Evaluation of Outcome in Patients with Perforation Peritonitis using Mannheim’s Peritonitis Index

INTRODUCTION: Peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation is one of the most common surgical emergencies, and an important problem that a surgeon has to face. Despite advances in diagnosis, management and critical care of patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscus perforation, prognosis remains poor. Early assessment by scoring systems will influence the management and prognosis. Realising the need for a simple accurate scoring system in these conditions the present study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of MANNHEIM PERITONITIS INDEX (MPI) scoring system in predicting the risk of mortality in patients with peritonitis due to hollow viscous perforation. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of MANNHEIM PERITONITIS INDEX in predicting mortality in patients with perforation peritonitis. METHODS: Retrospective study of 50 patients admitted and operated for peritonitis in Stanley Medical College Hospital. The structured scoring system i.e. MPI was applied along with other clinical and biochemical parameters recorded in pre-structured proforma and the patients were grouped into 3 - Patients with MPI scores (a) less than 21 (b) 21 – 29 and (c) more than 29. Data was analysed for predicting mortality and morbidity using SPSS. RESULTS: In our study of 50 patients, we had 7 mortalities (14% of the study population). In our study the there was no death in patients with MPI score less than 21, in MPI score between 21to 29 the mortality was 14.28%., while in patients with MPI score greater than 29 the mortality was 100% (P 24 hrs (p < 0.006) showed statistical significance in predicting mortality. CONCLUSION: MPI is accurate to be used with patients with peritonitis and should be considered reliable and simple reference for estimating their risk of death

Darcy-Brinkman free convection about a wedge and a cone subjected to a mixed thermal boundary condition

The Darcy-Brinkman free convection near a wedge and a cone in a porous medium with high porosity has been considered. The surfaces are subjected to a mixed thermal boundary condition characterized by a parameter m; m=0, 1, ∞ correspond to the cases of prescribed temperature, prescribed heat flux and prescribed heat transfer coefficient respectively. It is shown that the solutions for different m are dependent and a transformation group has been found, through which one can get solution for any m provided solution for a particular value of m is known. The effects of Darcy number on skin friction and rate of heat transfer are analyzed

Onion detopping machine - an emerging horticultural enterprising

Onion is the one of the important vegetable crops cultivated in India. Multiplier type onion is one among the three major types of onions. Tamil Nadu accounts for five per cent of country’s area under onion and more than 70 per cent of the area is cultivated by small onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum). Around 90 per cent of country’s multiplier onion is produced from Tamil Nadu. Detopping is one of the steps in the on-farm processing carried out after harvest. Presently this is done manually by farm women. Individual onions are picked and detopping is done by using sickle. This operation is time consuming and highly drudgery in nature. An Onion detopping machine to remove the foliage after harvest was designed and developed in the present study. This machine has a capacity of 370 kg/h against 30 kg/h manual practice and works with an efficiency of 98%. The unique design of the detopper is that it is suitable for all sizes of onions. Also, the cluster is intact after detopping, which is very important requirement. This multiplier type onion is grown in Nagamangala (Tk), Mandya (Dt.) of Karnataka State. Two farmers of this area have installed this machine and running a successful enterprising. Cost involved in using this machine is Rs. 200 per quintal against Rs. 500 per quintal by manual detopping. Owing to the higher capacity by mechanization, the farmers will be able to process the higher volume of produce within a short span of time. Hence, this will facilitate the farmers to sell the produce, get good market price and earn higher returns

Light trap, an effective component of integrated management of Tuta absoluta(Lepidoptera : Gelechiidae) on Tomato

The effectiveness of mass trapping the moths of Tuta absoluta was evaluated using light traps in tomato polyhouse at ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru during March - June, 2018. Various colours of light sources were evaluated for their efficacy in attracting the moths. Of different coloured light sources evaluated, yellow and white (bluish) were found relatively effective for attraction of the moths. The efficacy of mass trapping was further evaluated and incandescent yellow bulb of 60 W was found most efficient in attracting both sexes of Tuta moths. Thus light traps can be an effective tool for IPM of this pest on tomato, under polyhouse conditions

Stability of a high Mach number flow in a channel

Modal instabilities in a flow through a channel at high Reynolds and Mach numbers are studied for three-dimensional perturbations. In addition to the Tollmien-Schlichting modes, there exist higher modes in a channel flow that do not have a counterpart in the incompressible limit. The stability characteristics of these higher modes, obtained through numerical calculations, are compared with boundary layer and Couette flows that have been previously studied. The dominant higher mode instabilities in a channel flow are shown to be viscous in nature, in contrast to compressible boundary layer modes. For general compressible bounded-domain flows, a necessary condition for the existence of neutral modes in the inviscid limit is obtained. This criterion is used to construct a procedure to determine a critical value of Mach number below which the higher modes remain stable. This criterion also delineates a range of angles of inclination of the wave number with respect to the flow direction which could go unstable at a specified Mach number. Asymptotic analysis is carried out for the lower and upper branch of the stability curve in the limit of high Reynolds number. A common set of relations are identified for these exponents for the upper and lower branch for the continuation of the Tollmien-Schlichting modes and the compressible modes. The scalings for the Tollmien-Schlichting modes are identical to those for an incompressible flow. The scalings for the finite wave number modes are different; the wave speed $c$ scales as \mbox{Re}^{-\frac{1}{3}} for the lower branch and \mbox{Re}^{-\frac{1}{5}} for the upper branch, where \mbox{Re} is the Reynolds number. The asymptotic analysis shows that the stability boundaries for three-dimensional perturbations at high Reynolds numbers can be calculated from the strain rate and the temperature of the base flow at the wall.Comment: 59 pages, 10 figure

ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF METHANOL EXTRACTS OF AMORPHOPHALLUS PAEONIIFOLIUS Ni

ABSTRACTObjectives: To identify the bioactive compounds present in Amorphophallus paeoniifolius and to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic property of the plant extract.Methods: Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out by the standard method of Yadav and Agarwala [1]. Bioactive compounds were identified by GC – MS analysis.  Antioxidant activity of the methanol extract were determined by two different methods viz., DPPH radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay. Also the extracts were tested for their ability to kill the proliferative cells (MCF-7) by MTT assay.Results: Ten pharmacology important compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. Higher antioxidant potential of the extracts was observed in both assays. The appreciable free radical scavenging activity of the extracts might be attributed to the secondary metabolites like alkaloids, flavanoids, tannins, phenols and sterols present in the extract. The results of MTT assay indicated a significant growth inhibition at a low concentration of IC50 values (51.07µg/ml).Conclusion: Present study is an evidence to support the usage of the plant which possesses several antioxidant principles for medicinal uses.Keywords:  Amorphophallus paeoniifolius, DPPH, reducing power, MCF-7 cells

Evaluation of fatty acid profile with special reference to hypertension intake from marine edible fishes

The present study describes the changes in fatty acid profile in hypertension patients by up taking the marine edible fishes Elutherenema tetradactylum, Sphyraena obtusata and Siganus javus because these marine edible fishes are rich in ? –fatty acids.  In this study the total cholesterol, HDL and LDL were significantly decreased from 211.9 – 202.1 mg/dl, 177-159.6 mg/dl. The palmitic acid (C16:0) was found significantly higher in all of peoples compared with other SFAs. This study revealed that the most abundant in individual FAs 16:0,18:0,18:1 n9 and 20:2 n6 were present in blood in both before and after dietary intake. The minimal changes of SFAs levels were decreased averagely from 59.2 to 52.2%. In addition to above PUFAs also increased from 27.7-30.5%. The essential FAs like ALA (C18:3n3), EPA (C20:5n3) and DHA (C22:6n3) were accounting in the range of 2.64-2.92%, 3.67-3.94% and 3.65-4.38%. Omega – 6/3 ratio were recorded from 1.77-2.45%. This study proves the marine edible fishes reduce the hypertension of the patients. Keywords: Edible fishes, ? –fatty acids, SFAs, HDL and LD