ARF1 is directly involved in dynamin-independent endocytosis

Endocytosis of glycosylphosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) and the fluid phase takes place primarily through a dynamin- and clathrin-independent, Cdc42-regulated pinocytic mechanism. This mechanism is mediated by primary carriers called clathrin-independent carriers (CLICs), which fuse to form tubular early endocytic compartments called GPI-AP enriched endosomal compartments (GEECs). Here, we show that reduction in activity or levels of ARF1 specifically inhibits GPI-AP and fluid-phase endocytosis without affecting other clathrin-dependent or independent endocytic pathways. ARF1 is activated at distinct sites on the plasma membrane, and by the recruitment of RhoGAP domain-containing protein, ARHGAP10, to the plasma membrane, modulates cell-surface Cdc42 dynamics. This results in the coupling of ARF1 and Cdc42 activity to regulate endocytosis at the plasma membrane. These findings provide a molecular basis for a crosstalk of endocytosis with secretion by the sharing of a key regulator of secretory traffic, ARF1

Modified biophysical profile in high-risk pregnancy and its correlation with perinatal outcome

Background: Aim of the present study was to evaluate the perinatal outcome in high-risk pregnancy with modified biophysical profile (MBPP). Methods: The study is observational study,65 high risk pregnant women fulfilling the inclusion criteria participated in the study. The study subjects were subjected to MBPP. Then perinatal outcomes were assessed in view of mode of delivery, maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Results: Out of 65 cases, 78.5% had normal NST, 80% had normal AFI.3 neonates got admitted in NICU. 13 women underwent LSCS, 9 had instrumental delivery and rest delivered vaginally normal. Conclusions: The study showed that HRPs with MBPP abnormal or any of MBPP parameter abnormal have higher chances of perinatal morbidity and mortality

Neuroimaging in eclamptic patients and its clinical implications

Background: Aim of the study is to assess the utility of neuroimaging (CT/MRI) in eclamptic patients and correlating their clinical implications and to study the role of Injection Mannitol in case of Eclampsia who did not respond to injection magnesium sulphate alone. Methods: This prospective study was conducted in Pannadhay Mahila Chikitsalya Udaipur, RNT Medical College Udaipur, Rajasthan. 50 eclamptic patients fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were subjected to neuroimaging CT/MRI from August 2021 to August 2022. Injection Mannitol was added in eclamptic patients who did not respond to injection magnesium sulphate alone. Results: In this study neuroimaging were normal in 42% cases while 58% cases had pathological changes; PRES, haemorrhage, infarction, ischemia etc. Out of these PRES was seen in 48% cases. Mannitol was given in 14% patients and only one patient did not respond to mannitol. Conclusions: This study revealed that PRES was the main neurological component among patients. Neuroimaging helps in better management of eclampsia. Mannitol holds utility in managing the patients unresponsive to injection magnesium sulphate.

Study of association of socio-demographic characteristics with the knowledge about sex determination and preconception and prenatal diagnostic technique act among pregnant women

Background: Preconception and prenatal diagnostic technique Act was amended in year 2003 which provides for prohibition of sex selection before and after conception and for regulation of prenatal diagnostic technique.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in antenatal ward of GSVM Medical College Kanpur during the period of January to December 2019. A total of 2500 pregnant women were included and predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to get information regarding socio-demographic details of pregnant women. They were asked regarding the knowledge and attitude towards the PC-PNDT Act. Data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft excel and SPSS-12. Results: In the present study, out of 2500 women, 2125 (85%) knew about sex determination while 125 (5%) knew about PNDT Act. There was significant association of occupation, education and annual income with knowledge. Majority of women know about PC-PNDT act from health staff and ultrasonography was the main technique they know to detect sex determination. Conclusions: The falling ratio of girl child is a matter of grave concern. Effective implementation of the PNDT Act in addition to spreading awareness about this act among people is the need of the hour. Educating the community will prevent the decline in sex ratio and female feticide through PC-PNDT Act

PRIORITISATION OF FACTORS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION BY BANKING CUSTOMERS IN INDIA: EVIDENCE USING THE DEMATEL APPROACH

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a concept of recent origin and is accepted for banking activities such as customer service, detection of fraudulent activities, and suspicious transactions. For the successful implementation of AI in the Indian context, a deep understanding is required in terms of its need and importance compared to the traditional banking system. To date, this outlook of AI has been less focused by industry practitioners and experts for the smooth flow of operational procedures in banks for developing countries, for example, India. This study aims to unearth factors and establish a relationship among the identified factors through the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) approach to categorize the factors and frame the cause-and-effect relationships. Fifteen factors are identified through a literature review of existing studies, and ten experts were solicited to express their outlook on this subject. The result indicated that 'Transparency of information,' 'Perceived security of AI-based technology,' 'Social influence on customer,' 'Government regulation of AI in banks,' 'Awareness level of AI,' 'Efficiency of AI system,' 'Technical requirement,' and 'Cost of AI-based technology' were causative factors that support customer acceptance and penetration of AI in banks. The study presents a unique approach to customer acceptability towards AI in banks in developing countries using the DEMATEL technique. This study also discusses the possible area for the adaption of AI in Indian banks. The findings will support policymakers and practitioners in executing AI-based technologies in the banking sector in emerging nations

A rare case of genital myiasis in genital prolapse

Genital myiasis is an infestation by fly larvae in genital organs, where they feed and develop as parasites. They can cause severe infection, inflammatory reaction and can be linked to psychiatric disturbances. Commonly cutaneous, ophthalmic, auricular and nasopharyngeal myiasis are seen, with genital myiasis being a rare condition. We reported a case of an 82-year-old postmenopausal female who presented with the complaint of intense pain in genital region. After clinical evaluation she was clinically diagnosed as a case of genital myiasis of prolapsed uterus. Myiasis of the genital organ is a rare clinical entity. Good personal hygiene and proper sanitary conditions are very crucial for prevention of myiasis

Association of metabolic syndrome and endometrial pathologies in postmenopausal women

Background: The menopausal state may predispose the women to the development of metabolic syndrome as its prevalence has been reported to increase after the attainment of menopause. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in post-menopausal women and to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and endometrial pathologies in post-menopausal women. Methods: An observational study conducted at gynecology OPD of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur and Total 80 post-menopausal women who had history of at least 1 year cessation of menses. Results: Endometrial pathology was present in 63.2% of patients with metabolic syndrome and in 38.1% of patients without metabolic syndrome. The association between endometrial pathology and metabolic syndrome was found to be statistically significant (p=0.025). The highest incidence was found for fasting glucose (86.8%) followed by blood pressure (81.5%), high triglycerides (81%), low HDL (60.5%), and waist circumference (23.6%). Waist circumference, triglyceride, HDL, diabetes, waist circumference had postulated to be predictors for endometrial pathology. Conclusions: Endometrial cancer is a type of metabolic syndrome-related tumor. Elucidating the specific roles and the possible mechanisms of metabolic syndrome in pathogenesis of endometrial cancer is expected to provide a new target for the early prevention and treatment of endometrial cancer

Correlation of non-stress test with fetal outcome in term of Apgar score- a prospective observation study

Background: Non-stress test (NST) is a graphical recording of changes in fetal heart activity and uterine contraction along with fetal movement when uterus is quiescent. The objectives of antepartum fetal surveillance are to prevent fetal death and avoidance of unnecessary intervention. This study using NST as a tool for routine antepartum fetal surveillance was trying to catch up those fetuses who might be at risk in womb and provide prompt intervention in otherwise considered normal pregnancies without any obvious high risk factor thus giving the best outcome in mothers.Methods: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation of the non-stress test with fetal outcome in pregnancies from 37-42 weeks of gestation.  This was a prospective observational study at Pannadhaya Rajkiya Mahila Chikitsalya Udaipur (Rajasthan) from February 2022 to July 2022. This study included 100 normal pregnant mothers from 37 weeks to 42 weeks who were subjected to NST.Results: The parameters of poor fetal outcome like Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes had increased incidences in the non reactive group.Conclusions: NST tells about acute fetal hypoxia and decision to delivery time can be made for those patients with fetal distress so that a major improvement in the outcome among parturient can be achieved with abnormal NST results. So This study suggested that the NST was found to be a good predictor of the healthy foetus even in normal pregnancies between 37-42 weeks of gestation and the probability of an adverse outcome such as poor Apgar score increases with a non reactive strip

Sustainable Utilization of Renewable Plant – Based Material for the Green Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles

Despite the fact that biotechnology and nanotechnology have been developed for ages to assist vastly different domains including medical, industry, human health, and welfare, they have achieved impressive strides recently. The creation of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) quickly, sustainably, and without toxicity is crucial for the field of nanobiotechnology. An emerging field is the synthesis of metallic NPs (AgNPs, AuNPs, PtNPs, PdNPs, SeNPs, CuNPs, MgONPs etc.) using biological systems, particularly plants. Plant tissues, extracts, extrude, and other plant parts have all been widely employed to make metallic nanoparticles. If plant-based NPs are created extracellularly and their size, shape, and dispersion are managed, the benefit of using them can be exponentially ramped up. In order to produce nanoparticles on a large scale industrially, it is suggested that “green” synthesis of nanoparticles be a feasible prospect. This is because it is extremely very cost-effective. Plant-based NPs have identified a niche to demonstrate their application in every area of research, including agriculture, health, and the solution to the world’s energy dilemma. In this light, the current chapter makes an effort to emphasis the environmentally friendly methods of “green” nanomaterial synthesis, characterization, and applications across different industries

Retroperitoneal Primary Yolk Sac Tumour in Adult Male

Yolk sac tumour also called as endodermal sinus tumour is a malignant germ cell tumour. Extra gonadal germ cell tumours are very rare. The most common extra gonadal site is mediastinum. Retroperitoneum is the second most common site of occurence. We report a case of a primary extragonadal yolk sac tumour in an adult male who presented with abdominal pain, Imaging showed a very large retroperitoneal mass. Histopathology of the biopsied specimen showed it as a Yolksac tumour