Estimation of springback of stainless steel sheet part taking influence of anisotropic property of plastic-deformation-dependent young's modulus into account

A kinematic hardening model proposed by Yoshida and Uemori (Y-U model) was applied to the prediction of springback of stainless steel sheet part. From the experiments for the determination of the material constants, an anisotropic property of change in Young’s modulus was observed; namely, the anisotropy was different at 0°, 45° and 90° from the rolling direction. The Y-U model for the stainless steel sheet was used to a calculation of a forming process of a part to examine the accuracy of the prediction of the springback by compar-ing the calculated result with the actual part formed. In order to consider the anisotropic property of change in Young’s modulus, the calculated result to the actual part formed. In order to consider the anisotropic property of the change in Young’s modulus, the calculations were performed using the different material constants at 0°, 45° and 90° from the rolling direction. With the material constants at 90° from the rolling direction, which was the direction of springback of the part, the prediction accuracy can be improved. Therefore, the consideration of the anisotropic property of the change in Young’s modulus was found to be effective for more accurate prediction of the springback of the stainless steel part

Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase is a key modulator of physiological neurogenesis and anxiety-related behavior in mice

Although nutrients, including amino acids and their metabolites such as serotonin (5-HT), are strong modulators of anxiety-related behavior, the metabolic pathway(s) responsible for this physiological modulation is not fully understood. Regarding tryptophan (Trp), the initial rate-limiting enzymes for the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism are tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). Here, we generated mice deficient for tdo (Tdo-/-). Compared with wild-type littermates, Tdo-/- mice showed increased plasma levels of Trp and its metabolites 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and kynurenine, as well as increased levels of Trp, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in the hippocampus and midbrain. These mice also showed anxiolytic modulation in the elevated plus maze and open field tests, and increased adult neurogenesis, as evidenced by double staining of BrdU and neural progenitor/neuronal markers. These findings demonstrate a direct molecular link between Trp metabolism and neurogenesis and anxiety-related behavior under physiological conditions

Contribution of umami taste substances in human salivation during meal

The oral gustatory perception during a meal has very important physiological roles such as inducing appetite, smoothing mastication and swallowing, promoting digestion and each nutrient availability. One hundred years ago, L-glutamate was discovered as a new taste substance in Japan. Since then, Japanese taste physiologists have lead the research to establish L-glutamate as the prototype molecule for the fifth basic taste (umami taste), in addition to saltiness, sweetness, bitterness and sourness. Meanwhile, various lines of evidence demonstrated that taste perception is linked to taste stimulioral/ pharyngeal reflexes. In this review, we focus on the efficacy of L-glutamate for human salivation and discuss the possible application of umami taste simulation to the nutritional management for the elderly due to amelioration of their quality of life (QOL)

Stand der phosphatfreien Umformung - ein internationaler Vergleich

Phosphatfreie Schmierstoffsysteme sind in der heutigen Produktion nicht mehr unüblich. Nachdem in Japan erste Produkte im Jahr 1999 entwickelt wurden hat der europäische Markt, insbesondere in Deutschland, aufgeschlossen. Während zu Beginn nur einfache Prozesse phosphatfrei durchführbar waren sind mittlerweile mehrstufige Umformungen mit hohen tribologischen Lasten prozesssicher möglich. Der Schmierstoff kann dabei inline im Pressentakt mit bis zu 30 Teilen/Minute aufgebracht werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit legt den Stand der Technik bei Zinkphosphatschichten dar, zeigt Beweggründe für den Wechsel zu phosphatfreien Systemen auf und stellt alternative Schmierstoffsysteme vor. Weiterhin werden erfolgreich realisierte Anwendungen in der Industrie thematisiert

An Anisotropic Damage Model for Prediction of Ductile Fracture during Cold-Forging

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State of the art in phosphate-free lubrication in cold forging

The need for phosphate-free lubrication systems becomes more and more important in today’s industrial applications. Since the legislation “REACH” was introduced in the year 2007, lubrication suppliers all around the world put a lot of effort into the development of alternative lubrication systems in order to replace the system “zinc-phosphate + lubricant”. On the other hand, phosphate based systems also received changes in order to meet economical and ecological aspects. The paper at hand analyses the state of the art in phosphate-based coatings, discusses motivations for changes and introduces possible applications in the production process for phosphate-free lubrication systems. Furthermore, it presents suitable tribological test stands for an evaluation of phosphate-free lubrication systems and depicts industrial realizations with success stories and residual limitations

An Anisotropic Damage Model for Prediction of Ductile Fracture during Cold-Forging

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