The usefulness of artificial intelligence techniques to assess subjective quality of products in the food industry

In this paper we advocate the application of Artificial Intelligence techniques to quality assessment of food products. Machine Learning algorithms can help us to: (a) extract operative human knowledge from a set of examples; (b) conclude interpretable rules for classifying samples regardless of the non-linearity of the human behaviour or process; and (c) help us to ascertain the degree of influence of each objective attribute of the assessed food on the final decision of an expert. We illustrate these topics with an example of how it is possible to clone the behaviour of bovine carcass classifiers, leading to possible further industrial application

Manejo de heridas y complicaciones. Perjuicio estético

Memoria ID-0062. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Actividades de producción digital destinadas al conocimiento del problema de los supernumerarios a partir de fotografías e imágenes clínicas

Memoria ID-0061. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2014-2015

Enseñanza Tutorial on-line para el avance y mejora en la integración asistencial de pacientes con sindrome de Down

Memoria ID-235. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014

Prevalence of dementia and major dementia subtypes in Spanish populations: A reanalysis of dementia prevalence surveys, 1990-2008

Background This study describes the prevalence of dementia and major dementia subtypes in Spanish elderly. Methods We identified screening surveys, both published and unpublished, in Spanish populations, which fulfilled specific quality criteria and targeted prevalence of dementia in populations aged 70 years and above. Surveys covering 13 geographically different populations were selected (prevalence period: 1990-2008). Authors of original surveys provided methodological details of their studies through a systematic questionnaire and also raw age-specific data. Prevalence data were compared using direct adjustment and logistic regression. Results The reanalyzed study population (aged 70 year and above) was composed of Central and North-Eastern Spanish sub-populations obtained from 9 surveys and totaled 12,232 persons and 1,194 cases of dementia (707 of Alzheimer's disease, 238 of vascular dementia). Results showed high variation in age- and sex-specific prevalence across studies. The reanalyzed prevalence of dementia was significantly higher in women; increased with age, particularly for Alzheimer's disease; and displayed a significant geographical variation among men. Prevalence was lowest in surveys reporting participation below 85%, studies referred to urban-mixed populations and populations diagnosed by psychiatrists. Conclusion Prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Central and North-Eastern Spain is higher in females, increases with age, and displays considerable geographic variation that may be method-related. People suffering from dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Spain may approach 600,000 and 400,000 respectively. However, existing studies may not be completely appropriate to infer prevalence of dementia and its subtypes in Spain until surveys in Southern Spain are conductedFinancial aid was obtained from the Spanish RECSP C03-09, CIEN C03-06 and CIBERNED networks, and from the Pfizer Foundation in particularS

Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD

Anti-Spike antibodies 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine booster dose in patients on hemodialysis: the prospective SENCOVAC study

Background: Patients on hemodialysis are at high-risk for complications derived from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present analysis evaluated the impact of a booster vaccine dose and breakthrough severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections on humoral immunity 3 months after the booster dose. Methods: This is a multicentric and prospective study assessing immunoglobulin G anti-Spike antibodies 6 and 9 months after initial SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients on hemodialysis that had also received a booster dose before the 6-month assessment (early booster) or between the 6- and 9-month assessments (late booster). The impact of breakthrough infections, type of vaccine, time from the booster and clinical variables were assessed. Results: A total of 711 patients [67% male, median age (range) 67 (20-89) years] were included. Of these, 545 (77%) received an early booster and the rest a late booster. At 6 months, 64 (9%) patients had negative anti-Spike antibody titers (3% of early booster and 29% of late booster patients, P =. 001). At 9 months, 91% of patients with 6-month negative response had seroconverted and there were no differences in residual prevalence of negative humoral response between early and late booster patients (0.9% vs 0.6%, P =. 693). During follow-up, 35 patients (5%) developed breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antibody titers at 9 months were independently associated with mRNA-1273 booster (P =. 001), lower time from booster (P =. 043) and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection (P <. 001). Conclusions: In hemodialysis patients, higher titers of anti-Spike antibodies at 9 months were associated with mRNA-1273 booster, lower time from booster and past breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infectionThe present project has been supported by Fresenius Medical Care, Diaverum, Vifor Pharma, Vircell, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo and ISCIII FEDER funds RICORS2040 (RD21/0005

Monoides parcialmente aditivos en la teoría de la información.

Partially-additive monoids (pams) were introduced by Arbib and Manes ([1]) in order to provide an algebraic approach to the semantic of recursion in theoretical computer science. Here we extend the range of application of pams for capturing information theory concepts as componibility and sequential continuity, which arise naturally in this framework

Efecto de la suplementación nitrogenada sobre la fermentación ruminal in vitro de forrajes deficientes en nitrógeno

Se estudió el efecto de la suplementación nitrogenada y del tipo de nitrógeno (proteico vs. N no proteico (NNP) sobre la fermentación ruminal in vitro de varios forrajes deficientes en N degradable en el rumen (NDR). Los forrajes (henos de trébol (HT), gramíneas (HG) y de prado permanente (HPP) y brotes de los arbustos Erica arborea y Calluna vulgaris) se incubaron in vitro con líquido ruminal sin tratamiento nitrogenado (control) o añadiéndoles lo necesario para proporcionar 30 g de NDR / kg de materia orgánica degradable en el rumen, en forma de urea (NNP) o de caseína (N proteico). Para cada forraje se incubaron 15 botellas (5 por tratamiento) a 39 grados C durante 120 horas y se determinaron el ritmo y la producción potencial de gas y de ácidos grasos volátiles (AGV), la desaparición de materia orgánica tras 120 horas de incubación (DMO sub 120h) y la producción de metano tras 24 horas de incubación. La suplementación con N aumentó (p0,05) a la producción potencial de gas y AGV ni a la DMO sub 120h. Comparada con la urea, la incubación con caseína aumentó (p<0,05) el ritmo de producción de gas para el HPP, E. arborea y C. vulgaris y la producción de metano para el HPP y C. vulgaris. Se sugiere que la suplementación de forrajes deficientes en NDR con N proteico podría tener un mayor efecto estimulante de la fermentación ruminal in vitro que la suplementación con NNP, aunque esto parece depender de las características del forraje

Effects of cinnamaldehyde on microbial protein synthesis and bacterial diversity in Rusitec

Trabajo presentado al: 69th Annual Meeting of the European Federation of Animal Science. Dubrovnik, (Croacia), 27-31 agosto, 2018.Peer reviewe