4 research outputs found
Ru Nanoparticles Supported on Mesoporous Al-SBA-15 Catalysts for Highly Selective Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.Furfuryl alcohol, which is the hydrogenated product of furfural, has been identified as a very promising platform chemical with high potential for applications in the manufacture of key chemicals, lubricants, fragrances, and pharmaceuticals. In this work, bare SB, and x % Ru/Al-SB (x=1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 wt. %) samples were fabricated by a hydrothermal method. Bare and most active catalysts were characterized by different techniques, such as BET, FE-SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and XRD, to understand their physical and chemical properties. An evaluation of the effects of various reaction parameters, such as catalyst loading, reaction temperature, and reaction time, on the catalytic performance, showed higher catalytic conversion of furfural and selectivity for the desired products. The most active RuS3 catalyst showed 100 % conversion of furfural and 99 % selectivity for furfuryl alcohol. It could be reused for five consecutive reaction cycles without significant loss of performance. In addition, Ru leaching and loss of conversion or selectivity were not noticed during the five-run recycling test. The EDS elemental mapping analysis of the used catalyst established the preservation of the mesoporous structure, suggesting a strong interaction between the hexagonal porous silicate and the Ru nanoparticles
Highly Efficient Solar-Light-Active Ag-Decorated g-C3N4 Composite Photocatalysts for the Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
4.0/).In this study, we utilized calcination and simple impregnation methods to successfully
fabricate bare g-C3N4
(GCN) and x% Ag/g-C3N4
(x% AgGCN) composite photocatalysts with various
weight percentages (x = 1, 3, 5, and 7 wt.%). The synthesized bare and composite photocatalysts were
analyzed to illustrate their phase formation, functional group, morphology, and optical properties
utilizing XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis DRS, PL, FE-SEM, and the EDS. The photodegradation rate of MO
under solar light irradiation was measured, and the 5% AgGCN composite photocatalyst showed
higher photocatalytic activity (99%), which is very high compared to other bare and composite
photocatalysts. The MO dye degradation rate constant with the 5% AgGCN photocatalyst exhibits
14.83 times better photocatalytic activity compared to the bare GCN catalyst. This photocatalyst
showed good efficiency in the degradation of MO dye and demonstrated cycling stability even in the
5th successive photocatalytic reaction cycle. The higher photocatalytic activity of the 5% AgGCN
composite catalyst for the degradation of MO dye is due to the interaction of Ag with GCN and the
localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Ag. The scavenger study results indicate that
O2
鈥⑩垝 radicals play a major role in MO dye degradation. A possible charge-transfer mechanism is
proposed to explain the solar-light-driven photocatalyst of GCN
NbCl5 Functionalized Perlite: A Potent and Recyclable Catalyst for Synthesis of Pyrans
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and
conditions of the Creative Commons
Attribution (CC BY) license (https://
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
4.0/).Niobium pentachloride functionalised perlite was prepared via a solid state dispersion technique, which was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of pyrans. The immobilisation of NbCl5 over perlite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectra (EDS), and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The wt% of NbCl5-loaded perlite was optimized based on the adequacy with respect to the yield of the pyrans in various solvents. The recyclability of the catalyst was validated in synthesizing pyrans and the results marked its efficiency up to five runs. The efficacy of the NbCl5/perlite catalyst was found to be comparable and better with respect to the other heterogeneous catalysts reported. The structures of pyrans were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral techniques. The proposed recyclable heterogeneous NbCl5/perlite catalyst simplifies the protocol, and has minimal chemical waste, a lower reaction time and a high-yield
NbCl<sub>5</sub> Functionalized Perlite: A Potent and Recyclable Catalyst for Synthesis of Pyrans
Niobium pentachloride functionalised perlite was prepared via a solid state dispersion technique, which was utilized as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of pyrans. The immobilisation of NbCl5 over perlite was examined by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive spectra (EDS), and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area measurements. The wt% of NbCl5-loaded perlite was optimized based on the adequacy with respect to the yield of the pyrans in various solvents. The recyclability of the catalyst was validated in synthesizing pyrans and the results marked its efficiency up to five runs. The efficacy of the NbCl5/perlite catalyst was found to be comparable and better with respect to the other heterogeneous catalysts reported. The structures of pyrans were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral techniques. The proposed recyclable heterogeneous NbCl5/perlite catalyst simplifies the protocol, and has minimal chemical waste, a lower reaction time and a high-yield