3 research outputs found
Cost-effectiveness of a multitarget stool DNA test for colorectal cancer screening of Medicare beneficiaries
Background
In 2014, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) began covering a multitarget stool DNA (mtSDNA) test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening of Medicare beneficiaries. In this study, we evaluate
Cost-Effectiveness of Risk-Stratified Colorectal Cancer Screening Based on Polygenic Risk: Current Status and Future Potential
Background: Although uniform colonoscopy screening reduces colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality, risk-based screening may
be more efficient. We investigated whether CRC screening based on polygenic risk is a cost-effective alternative to current
uniform screening, and if not, under what conditions it would be.
Methods: The MISCAN-Colon model was used to simulate a hypothetical cohort of US 40-year-olds. Uniform
screening was modeled as colonoscopy screening at ages 50, 60, and 70 years. For risk-stratified screening, individuals
underwent polygenic testing with current and potential future discriminatory performance (area under the receiveroperating curve [AUC] of 0.60 and 0.65–0.80, respectively). Polygenic testing results were used to create risk groups, for
which colonoscopy screening was optimized by varying the start age (40–60 years), en
Clarifying differences in natural history between models of screening: The case of colorectal cancer
Background. Microsimulation models are important decision support tools for screening. However, their complexity makes them difficult to understand and limits realization of their full potential. Therefore, it is important to develop documentation that clarifies their structure and assumptions. The authors demonstrate this problem and explore a solution for natural history using 3 independently developed colorectal cancer screening models. Methods. The authors first project effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of colonoscopy screening for the 3 models (CRC-SPIN, SimCRC, and MISCAN). Next, they provide a conventional presentation of each model, including information on structure and parameter values. Finally, they report the sim