2020 to 6.0% in second semester 2022). There were 24 073 deaths within 30 days of a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Advanced age, male sex, higher socioeconomic deprivation, and comorbidities were associated with higher mortality. By linking administrative and clinical databases, we characterized the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic in Madrid over 3 years. Our analysis proposes a high-level framework for comparisons of the burden of COVID-19 across areas worldwid

The Effects of Ash and Black Carbon (Biochar) on Germination of Different Tree Species

Forest fires generate large amounts of ash and biochar, or black carbon (BC), that cover the soil surface, interacting with the soil’s constituents and its seedbank. This study concerns reproductive ecology assessments supported by molecular characterisation to improve our understanding of the effects of fire and fire residues on the germination behaviour of 12 arboreal species with a wide geographic distribution. For this purpose, we analysed the effects of three ash and one BC concentration on the germination of Acacia dealbata Link, A. longifolia (Andrews) Willd., A. mearnsii De Wild., A. melanoxylon R. Br., Pinus nigra Arnold, P. pinaster Aiton, P. radiata D. Don, P. sylvestris L., Quercus ilex L., Q. pyrenaica Willd., Q. robur L., and Q. rubra L. Each tree species was exposed to ash and BC created from its foliage or twigs (except for Q. rubra, which was exposed to ash and BC of Ulex europaeus L.). We monitored germination percentage, the T50 parameter, and tracked the development of germination over time (up to 1 yr). The BC of A. dealbata, P. pinaster, and Q. robur was analysed by pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PY-GC-MS) to assess the molecular composition. In six species, ash inhibited the germination, while in another five species, germination was not affected by ash or by BC. In Q. rubra, ash and BC stimulated its germination. This stimulating effect of the BC on Q. rubra is likely to be related to the chemical composition of the ash and BC obtained from Ulex feedstock. The BC of U. europaeus has a very different molecular composition than the other BC samples analysed, which, together with other factors, probably allowed for its germination stimulating effects.This study was carried out within the Project 10MDS200007PR, financed by the Xunta de Galicia; the Project AGL2013-48189-C2-2-R, financed by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain; and FEDERS

LISTA NEGRA Y LISTA DE ALERTA DE ESPECIES EXÓTICAS INVASORAS ACUÁTICAS DE LA PENÍNSULA IBÉRICA - Ejercicio de exploración del horizonte transnacional centrado en las especies exóticas invasoras acuáticas de alto riesgo para las aguas interiores ibéricas.

Un objetivo importante de LIFE INVASAQUA es desarrollar herramientas que mejoren la gestión y sean más eficientes en el marco de Alerta Temprana y Respuesta Rápida (EWRR) para las Especies Exóticas Invasoras (EEI) en la Península Ibérica. La exploración del horizonte para las EEI de alto riesgo es básica para aplicar medidas que reduzcan las nuevas invasiones y para centrar los esfuerzos en las especies ya registradas. Desarrollamos un ejercicio transnacional de exploración del horizonte centrado en las aguas interiores de España y Portugal con el fin de proporcionar una lista negra de las EEI acuáticas actualmente establecidas y una lista de alerta de las EEI acuáticas potenciales que pueden suponer una amenaza para los ecosistemas acuáticos y los sectores socioeconómicos en el futuro. Para la exploración del horizonte seguimos un enfoque estructurado de 5 pasos que combinaba las pruebas existentes sobre las EEI con una puntuación de expertos de los taxones priorizados. En la lista negra final se priorizaron 126 EEI, que representan el 41,2% de los taxones exóticos registrados en las aguas continentales ibéricas. Las 24 primeras especies tenían un riesgo de impacto muy alto porque obtuvieron los valores máximos en el proceso de puntuación de la evaluación de riesgos. Además, la lista de alerta incluía 89 EEI con un riesgo significativo de invasión en la Península Ibérica en el futuro, estando 11 taxones en cabeza con un riesgo muy alto de invasión

Approaches in biotechnological applications of natural polymers

Natural polymers, such as gums and mucilage, are biocompatible, cheap, easily available and non-toxic materials of native origin. These polymers are increasingly preferred over synthetic materials for industrial applications due to their intrinsic properties, as well as they are considered alternative sources of raw materials since they present characteristics of sustainability, biodegradability and biosafety. As definition, gums and mucilages are polysaccharides or complex carbohydrates consisting of one or more monosaccharides or their derivatives linked in bewildering variety of linkages and structures. Natural gums are considered polysaccharides naturally occurring in varieties of plant seeds and exudates, tree or shrub exudates, seaweed extracts, fungi, bacteria, and animal sources. Water-soluble gums, also known as hydrocolloids, are considered exudates and are pathological products; therefore, they do not form a part of cell wall. On the other hand, mucilages are part of cell and physiological products. It is important to highlight that gums represent the largest amounts of polymer materials derived from plants. Gums have enormously large and broad applications in both food and non-food industries, being commonly used as thickening, binding, emulsifying, suspending, stabilizing agents and matrices for drug release in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In the food industry, their gelling properties and the ability to mold edible films and coatings are extensively studied. The use of gums depends on the intrinsic properties that they provide, often at costs below those of synthetic polymers. For upgrading the value of gums, they are being processed into various forms, including the most recent nanomaterials, for various biotechnological applications. Thus, the main natural polymers including galactomannans, cellulose, chitin, agar, carrageenan, alginate, cashew gum, pectin and starch, in addition to the current researches about them are reviewed in this article.. }To the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfíico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for fellowships (LCBBC and MGCC) and the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nvíel Superior (CAPES) (PBSA). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit, the Project RECI/BBB-EBI/0179/2012 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-027462) and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) (JAT)

Pre-treatment and extraction techniques for recovery of added value compounds from wastes throughout the agri-food chain

The enormous quantity of food wastes discarded annually force to look for alternatives for this interesting feedstock. Thus, food bio-waste valorisation is one of the imperatives of the nowadays society. This review is the most comprehensive overview of currently existing technologies and processes in this field. It tackles classical and innovative physical, physico-chemical and chemical methods of food waste pre-treatment and extraction for recovery of added value compounds and detection by modern technologies and are an outcome of the COST Action EUBIS, TD1203 Food Waste Valorisation for Sustainable Chemicals, Materials and Fuels