2 research outputs found
All-optically untangling light propagation through multimode fibres
When light propagates through a complex medium, such as a multimode optical
fibre (MMF), the spatial information it carries is scrambled. In this work we
experimentally demonstrate an all-optical strategy to unscramble this light
again. We first create a digital model capturing the way light has been
scattered, and then use this model to inverse-design and build a complementary
optical system - which we call an optical inverter - that reverses this
scattering process. Our implementation of this concept is based on multi-plane
light conversion, and can also be understood as a diffractive artificial neural
network or a physical matrix pre-conditioner. We present three design
strategies allowing different aspects of device performance to be prioritised.
We experimentally demonstrate a prototype optical inverter capable of
simultaneously unscrambling up to 30 spatial modes that have propagated through
a 1m long MMF, and show how this enables near instantaneous incoherent imaging,
without the need for any beam scanning or computational processing. We also
demonstrate the reconfigurable nature of this prototype, allowing it to adapt
and deliver a new optical transformation if the MMF it is matched to changes
configuration. Our work represents a first step towards a new way to see
through scattering media. Beyond imaging, this concept may also have
applications to the fields of optical communications, optical computing and
quantum photonics.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figure
High-dimensional spatial mode sorting and optical circuit design using multi-plane light conversion
Multi-plane light converters (MPLCs) are an emerging class of optical device
capable of converting a set of input spatial light modes to a new target set of
output modes. This operation represents a linear optical transformation - a
much sought after capability in photonics. MPLCs have potential applications in
both the classical and quantum optics domains, in fields ranging from optical
communications, to optical computing and imaging. They consist of a series of
diffractive optical elements (the 'planes'), typically separated by free-space.
The phase delays imparted by each plane are determined by the process of
inverse-design, most often using an adjoint algorithm known as the wavefront
matching method (WMM), which optimises the correlation between the target and
actual MPLC outputs. In this work we investigate high mode capacity MPLCs to
create arbitrary spatial mode sorters and linear optical circuits. We focus on
designs possessing low numbers of phase planes to render these MPLCs
experimentally feasible. To best control light in this scenario, we develop a
new inverse-design algorithm, based on gradient ascent with a specifically
tailored objective function, and show how in the low-plane limit it converges
to MPLC designs with substantially lower modal cross-talk and higher fidelity
than achievable using the WMM. We experimentally demonstrate several prototype
few-plane high-dimensional spatial mode sorters, operating on up to 55 modes,
capable of sorting photons based on their Zernike mode, orbital angular
momentum state, or an arbitrarily randomized spatial mode basis. We discuss the
advantages and drawbacks of these proof-of-principle prototypes, and describe
future improvements. Our work points to a bright future for high-dimensional
MPLC-based technologies