Avances en Informática y Automática. Octavo Workshop

[ES]El Máster Oficial en Sistemas Inteligentes de la Universidad de Salamanca tiene como principal objetivo promover la iniciación de los estudiantes en el ámbito de la investigación. El congreso organizado por el Departamento de Informática y Automática que se celebra dentro del Máster en Sistemas Inteligentes de la Universidad de Salamanca proporciona la oportunidad ideal para que sus estudiantes presenten los principales resultados de sus Trabajos de Fin de Máster y obtengan una realimentación del interés de los mismos. La octava edición del workshop “Avances en Informática y Automática”, correspondiente al curso 2013 - 2014, ha sido un encuentro interdisciplinar donde se han presentado trabajos pertenecientes a un amplio abanico de líneas de investigación, desde los sistemas multiagente, la visualización de la información o la minería de datos hasta la lógica, el reconocimiento de patrones o las redes neuronales. Todos los trabajos han sido supervisados por investigadores de reconocido prestigio pertenecientes a la Universidad de Salamanca, proporcionando el marco idóneo para sentar las bases de una futura tesis doctoral. Entre los principales objetivos del congreso se encuentran: ofrecer a los estudiantes un marco donde exponer sus primeros trabajos de investigación. Proporcionar a los participantes un foro donde discutir ideas y encontrar nuevas sugerencias de compañeros, investigadores y otros asistentes a la reunión. Permitir a cada estudiante una realimentación de los participantes sobre su trabajo y una orientación sobre las futuras direcciones de investigación. Contribuir al desarrollo del espíritu de colaboración en la investigación

Electrocoagulation-UV irradiation process for urban wastewater reuse

This work presents a promising process to carry out the reclamation of urban treated wastewaters that consists of the application of UV irradiation to an electrocoagulation process with aluminium electrodes (photo-electrocoagulation). Results show that it is possible to perform the simultaneous removal of the microbiological content and turbidity in wastewater by applying low current densities. During the photo-electrocoagulation process, coagulant species are formed by the electrodissolution of the anode material (aluminium), causing the removal of turbidity in wastewater. The nature of these coagulant species will mainly depend on the pH and the metal concentration. In this context, the pH during the process remained constant around 8, a value that favours the formation of insoluble aluminium hydroxides and therefore, a sweep flocculation as main coagulation mechanism. On the other hand, it has been observed the presence of disinfectant species in wastewater during the process, specifically, free and combined chlorine disinfectants. Urban wastewater present significant concentration of chlorides in their composition and these species are susceptible of being oxidized on the anode surface favouring the generation of hypochlorite. In addition, the electrogenerated hypochlorite can react with the ammonium typically present in wastewater to form chloramines. Both species have noticeable disinfectant capacity and they are the main responsible of the elimination of E. coli. Finally, the application of UV radiation during the process favours the elimination of microorganisms due to the interaction of the light on the cell membrane of E. coli. Likewise, the application of UV light during the electrocoagulation promotes the formation of free radicals from the oxidizing species previously formed. These radicals not only increase the process performance in terms of E. coli removal but also favour the chemical dissolution of the sacrificial electrode and therefore, there is an increase in the turbidity removal performance

Combining bioadsorption and photoelectrochemical oxidation for the treatment of soil-washing effluents polluted with herbicide 2,4-D

BACKGROUND: The aim of this work is to evaluate the effectiveness of complete treatment of soil spiked with 2,4-D, consisting of soil washing, followed by bioadsorption with activated sludge and electrochemical and photoelectrochemical oxidation of resulting wastewater using BDD anodes combined with UV light irradiation. RESULTS: Results show that 2,4-D is very efficiently removed from synthetic soil by soil-washing without the use of surfactants. The effluent can be treated by bioadsorption with fresh activated sludge coming from a municipal wastewater treatment plant and the maximum adsorption capacity is 0.012 mg 2,4-D mg?1 biomass. Despite the low contact time between the biomass and the soil-washing effluent, results fit well to a Langmuir isotherm. CONCLUSIONS: Photoelectrolysis with diamond anodes is more efficient than single electrolysis and the influence of potential radicalary oxidants produced on the anode surface from sulfate and chloride and activated by UV light can explain the better results. Both electrolysis and photoelectrolysis can lead to the complete mineralization of 2,4-D, regardless of the biomass/herbicide ratio applied in the previous bioadsorption process.Scopu

Irradiated electrochemical processes for the removal of persistent organic pollutants from waters

Recently, regulations for the control of occurrence of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) on wastewater are considered as an important topic. These compounds have been found in surface, ground and drinking waters, because conventional treatments of wastewater treatment plants are not able to remove them completely. Thus, it is necessary to look for a suitable technology for the removal of POPs from waters and wastewaters efficiently. In the recent years, many works have demonstrated the efficiency and robustness of the application of Conductive-Diamond Electrochemical Oxidation (CDEO) for the treatment of wastewaters contained refractory organic compounds (Brillas et al., 2004, Boye et al., 2006, Cañizares et al., 2006, Cañizares et al., 2008, Brillas et al., 2010, Wang and Li, 2012, Abdessamad et al., 2013, Daskalaki et al., 2013). However, in the treatment of diluted wastewaters (below 1,500 mg COD dm-3), electrolyses may be controlled by the mass transfer rate of pollutant from the bulk to the anode surface and thus, the current efficiency decreases linearly with COD concentration (Comminellis and Pulgarin, 1991). This is what used to be observed in the treatment of wastewaters polluted with POPs (Robles-Molina et al., 2012, Martín de Vidales et al., 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013, Indermuhle et al., 2013), in which these species are typically found at very low concentrations because of their low solubility

Enfermedades crónicas

Estrategia de intervención en la malnutrición por exceso en población infantil de comuna de TucapelEvaluación del programa de manejo integral en pacientes obesos con síndrome metabólico en consultorio ruralGénesis de políticas locales de promoción en salud pública en Olmué y su contribución iberoamericanaPrograma de actividad física y baile entretenido de la localidad de Cherquenco, Región de la Araucanía &nbsp

Enfermedades crónicas

Estrategia de intervención en la malnutrición por exceso en población infantil de comuna de TucapelEvaluación del programa de manejo integral en pacientes obesos con síndrome metabólico en consultorio ruralGénesis de políticas locales de promoción en salud pública en Olmué y su contribución iberoamericanaPrograma de actividad física y baile entretenido de la localidad de Cherquenco, Región de la Araucanía &nbsp

Implementación y ordenación de los aspectos relativos a la gestión académica y docente del doble grado Derecho - Estudios Jurídico Militares

El presente Proyecto de innovación en la gestión pretende abordar las necesidades relacionadas con la Implementación y ordenación de los aspectos relativos a la gestión académica y docente del Doble Grado en Derecho y en Estudios Jurídico Militares. Identificando todos aquellos aspectos que permitan una adecuada gestión de ambas titulaciones, lo que sin duda redundará en beneficio de los alumnos y permitirá garantizar su calidad.Universidad Complutense de MadridDecanatoFac. de DerechoFALSEsubmitte