Perencanaan Sistem Rainwater Harvesting Yang Berbasis Value Engineering

Beberapa tahun terakhir, air hujan mulai dipertimbangkan untuk memenuhi sebagian kebutuhan air domestik di perkotaan. Salah satu cara pemanfaatan air hujan untuk daerah perkotaan adalah dengan menggunakan sistem Rainwater Harvesting (RWHS). Pada penelitian ini, RWHS dicoba diterapkan pada sebuah Perumahan X yang terletak di Surabaya Barat. Terdapat beberapa komponen RWHS yang direncanakan yaitu: talang air, pipa penyaluran, dan bak tampungan. Teknik value engineering digunakan dalam proses perencanaan sistem ini untuk merencanakan sebuah sistem yang efektif dan efisien. Selain itu, metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) juga digunakan pada perencanaan sistem ini untuk mencari aspek desain prioritas menurut warga Perumahan X dan hasil analisanya akan dijadikan acuan perencanaan. Aspek desain yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah biaya, kualitas, perawatan, estetika, dan dampak lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aspek desain yang paling diprioritaskan adalah dampak lingkungan, diikuti oleh biaya dan kualitas, perawatan, dan terakhir estetika. Talang air yang dipakai adalah talang kotak 120 mm x 110 mm dengan panjang talang 13,9 m. Pipa mendatar dan pipa tegak memakai pipa tipe AW dengan diameter 3/4” dan panjang masing-masing 1,44 m dan 9,55 m. Pada perencanaan bak tampungan dipillih mengunakan bak tampungan dengan kapasitas minimal 2000 liter. Kombinasi perencanaan RWHS terbaik yang disarankan adalah talang air menggunakan talang PVC, pipa penyaluran menggunakan pipa PVC, dan bak tampungan menggunakan bak tampungan plastik dengan kapasitas 2200 liter

The happiness of small-scale dairy farmers: A case at Malang Regency of East Java, Indonesia

This study was conducted to assess the happiness of small-scale dairy cattle farmers based on sub- jective well-being conditions. The research was conducted in July-October 2020 using a survey method in the Malang Regency of East Java Province. Analysis units were 145 small-scale dairy cattle farmer households purposively selected with less than 30 heads of dairy cattle ownership and have managed their livestock farming for more than five years. Data collection was conducted through interviews about three dimensions of happiness including life satisfaction, affection, and the meaning of life. The three dimensions were divided into 19 indicators to calculate the Happiness Index. The ten Life Satis- faction indicators produced a Life Satisfaction Index of 7.43 (Happy), consisting of a Personal Life Satisfaction Index of 7.26 (Happy) and a Social Life Satisfaction Index of 7.85 (Happy). The three Af- fection indicators produced the Affection Index of 7.29 (Happy). The six Meaning of Life indicators produced the Meaning of Life Index of 7.44 (Happy). The Happiness Index of small-scale dairy cattle farmers in East Java was 7.43 and classified as ―Happy‖

Characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19 in Indonesia: Lessons from the first wave.

BackgroundIndonesia's national response to COVID-19 evolved rapidly throughout 2020. Understanding pandemic response and outcomes is crucial for better mitigation strategies ahead. This study describes the characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to ICU during the early stages of the pandemic.MethodsThis is a multi-centre prospective observational study including patients from twelve collaborating hospitals in Indonesia. All patients were clinically suspected or laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted to ICU between January 2020 and March 2021. The primary outcome was monthly ICU mortality. Descriptive statistics of patient characteristics and treatment were generated as secondary outcomes.ResultsFrom 559 subjects, the overall mortality was 68% and decreased over the study period, while the mortality of patients that received mechanical ventilation was 92%, consistently high over the study period. Fatal cases showed 2- and 4-day delays from symptoms onset to hospital admissions and ICU admissions, respectively. Evidence-backed approaches which could influence patient outcome, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, prone positioning, renal replacement therapy, and neuromuscular blockade were scarcely administered.ConclusionsThe mortality rate of COVID-19 patients in Indonesia was extremely high during the first major outbreak of disease, particularly in those mechanically ventilated. Delayed admission and unavailability of evidence-based approaches due to high burden on health facility during COVID-19 crisis could be addressed by efficient public health measures and enhancing health infrastructure to improve the future pandemic response