7 research outputs found
Multiple emission lines of H emitters at from the broad and medium-band photometry in the ZFOURGE Survey
We present a multiple emission lines study of 1300 H emitters
(HAEs) at in the ZFOURGE survey. In contrast to the traditional
spectroscopic method, our sample is selected based on the flux excess in the
ZFOURGE- broad-band data relative to the best-fit stellar continuum. Using
the same method, we also extract the strong diagnostic emission lines for these
individual HAEs: [OIII],
[OII]. Our measurements exhibit good consistency with
those obtained from spectroscopic surveys. We investigate the relationship
between the equivalent widths (EWs) of these emission lines and various galaxy
properties, including stellar mass, stellar age, star formation rate (SFR),
specific SFR (sSFR), ionization states (O32). We have identified a discrepancy
between between HAEs at and typical local star-forming galaxy
observed in the SDSS, suggesting the evolution of lower gas-phase metallicity
() and higher ionization parameters () with redshift. Notably, we have
observed a significant number of low-mass HAEs exhibiting exceptionally high
. Their galaxy properties are comparable to those of
extreme objects, such as extreme O3 emitters (O3Es) and Ly emitters
(LAEs) at . Considering that these characteristics may indicate
potential strong Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage, higher redshift anaglogs of the
low-mass HAEs could be significant contributors to the cosmic reionization.
Further investigations on this particular population are required to gain a
clearer understanding of galaxy evolution and cosmic reionization.Comment: 24 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Ap
Environmental impact on star-forming galaxies in a cluster during course of galaxy accretion
Galaxies change their properties as they assemble into clusters. In order to
understand the physics behind that, we need to go back in time and observe
directly what is occurring in galaxies as they fall into a cluster. We have
conducted a narrow-band and -band imaging survey on a cluster CL1604-D at
using a new infrared instrument SWIMS installed at the Subaru
Telescope. The narrow-band filter, NB1261, matches to H emission from
the cluster at . Combined with a wide range of existing data from
various surveys, we have investigated galaxy properties in and around this
cluster in great detail. We have identified 27 H emitters associated
with the cluster. They have significant overlap with MIPS 24m sources and
are located exclusively in the star forming regime on the rest-frame
diagram. We have identified two groups of galaxies near the cluster in the 2D
spatial distribution and the phase-space diagram, which are likely to be
in-falling to the cluster main body. We have compared various physical
properties of star forming galaxies, such as specific star formation rates
(burstiness) and morphologies (merger) as a function of environment; cluster
center, older group, younger group, and the field. As a result, a global
picture has emerged on how the galaxy properties are altered as they assemble
into a denser region. This includes the occurrence of mergers, enhancement of
star formation activity, excursion to the dusty starburst phase, and eventual
quenching to a passive phase.Comment: 19 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Error bars in
Table 2 correcte
Classifying Microscopic Images of Reactive Lymphocytosis Using Two-Step Tandem AI Models
The practical applications of automatic recognition and categorization technology for next-generation systems are desired in the clinical laboratory. We approached the identification of reactive lymphocytosis using artificial intelligence (AI) technology and studied its clinical usefulness for blood smear screening. This study created one- and two-step AI models for the identification of reactive lymphocytosis. The ResNet-101 model was applied for deep learning. The original image set for supervised AI training consisted of 5765 typical nucleated blood cell images. The subjects for clinical assessment were 25 healthy cases, 25 erythroblast cases, and 25 reactive lymphocytosis cases. The total accuracy (mean ± standard deviation) of the one- and two-step models were 0.971 ± 0.047 and 0.977 ± 0.024 in healthy, 0.938 ± 0.040 and 0.978 ± 0.018 in erythroblast, and 0.856 ± 0.056 and 0.863 ± 0.069 in reactive lymphocytosis cases, respectively. The two-step AI model showed a sensitivity of 0.960 and a specificity of 1.000 between healthy and reactive lymphocytosis cases. As our two-step tandem AI model showed high performance for identifying reactive lymphocytosis in blood smear screening, we plan to apply this method to the development of AI models to differentiate reactive and neoplastic lymphocytosis
Successful engraftment of epithelial cells derived from autologous rabbit buccal mucosal tissue, encapsulated in a polymer scaffold in a rabbit model of a urethral stricture, transplanted using the transurethral approach
Background: A pilot study reported an autologous buccal mucosal cell transplant in humans through the trans-urethral route using the buccal epithelium expanded and encapsulated in scaffold—hybrid approach to urethral stricture (BEES-HAUS), a minimally invasive approach to treat urethral stricture. Although successful outcomes were achieved in that study, for further validation, it is essential to prove that the transplanted buccal epithelium was engrafted over the urothelium through histological examination of the urethra, harvested post-transplant, which is infeasible in humans. Herein, we report the successful creation of an animal model of urethral stricture and the engraftment of epithelial cells derived from autologous buccal mucosal tissue, encapsulated in a thermo-reversible gelation polymer (TGP) scaffold, transplanted by trans-urethral route. Methods: An animal model of urethral stricture was created in Japanese white male rabbits using electro-coagulation. Buccal tissue was harvested from the rabbits and subjected to enzyme digestion, followed by 5–7 days of in vitro culture in conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture and in a 3D platform of thermo-reversible gelation polymer (3D-TGP) culture. The cells harvested from the groups were mixed and encapsulated and transplanted with TGP, by transurethral catheterization. Fourteen days later, the urethra was harvested and subjected to histological examination. The buccal biopsy tissue, cells after digestion and cells post-culture were also subjected to histological examination. Urethrogram and endoscopy images were recorded at different time points. Results: The stricture was successfully created, with the coagulated area markedly stenosed. Histological staining of the cells after in vitro processing showed that the cells grew with native epithelial and rounded cell morphology in 3D-TGP while they differentiated into fibroblast like-cells in 2D culture. Histological staining of the urethral tissue after transplantation revealed the engraftment of the transplanted buccal mucosal cells, with stratified squamous epithelium over the specialized stratified urothelium in the urethrotomy site. Conclusion: We used histology to prove the successful engraftment of TGP-encapsulated buccal mucosal epithelial cells in an animal model of urethral injury with healing of the injured tissue. The model of urethral stricture and cell therapy, using a transurethral approach, recapitulates the previously reported BEES-HAUS approach and lays the foundation for larger multi-centric translational clinical studies
EMPRESS. VIII. A New Determination of Primordial He Abundance with Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies: A Suggestion of the Lepton Asymmetry and Implications for the Hubble Tension
The primordial He abundance is a powerful probe of cosmology.
Currently, is best determined by observations of metal-poor galaxies,
while there are only a few known local extremely metal-poor ()
galaxies (EMPGs) having reliable He/H measurements with HeI10830
near-infrared (NIR) emission. Here we present deep Subaru NIR spectroscopy and
He/H determinations for 10 EMPGs, combining the existing optical data and the
Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Adding the existing 3 EMPGs and 51
moderately metal-poor () galaxies with reliable He/H
estimates, we obtain by linear regression in
the (He/H)-(O/H) plane, where our observations increase the number of EMPGs
from 3 to 13 anchoring He/H of the most metal-poor gas in galaxies. Although
our measurement and previous measurements are consistent, our result is
slightly (~ 1) smaller due to our EMPGs. Including the existing
primordial deuterium constraints, we estimate the effective number of
neutrino species to be showing a > 2
tension with the Standard Model value (), which may be a hint of
an asymmetry in electron-neutrino and anti-electron neutrino
. Allowing the degeneracy parameter of electron-neutrino
to vary as well as and the baryon-to-photon ratio , we obtain
= , , and
from the and measurements
with a prior of taken from Planck Collaboration et al. (2020). Our
constraints suggest a asymmetry and allow for a high
value of within the 1 level, which could mitigate the Hubble
tension.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Ap