REASONS FOR PARTICIPATING IN SPORT FROM PERSPECTIVE OF CHILDREN PARTICIPATING IN SPORT

Uzimajući u obzir sjedilački način života koja je prisutna već i kod djece, postavlja se pitanje na koji način motivirati djecu za aktivnije uključivanje u sport. Kako bi se to moglo ostvariti na najbolji način, potrebno je ispitati trenutne razloge uključivanja u sport i djelovati u području koji se pokaže najboljim. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos razloga bavljenja sportom djece i roditelja te sociodemografskih varijabli (spola, dobi). U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 54 sudionika, djece koja se bave nogometom (15 djevojčica, 39 dječaka), u dobi od 6 do 12 godina (M=9.2, SD=2). Uzorak je bio namjerni i prigodni, kreiran s obzirom na dostupnost sudionika. Korištena su četiri upitnika kreirana posebno za ovo istraživanje („Upitnik za djecu sportaše“, „Zašto se baviš sportom?“, „Ponašanje tvojih roditelja prema sportu“ i „Zadovoljstvo trenerom, treninzima i sportskim objektom“). Rezultati su pokazali da postoje spolne i dobne razlike u razlozima uključivanja u sport te da postoji pozitivna korelacija nekih motivacijskih faktora za bavljenje sportom djece i roditelja (zdravlje, druženje s prijateljima i želja roditelja/djeteta). Druženje s prijateljima, zadovoljstvo bavljenja sportom i mogućnost da ih sport učini slavnima se pokazalo kao jači motivacijski faktor kod dječaka nego kod djevojčica. Utjecaj prijatelja je daleko važniji u starijoj dobnoj skupini kao motivacija za početak bavljenja sportom.Taking into account the sedentary lifestyle present already in children, we have to ask a question what motivates children to be more actively involved in sport. In order to be able to achieve that at the best way, it is necessary to examine the current differences of inclusion and sports and act in the area that is shown the best. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children and parents of sociodemographic variables (gender, age). There were 54 participants, children playing footbal (15 girls, 39 boys), 6 to 12 years of age (M = 9.2, SD = 2). The sample was intentional and commendable, created due to the attendance of the participants. Four questionnaires were created specifically for this research („Questionnaire for Children of Athletes“, „Why Do You Engage in Sport?“, „Your Parents Behaviour Toward Sports“ and „Satisfaction with Trainers, Trainings and Sports Facilities“). The results have shown that there are gender and age differences in inclusion in sports and that there is a positive correlation between some motivational factors for sports children and parents. Relationship with friends, the enjoyment of sports and the possibility that sport can make you famous proved to be a stronger motivational factor for boys than for girls. The influence of a friend is far more important in the older age group as a motivation for starting a sport

REASONS FOR PARTICIPATING IN SPORT FROM PERSPECTIVE OF CHILDREN PARTICIPATING IN SPORT

Uzimajući u obzir sjedilački način života koja je prisutna već i kod djece, postavlja se pitanje na koji način motivirati djecu za aktivnije uključivanje u sport. Kako bi se to moglo ostvariti na najbolji način, potrebno je ispitati trenutne razloge uključivanja u sport i djelovati u području koji se pokaže najboljim. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos razloga bavljenja sportom djece i roditelja te sociodemografskih varijabli (spola, dobi). U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 54 sudionika, djece koja se bave nogometom (15 djevojčica, 39 dječaka), u dobi od 6 do 12 godina (M=9.2, SD=2). Uzorak je bio namjerni i prigodni, kreiran s obzirom na dostupnost sudionika. Korištena su četiri upitnika kreirana posebno za ovo istraživanje („Upitnik za djecu sportaše“, „Zašto se baviš sportom?“, „Ponašanje tvojih roditelja prema sportu“ i „Zadovoljstvo trenerom, treninzima i sportskim objektom“). Rezultati su pokazali da postoje spolne i dobne razlike u razlozima uključivanja u sport te da postoji pozitivna korelacija nekih motivacijskih faktora za bavljenje sportom djece i roditelja (zdravlje, druženje s prijateljima i želja roditelja/djeteta). Druženje s prijateljima, zadovoljstvo bavljenja sportom i mogućnost da ih sport učini slavnima se pokazalo kao jači motivacijski faktor kod dječaka nego kod djevojčica. Utjecaj prijatelja je daleko važniji u starijoj dobnoj skupini kao motivacija za početak bavljenja sportom.Taking into account the sedentary lifestyle present already in children, we have to ask a question what motivates children to be more actively involved in sport. In order to be able to achieve that at the best way, it is necessary to examine the current differences of inclusion and sports and act in the area that is shown the best. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children and parents of sociodemographic variables (gender, age). There were 54 participants, children playing footbal (15 girls, 39 boys), 6 to 12 years of age (M = 9.2, SD = 2). The sample was intentional and commendable, created due to the attendance of the participants. Four questionnaires were created specifically for this research („Questionnaire for Children of Athletes“, „Why Do You Engage in Sport?“, „Your Parents Behaviour Toward Sports“ and „Satisfaction with Trainers, Trainings and Sports Facilities“). The results have shown that there are gender and age differences in inclusion in sports and that there is a positive correlation between some motivational factors for sports children and parents. Relationship with friends, the enjoyment of sports and the possibility that sport can make you famous proved to be a stronger motivational factor for boys than for girls. The influence of a friend is far more important in the older age group as a motivation for starting a sport

Voltammetric determination of linuron insecticide in methanol using a boron doped, glassy carbon and commercial glassy carbon electrode

This paper presents voltametric studies of the linuron insecticide (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1methoxy-1-methylureum) on a boron doped glassy carbon (GCB), glassy carbon (GC) prepared in our laboratory and commercial glassy carbon electrode. The method, operated in the differential pulse voltammetric mode, works in the concetracion range from 0.62 to 26.09 mg L-1. We determined a peak potential, Ep, (1.25V), linear range and LOD for linuron in the sulfuric acid as a supporting electrolyte (pH=0.7) for all applied electrodes. GCB shows the broadest linear range and sensitivity. This appears to be the first aplication of a boron doped glassy carbon electrode to the voltammetric determination of linuron insecticide

Glassy carbon and boron doped glassy carbon electrodes for voltammetric determination of linuron herbicide in the selected samples

In this study the application of home-made unmodified (GC) and bulk modified boron doped glassy carbon (GCB) electrodes for the voltammetric determination of the linuron was investigated. The electrodes were synthesized with a moderate temperature treatment (1000A degrees C). Obtained results were compared with the electrochemical determination of the linuron using a commercial glassy carbon electrode (GC-Metrohm). The peak potential (E (p) ) of linuron oxidation in 0.1 mol dm(-3) H2SO4 as electrolyte was similar for all applied electrodes: 1.31, 1.34 and 1.28 V for GCB, GC and GC-Metrohm electrodes, respectively. Potential of linuron oxidation and current density depend on the pH of supporting electrolyte. Applying GCB and GC-Metrohm electrodes the most intensive electrochemical response for linuron was obtained in strongly acidic solution (0.1 mol dm(-3) H2SO4). Applying the boron doped glassy carbon electrode the broadest linear range (0.005-0.1 A mu mol cm(-3)) for the linuron determination was obtained. The results of voltammetric determination of the linuron in spiked water samples showed good correlation between added and found amounts of linuron and also are in good agreement with the results obtained by HPLC-UV method. This appears to be the first application of a boron doped glassy carbon electrode for voltammetric determination of the environmental important compounds

REASONS FOR PARTICIPATING IN SPORT FROM PERSPECTIVE OF CHILDREN PARTICIPATING IN SPORT

Uzimajući u obzir sjedilački način života koja je prisutna već i kod djece, postavlja se pitanje na koji način motivirati djecu za aktivnije uključivanje u sport. Kako bi se to moglo ostvariti na najbolji način, potrebno je ispitati trenutne razloge uključivanja u sport i djelovati u području koji se pokaže najboljim. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati odnos razloga bavljenja sportom djece i roditelja te sociodemografskih varijabli (spola, dobi). U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 54 sudionika, djece koja se bave nogometom (15 djevojčica, 39 dječaka), u dobi od 6 do 12 godina (M=9.2, SD=2). Uzorak je bio namjerni i prigodni, kreiran s obzirom na dostupnost sudionika. Korištena su četiri upitnika kreirana posebno za ovo istraživanje („Upitnik za djecu sportaše“, „Zašto se baviš sportom?“, „Ponašanje tvojih roditelja prema sportu“ i „Zadovoljstvo trenerom, treninzima i sportskim objektom“). Rezultati su pokazali da postoje spolne i dobne razlike u razlozima uključivanja u sport te da postoji pozitivna korelacija nekih motivacijskih faktora za bavljenje sportom djece i roditelja (zdravlje, druženje s prijateljima i želja roditelja/djeteta). Druženje s prijateljima, zadovoljstvo bavljenja sportom i mogućnost da ih sport učini slavnima se pokazalo kao jači motivacijski faktor kod dječaka nego kod djevojčica. Utjecaj prijatelja je daleko važniji u starijoj dobnoj skupini kao motivacija za početak bavljenja sportom.Taking into account the sedentary lifestyle present already in children, we have to ask a question what motivates children to be more actively involved in sport. In order to be able to achieve that at the best way, it is necessary to examine the current differences of inclusion and sports and act in the area that is shown the best. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between children and parents of sociodemographic variables (gender, age). There were 54 participants, children playing footbal (15 girls, 39 boys), 6 to 12 years of age (M = 9.2, SD = 2). The sample was intentional and commendable, created due to the attendance of the participants. Four questionnaires were created specifically for this research („Questionnaire for Children of Athletes“, „Why Do You Engage in Sport?“, „Your Parents Behaviour Toward Sports“ and „Satisfaction with Trainers, Trainings and Sports Facilities“). The results have shown that there are gender and age differences in inclusion in sports and that there is a positive correlation between some motivational factors for sports children and parents. Relationship with friends, the enjoyment of sports and the possibility that sport can make you famous proved to be a stronger motivational factor for boys than for girls. The influence of a friend is far more important in the older age group as a motivation for starting a sport

Simultaneous Removal of Divalent Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions Using Raw and Mechanochemically Treated Interstratified Montmorillonite/Kaolinite Clay

The removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) from aqueous solutions using (un)modified Serbian interstratified montmorillonite/kaolinite clay as an adsorbent was investigated. The clay was modified by mechanochemical activation for different time periods. X-ray diffraction patterns and particle size distributions were used to characterize the samples. Batch adsorption studies were conducted to optimize various conditions. The adsorption equilibrium was established within 60 min, and the maximum adsorption occurred in the pH range of 4.5–6.5. The milled clays exhibited greater equilibrium adsorption capacities (qe) for all of the metals than the raw clay. A difference in qe values for clays milled for 2 and 19 h could be observed only for initial concentrations (Ci) of ≥100 mg dm–3. This was related to the amorphization (i.e., exfoliation) of 19-h-milled clay particles. The adsorption equilibrium data of heavy metals on both raw and modified clays fit the Langmuir equation, although there were changes in the microstructure of the clay. The mechanochemical treatment of the clay reduced the amount of adsorbent necessary to achieve a highly efficient removal of heavy metals by a factor of 5. Thus, the mechanochemically treated interstratified clay can be considered as an efficient adsorbent for the simultaneous removal of divalent heavy metals

Influence of ageing of milled clay and its composite with TiO2 on the heavy metal adsorption characteristics

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ageing of mechanochemically synthesized clay and its TiO2 composite on the simultaneous removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions from acidic aqueous solutions. The effect of different ageing times on sorption behavior of 1, 2, 10 and 19 h milled clays, as well as the clay composite with 20 wt% of amorphous TiO2 (TiO2,a), was investigated. Ageing of the milled clays has stronger influence on the removal of Zn(II) and Cd(II) than on the removal of Pb(II) and Cu(1) ions. Ageing is particularly pronounced for the samples milled for 1, 2 and 10 h (which lost enhanced sorption properties after 3 months of ageing), and less pronounced for the samples milled longer period of time, 19 h (which retained sorption properties until 6 months). After these periods of time sorption capacities became nearly the same as the sorption capacities of the raw (unmilled) clay. The different responses on the ageing process of milled clays and composite are a consequence of microstructural changes such as recrystallization of montmorillonite phase and decrease in particle sizes. Slower ageing of composite compare to the milled clays can be related to the stabilization effect of TiO2 particles which are dispersed in the clay matrix thus preventing recrystallization of the sample particles. Only a slight tendency towards the formation of agglomerations was noticed after 12 months of ageing. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved