Russia's economy: Before the long transition

This article explains the main stages and results of economic development in Russia since the early 1990s. It describes the process of the formation and the basic features of a three-sector economic model, as well as the reasons for its stability and existing constraints on economic growth. The authors consider the most likely scenario for the evolution of the current economic model under steadily declining export revenues. They also investigate fiscal and social risks and alternatives in economic policy

The Vicious Circle of Post-Soviet Neopatrimonialism in Russia

Published online: 10 Aug 2015, journal issue (vol.32, N5) appeared in 2016Since the collapse of Communism, Russia and some other post-Soviet states have attempted to pursue socio-economic reforms while relying upon the political institutions of neopatrimonialism. This politico-economic order was established to serve the interests of ruling groups and establish the major features of states, political regimes, and market economies. It provided numerous negative incentives for governing the economy and the state due to the unconstrained rent seeking behavior of major actors. Policy reform programs discovered these institutions to be incompatible with the priorities of modernization, and efforts to resolve these contradictions through a number of partial and compromise solutions often worsened the situation vis-à-vis preservation of the status quo. The ruling groups lack incentives for institutional changes, which could undermine their political and economic dominance, and are caught in a vicious circle: reforms often result in minor returns or cause unintended and undesired consequences. What are the possible domestic and international incentives to reject the political institutions of neopatrimonialism in post-Soviet states and replace them with inclusive economic and political ones?Peer reviewe

Russia's economy: Before the long transition

This article explains the main stages and results of economic development in Russia since the early 1990s. It describes the process of the formation and the basic features of a three-sector economic model, as well as the reasons for its stability and existing constraints on economic growth. The authors consider the most likely scenario for the evolution of the current economic model under steadily declining export revenues. They also investigate fiscal and social risks and alternatives in economic policy

Knowledge triangles in Dutch entrepreneurial ecosystems

In knowledge-based economies, long-term wealth generation depends not only on human capital and research separately but also on the complementarity between research and human capital in the creation of innovation and the feedback effects of innovation into the economy. The interaction between education, research and innovation has gained prominence with the “Knowledge Triangle” concept. In this chapter, we present an explorative study of knowledge triangles of research-education-innovation within Dutch entrepreneurial ecosystems. Knowledge triangles do not evolve in a vacuum but are part of a broader set of interdependent actors and factors that, if coordinated in an adequate way, enable entrepreneurship within a particular territory. We focus on the role of regional governance (i.e. networks and leadership) in the knowledge triangle and the entrepreneurial ecosystem more broadly. This is reflected in the main question addressed in this chapter: How is the interaction between research [knowledge] and education [talent] coordinated [by networks and leadership] to promote entrepreneurship in regional ecosystems in the Netherlands