Enlarged submandibular salivary ductal openings: A new physiological variation

Developmental anomalies of the salivary glands are rare. These include aplasia of glands, atresia of ducts, accessory or ectopic glands, and a variety of cysts. Through this case report we are presenting a unique case of bilateral, enlarged, Wharton′s ductal openings that have not been documented yet

Erupting complex odontoma: Report of a rare case

Odontomas are the most frequent hamartomatous lesions involving the oral cavity. The complex variant is an agglomerate of all dental tissues characterized by abnormal morphodifferentiation despite normal histodifferentiation. These are usually asymptomatic and are frequently associated with eruption disturbances. We report an unusual case of erupting complex odontoma associated with an impacted maxillary second molar

Enlarged submandibular salivary ductal openings: A new physiological variation

Developmental anomalies of the salivary glands are rare. These include aplasia of glands, atresia of ducts, accessory or ectopic glands, and a variety of cysts. Through this case report we are presenting a unique case of bilateral, enlarged, Wharton′s ductal openings that have not been documented yet

Multiple slip effects on magnetic-Carreau fluid in a suspension of gyrotactic microorganisms over a slendering sheet

A computational simulation of two-dimensional magnetic-Carreau fluid in a suspension of gyrotactic microorganisms past a slendering sheet with variable thickness is investigated for slenderness parameters varied in the range of –0.2 to 1.0. Owing to the noticeable implication in various engineering applications, the effects of multiple slip is considered in the present simulation along with the Soret and the Dufour effects for the heat and mass transfer controlling process. The numerical values of the velocity, temperature, concentration, and the density of the motile organisms are computed by the robust Runge–Kutta-based Newton’s scheme. The thermal and concentration boundary layer are changed with the increase in the multiple slip parameters such as velocity slip, temperature slip, concentration slip, and diffusion slip parameters. With the rise in the Carreau fluid power index parameter, the velocity field increases while it declines with the velocity slip and magnetic field parameter. The increasing values of velocity slip, Dufour number, Soret number, and magnetic parameter boost up the density of the motile organism profiles for different slenderness parameter considered in the present study. The effect of the nondimensional factors on the skin friction, local Nusselt, local Sherwood, and the density numbers of the motile organisms are discussed with the assistance of the table for three different slenderness parameters. It is found that multiple slip parameters enable to control the heat and mass transfer rate. Finally, both the qualitative and quantitative comparisons of the present results with previous study are presented in the tabular form and are found to be in excellent agreement. </jats:p

Rapid Detection of HIV-1 and 2 Antibodies by using Oral Fluid: A Multicentric Pilot Study in India

Introduction- Detection of HIV antibodies is done by the standard blood tests. Rapid tests provide results in few minutes. The OraQuick rapid HIV12 antibody test using oral fluid has not been tried in resource-limited settings in India. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of the OraQuick test kit using oral fluid for HIV antibody detection in patients attending the dental hospitals. Materials and methods: This multicentric pilot study was administered on 134 consenting subjects- Seventy subjects were randomly screened at Visakhapatnam and 64 at Davangere, by OraQuick test using oral fluid and other standard HIV screening tests. The subjects and the test administrators were enquired regarding the convenience of the oral fluid test and blood tests. The results were compared and conclusions were drawn. Results: Seventy subjects were positive with both oral fluid and blood tests. Sixty-four subjects were negative with both the tests demonstrating 100% sensitivity and specificity. The oral fluid test was well accepted by all patients and test administrators. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the OraQuick test using oral fluid was found to be highly accurate, noninvasive screening test which ran be easily used in dental hospital

Genotypic and Haplotype Analysis of Interleukin-6 and-18 Gene Polymorphisms in Association with Clinicopathological Factors in Breast Cancer

Background: Cytokines are multifunctional glycoproteins playing a vital role in the tumor microenvironment and in the progression of breast cancer. The immune responses in the tumors restrained by pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expressions could be influenced by genetic polymorphisms. Hence, the present study evaluated the contribution of IL6 (rs1800797, rs1800796, and rs1800795), and IL18 (rs1946518, rs187238, and rs549908) genotypes and its haplotypes with risk and progression of breast cancer in south Indian population. Methods: The polymorphisms of IL6 gene -597G&amp;gt;A, -572G&amp;gt;C, -174G&amp;gt;C and IL18 gene -607C&amp;gt;A, -137G&amp;gt;C, and 105A&amp;gt;T were genotyped through PCR-RFLP and As-PCR assays in blood DNA of 600 subjects. We have performed haplotype, LD, univariate, multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses for the obtained data. Results: The frequency of AA genotype &amp;amp; A-allele of IL6 -597G&amp;gt;A, and CC genotype &amp;amp; C allele of IL6 -174G&amp;gt;C polymorphism was higher in breast cancer patients and was found to be significantly associated with TNM staging, late (advanced) stage, metastasis, etc. While, CG and GG genotypes of IL6 -572 C&amp;gt;G polymorphism had a protective role against breast cancer. Further, IL18 -607C&amp;gt;A, -137G&amp;gt;C &amp;amp; 105A&amp;gt;T polymorphisms were found to be associated with lobular carcinoma subtype, PR-ve and HER2+ve breast cancer patients. Perfect LD was observed between all SNPs of IL6 &amp;amp; IL18 genes under study; G-C-C, A-G-G and A-C-C haplotype combination of IL6 genes had conferred 2.09, 2.25 and 4.72 folds risk for breast cancer respectively. In survival analysis, we observed that the C allele of rs 1800795 was found to be significantly associated with 5years overall survival in breast cancer subjects. Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest the importance of genotypic and haplotype analysis of IL6, and IL18 gene variants in progression and risk identification of breast cancer.</jats:p