Evaluación del Programa de Tuberculosis en instituciones cerradas

Introduction: assessments are vital to the success of any program to measure and analyze the fulfillment of the objectives. The most commonly used is based on the evaluation of three components: structure, process and results. Objective: to evaluate the national program for tuberculosis control in closed institutions of Pinar del Río. Material and method: an evaluative research was conducted with a retrospective study design. Criteria and variables, rating scale, operational description indicators and standards in the three components of the program were defined. The information was obtained from statistical records, histories and epidemiological picture. The evaluation of indicators was conducted by comparing the results obtained with the standards established in the national program for tuberculosis control of the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba and other closed institutions set by health, giving the categories of good, fair or wrong. Results: adequate coverage, training of human resources, materials and quality control in the component structure, treatment interruptions chemoprophylaxis of contacts made in late diagnosis and secondary health care in the process component identified , average age 36, increased incidence and prevalence in the provincial closed institution as the main component results. Conclusions: the program is evaluated regularly. The research identified gaps in the prevention and control actions carried out by providing objective and scientific operation thereof, useful in decision making evidence.Introducción: las evaluaciones son vitales para el éxito de cualquier programa al medir y analizar el cumplimiento de los objetivos trazados. La más utilizada se basa en la evaluación de los tres componentes: estructura, proceso y resultados. Objetivo: evaluar el programa nacional de control de la tuberculosis en instituciones cerradas de Pinar del Río. Material y método: se realizó una investigación evaluativa, con un diseño de estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se definieron criterios y variables, escala de clasificación, descripción operacional con indicadores y estándares en los tres componentes del programa. La información se obtuvo de registros estadísticos, historias y cuadro epidemiológico. Se realizó la evaluación de los indicadores, comparando el resultado obtenido con los estándares establecidos en el programa nacional de control de la tuberculosis del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba y otros fijados por las instituciones cerradas de salud, otorgándoles las categorías de bien, regular o mal. Resultados: se identificó la adecuada cobertura, capacitación de recursos humanos, materiales y el control de calidad en el componente de estructura, interrupciones en el tratamiento de quimioprofilaxis de los contactos, diagnósticos tardíos y realizados en la atención secundaria de salud en el componente de proceso, media de edad de 36 años, incremento en la incidencia y predominio en la institución cerrada provincial como los principales del componente de resultados. Conclusiones: el programa se evaluó de regular. La investigación permitió identificar brechas existentes en las acciones de prevención y control realizadas, aportando evidencias objetivas y científicas del funcionamiento del mismo, útiles en la toma de decisiones

Evaluación del Programa de Tuberculosis en instituciones cerradas

Introduction: assessments are vital to the success of any program to measure and analyze the fulfillment of the objectives. The most commonly used is based on the evaluation of three components: structure, process and results. Objective: to evaluate the national program for tuberculosis control in closed institutions of Pinar del Río. Material and method: an evaluative research was conducted with a retrospective study design. Criteria and variables, rating scale, operational description indicators and standards in the three components of the program were defined. The information was obtained from statistical records, histories and epidemiological picture. The evaluation of indicators was conducted by comparing the results obtained with the standards established in the national program for tuberculosis control of the Ministry of Public Health of Cuba and other closed institutions set by health, giving the categories of good, fair or wrong. Results: adequate coverage, training of human resources, materials and quality control in the component structure, treatment interruptions chemoprophylaxis of contacts made in late diagnosis and secondary health care in the process component identified , average age 36, increased incidence and prevalence in the provincial closed institution as the main component results. Conclusions: the program is evaluated regularly. The research identified gaps in the prevention and control actions carried out by providing objective and scientific operation thereof, useful in decision making evidence.Introducción: las evaluaciones son vitales para el éxito de cualquier programa al medir y analizar el cumplimiento de los objetivos trazados. La más utilizada se basa en la evaluación de los tres componentes: estructura, proceso y resultados. Objetivo: evaluar el programa nacional de control de la tuberculosis en instituciones cerradas de Pinar del Río. Material y método: se realizó una investigación evaluativa, con un diseño de estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se definieron criterios y variables, escala de clasificación, descripción operacional con indicadores y estándares en los tres componentes del programa. La información se obtuvo de registros estadísticos, historias y cuadro epidemiológico. Se realizó la evaluación de los indicadores, comparando el resultado obtenido con los estándares establecidos en el programa nacional de control de la tuberculosis del Ministerio de Salud Pública de Cuba y otros fijados por las instituciones cerradas de salud, otorgándoles las categorías de bien, regular o mal. Resultados: se identificó la adecuada cobertura, capacitación de recursos humanos, materiales y el control de calidad en el componente de estructura, interrupciones en el tratamiento de quimioprofilaxis de los contactos, diagnósticos tardíos y realizados en la atención secundaria de salud en el componente de proceso, media de edad de 36 años, incremento en la incidencia y predominio en la institución cerrada provincial como los principales del componente de resultados. Conclusiones: el programa se evaluó de regular. La investigación permitió identificar brechas existentes en las acciones de prevención y control realizadas, aportando evidencias objetivas y científicas del funcionamiento del mismo, útiles en la toma de decisiones

The influence of meaningful activities in the quality of life and functional autonomy of adults with intellectual disability: A prospective study during the COVID-19 pandemic

This manuscript was published by Wiley in Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities on May 2023, available at doi: 10.1111/jar.13077.Background: The COVID-19 pandemic might negatively impact the quality of life and functional autonomy of Spanish adults with intellectual disability, and meaningful activities could prevent this negative progression. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study in Spanish adults with intellectual disability during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quality of life, functional autonomy and functional independence were measured. The meaningful activities studied were structured-leisure, community self-management, and occupational and physical activities. Results: Seventy-three participants were included in the study. Quality of life and functional autonomy significantly deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic (all p > .001). Greater participation in community self-management activities before COVID-19 was associated with less detriment to quality of life (ß = .312; p = .008), while greater participation in occupational and physical activities was associated with less detriment to the performance of instrumental activities (ß = .317; p = .016; and ß = .285; p = .030, respectively). Conclusion: People with intellectual disability living in residential homes experienced a decrease in their quality of life and functional autonomy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their involvement in community self-management activities and physical and occupational activities before the pandemic had preventive effects on the detriment to the quality of life and functional autonomy.Vicerrectorado de Igualdad, Inclusi on y Sostenibilidad at the Universidad de Granad

Tuberculosis vertebral

Introduction: tuberculosis is an infectious disease. It is a major cause of disability and death in many parts of the world. Pulmonary location is the most common, where a dissemination of the bacillus may occur and infect other organs and tissues, leading to extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including the spine. Clinical case: the case of a patient admitted in a closed-treatment unit in Pinar del Río city presented vertebral extrapulmonary tuberculosis, who initially presented respiratory symptoms and poor general status. A computed tomography [CT] of the mediastinum showed osseous lesions at vertebral level. Current treatment provided a favorable improvement. Conclusions: extrapulmonary clinical presentation is less common; however, its diagnosis is very important for this very vulnerable population group.Introducción: la tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecciosa. Es una importante causa de incapacidad y muerte en muchas zonas del mundo. Además de la localización pulmonar, que es la más frecuente, puede ocurrir una diseminación del bacilo hacia otros órganos, dando lugar a la llamada tuberculosis extrapulmonar, que puede afectar cualquier órgano o tejido, incluyendo la columna vertebral.Caso clínico: se presenta un caso con tuberculosis vertebral en un paciente de una institución cerrada de la ciudad de Pinar del Río; este debutó inicialmente con síntomas respiratorios y toma del estado general. Se le realizó una tomografía axial computarizada de mediastino que mostró lesiones óseas a nivel vertebral. El tratamiento actual resultó favorable. Conclusiones: la forma clínica extrapulmonar es de presentación menos frecuente, sin embargo, su diagnóstico es de mucha importancia en este grupo poblacional muy vulnerable

Spinal tuberculosis

Introducción: la tuberculosis es una enfermedad infecciosa. Es una importante causa de incapacidad y muerte en muchas zonas del mundo. Además de la localización pulmonar, que es la más frecuente, puede ocurrir una diseminación del bacilo hacia otros órganos, dando lugar a la llamada tuberculosis extrapulmonar, que puede afectar cualquier órgano o tejido, incluyendo la columna vertebral.Caso clínico: se presenta un caso con tuberculosis vertebral en un paciente de una institución cerrada de la ciudad de Pinar del Río; este debutó inicialmente con síntomas respiratorios y toma del estado general. Se le realizó una tomografía axial computarizada de mediastino que mostró lesiones óseas a nivel vertebral. El tratamiento actual resultó favorable. Conclusiones: la forma clínica extrapulmonar es de presentación menos frecuente, sin embargo, su diagnóstico es de mucha importancia en este grupo poblacional muy vulnerable.Introduction: tuberculosis is an infectious disease. It is a major cause of disability and death in many parts of the world. Pulmonary location is the most common, where a dissemination of the bacillus may occur and infect other organs and tissues, leading to extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including the spine. Clinical case: the case of a patient admitted in a closed-treatment unit in Pinar del Río city presented vertebral extrapulmonary tuberculosis, who initially presented respiratory symptoms and poor general status. A computed tomography [CT] of the mediastinum showed osseous lesions at vertebral level. Current treatment provided a favorable improvement. Conclusions: extrapulmonary clinical presentation is less common; however, its diagnosis is very important for this very vulnerable population group

Preclinical Evaluation of the Safety and Immunological Action of Allogeneic ADSC-Collagen Scaffolds in the Treatment of Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy

The use of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (alloADSCs) represents an attractive approach for treating myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, adding a natural support improves alloADSCs engraftment and survival in heart tissues, leading to a greater therapeutic effect. We aimed to examine the safety and immunological reaction induced by epicardial implantation of a clinical-grade collagen scaffold (CS) seeded with alloADSCs for its future application in humans. Thus, cellularized scaffolds were myocardially or subcutaneously implanted in immunosuppressed rodent models. The toxicological parameters were not significantly altered, and tumor formation was not found over the short or long term. Furthermore, biodistribution analyses in the infarcted immunocompetent rats displayed cell engraftment in the myocardium but no migration to other organs. The immunogenicity of alloADSC-CS was also evaluated in a preclinical porcine model of chronic MI; no significant humoral or cellular alloreactive responses were found. Moreover, CS cellularized with human ADSCs cocultured with human allogeneic immune cells produced no alloreactive response. Interestingly, alloADSC-CS significantly inhibited lymphocyte responses, confirming its immunomodulatory action. Thus, alloADSC-CS is likely safe and does not elicit any alloreactive immunological response in the host. Moreover, it exerts an immunomodulatory action, which supports its translation to a clinical setting

CAR density influences antitumoral efficacy of BCMA CAR T cells and correlates with clinical outcome

Identification of new markers associated with long-term efficacy in patients treated with CAR T cells is a current medical need, particularly in diseases such as multiple myeloma. In this study, we address the impact of CAR density on the functionality of BCMA CAR T cells. Functional and transcriptional studies demonstrate that CAR T cells with high expression of the CAR construct show an increased tonic signaling with up-regulation of exhaustion markers and increased in vitro cytotoxicity but a decrease in in vivo BM infiltration. Characterization of gene regulatory networks using scRNA-seq identified regulons associated to activation and exhaustion up-regulated in CARHigh T cells, providing mechanistic insights behind differential functionality of these cells. Last, we demonstrate that patients treated with CAR T cell products enriched in CARHigh T cells show a significantly worse clinical response in several hematological malignancies. In summary, our work demonstrates that CAR density plays an important role in CAR T activity with notable impact on clinical response

Concurso de cuento científico ¡Imagino la ciencia y te la cuento!

Este libro es una muestra del desarrollo del “Evento de Divulgación Tecnológica” EDT, denominado 2° Concurso de Cuento Científico ¡Imagino la Ciencia y te la Cuento!, donde se evidencia la apropiación de las habilidades lingüísticas, comunicativas y competencias lectoras, dentro de los lineamientos STEAM y habilidades para el siglo XXI; como resultado se obtiene la creatividad e imaginación de los niños de 16 instituciones educativas beneficiarias de la estrategia de Tecnoacademia Itinerante Boyacá, quienes, desde su perspectiva y diferentes vivencias, expresan el gusto por la lectura y la escritura, materializada en la construcción de cuentos que fueron leídos por un equipo de profesionales interdisciplinario y donde fueron seleccionados algunos cuentos y dibujos para esta publicación.El primer niño que fue a la luna -- El gran descubrimiento -- Hacia el futuro -- Un amor entre dos mundos -- La aventura de mis sueños -- La felicidad siempre nos espera -- Valiente valentina -- Un sueño perdido -- El científico loco -- El extraterrestre que quería vivir en la tierra -- El mejor líder -- Arkade un juego sin fin -- Experimento d-037 – Robotsing -- El viejo científico -- Fiesta en la luna -- El guardián del bosque -- 20 años de silencio -- Niveles de organización -- De los seres vivos -- Doña Lila y doña Justa -- Proyecto de inclusiòn -- Tecnoacademia “Pintando protejo la naturaleza”na123 página

Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD