22 research outputs found
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A Primer on U.S. Strategic Nuclear Policy
This primer presents a succinct summary of the evolution of U.S. nuclear deterrence policy from the initial development of nuclear weapons until the present day. This is not a definitive history but an introduction to deterrence policy for those with limited background in this area. The concept of deterrence is discussed in several ways--in a general description of deterrence theory, in an historical review of nuclear policy evolution, in a discussion of the future of deterrence, in historical examples of deterrence successes and failures, and in a review of significant contributors to the study of nuclear policy. The intent is to present an authoritative, unclassified account. To accomplish this, to the extent possible, primary source documents were located and utilized if they were available and declassified. These included unclassified Presidential nuclear policy guidance from the Presidential libraries, official JCS histories and State Department Foreign Relations histories. The writings of noted nuclear strategists and historians were also valuable resources for this primer on U.S. strategic nuclear policy
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Development of the Capabilities to Analyze the Vulnerability of Bulk Power Systems
Cellular distribution and linkage of D-(-)-3-hydroxy fatty acids in Bacteroides species.
Two strains of Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and two strains of Bacteroides fragilis were analyzed for total fatty acid, total lipid fatty acid, and total bound fatty acid profiles. Extracted lipids and defatted cell residues were subjected to sequential alkaline and acid methanolyses to distinguish ester- and amide-linked fatty acids in each fraction. In the lipid fractions, all the ester-linked fatty acids were nonhydroxylated, whereas all of the amide-linked fatty acids were hydroxylated. In the nonextractable fractions, both hydroxy and nonhydroxy fatty acids were found in both ester and amide linkage, although hydroxy acids predominated. The fatty acid profiles of the bound fractions differed widely from those of the lipid fractions. Bound fatty acid represented approximately 10% of the total cellular fatty acids