4 research outputs found
Channel Model of Molecular Communication via Diffusion in a Vessel-like Environment Considering a Partially Covering Receiver
By considering potential health problems that a fully covering receiver may
cause in vessel-like environments, the implementation of a partially covering
receiver is needed. To this end, distribution of hitting location of messenger
molecules (MM) is analyzed within the context of molecular communication via
diffusion with the aim of channel modeling. The distribution of these MMs for a
fully covering receiver is analyzed in two parts: angular and radial
dimensions. For the angular distribution analysis, the receiver is divided into
180 slices to analyze the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of
variation of these slices. For the axial distance distribution analysis,
Kolmogorov- Smirnov test is applied for different significance levels. Also,
two different implementations of the reflection from the vessel surface (i.e.,
rollback and elastic reflection) are compared and mathematical representation
of elastic reflection is given. The results show that MMs have tendency to
spread uniformly beyond a certain ratio of the distance to the vessel radius.
By utilizing the uniformity, we propose a channel model for the partially
covering receiver in vessel-like environments and validate the proposed model
by simulations
MOL-Eye: A New Metric for the Performance Evaluation of a Molecular Signal
Inspired by the eye diagram in classical radio frequency (RF) based
communications, the MOL-Eye diagram is proposed for the performance evaluation
of a molecular signal within the context of molecular communication. Utilizing
various features of this diagram, three new metrics for the performance
evaluation of a molecular signal, namely the maximum eye height, standard
deviation of received molecules, and counting SNR (CSNR) are introduced. The
applicability of these performance metrics in this domain is verified by
comparing the performance of binary concentration shift keying (BCSK) and BCSK
with consecutive power adjustment (BCSK-CPA) modulation techniques in a
vessel-like environment with laminar flow. The results show that, in addition
to classical performance metrics such as bit-error rate and channel capacity,
these performance metrics can also be used to show the advantage of an
efficient modulation technique over a simpler one
A Survey on Modulation Techniques in Molecular Communication via Diffusion
This survey paper focuses on modulation aspects of molecular communication,
an emerging field focused on building biologically-inspired systems that embed
data within chemical signals. The primary challenges in designing these systems
are how to encode and modulate information onto chemical signals, and how to
design a receiver that can detect and decode the information from the corrupted
chemical signal observed at the destination. In this paper, we focus on
modulation design for molecular communication via diffusion systems. In these
systems, chemical signals are transported using diffusion, possibly assisted by
flow, from the transmitter to the receiver. This tutorial presents recent
advancements in modulation and demodulation schemes for molecular communication
via diffusion. We compare five different modulation types: concentration-based,
type-based, timing-based, spatial, and higher-order modulation techniques. The
end-to-end system designs for each modulation scheme are presented. In
addition, the key metrics used in the literature to evaluate the performance of
these techniques are also presented. Finally, we provide a numerical bit error
rate comparison of prominent modulation techniques using analytical models. We
close the tutorial with a discussion of key open issues and future research
directions for design of molecular communication via diffusion systems.Comment: Preprint of the accepted manuscript for publication in IEEE Surveys
and Tutorial