Duality Defects in E8E_8

We classify all non-invertible Kramers-Wannier duality defects in the $E_8$ lattice Vertex Operator Algebra (i.e. the chiral $(E_8)_1$ WZW model) coming from $\mathbb{Z}_m$ symmetries. We illustrate how these defects are systematically obtainable as $\mathbb{Z}_2$ twists of invariant sub-VOAs, compute defect partition functions for small $m$, and verify our results against other techniques. Throughout, we focus on taking a physical perspective and highlight the important moving pieces involved in the calculations. Kac's theorem for finite automorphisms of Lie algebras and contemporary results on holomorphic VOAs play a role. We also provide a perspective from the point of view of (2+1)d Topological Field Theory and provide a rigorous proof that all corresponding Tambara-Yamagami actions on holomorphic VOAs can be obtained in this manner. We include a list of directions for future studies.Comment: 51+15 pages, 7 figures, 8 table

The Effects of Motherhood during Graduate School on PhD Recipients' Paths to the Professoriate

This study examines the effects of gender and family status on PhD recipients’ likelihood of attaining tenure-track faculty jobs at U.S. higher education institutions, with a specific focus on mothers who have children during graduate school. This study compares PhD-earning mothers to other groups, including men and women without children and fathers, and it explores individual, institutional, doctoral training, and professional life course variables predicting PhD mothers’ attainment of tenure-track faculty jobs at U.S. higher education institutions within the first eight to thirteen years of obtaining their terminal degrees. Analyzing data from the Survey of Earned Doctorates and the Survey of Doctorate Recipients by the National Science Foundation, this study focuses on PhD recipients who are U.S. citizens and who graduated from U.S. higher education institutions between 2000 and 2005. Understanding whether and how PhD mothers “leak” out of the academic pipeline at the junction between graduate school and the professoriate is essential for higher education institutions, researchers, and policymakers, because doctoral students serve as valuable resources to higher education institutions and ensure continued research and knowledge production. The effects of gender and family status on tenure-track faculty job attainment may also inform our understanding of persistent gender gaps in academia in terms of earning potential, job status, and mobility. This study uses cumulative advantage theory to understand PhD mothers’ accumulation of career-related resources in graduate school and how their accumulation influences their likelihood of attaining tenure-track faculty jobs. This study finds that higher percentages of mothers who had children during graduate school secured tenure-track jobs within the first two years of PhD graduation compared to men and women without children in graduate school, but fewer mothers secured academic jobs at all between 2006 and 2013 compared to other groups. Despite their early successes in attaining tenure-track jobs, mothers were more likely to secure jobs at non-research focused institutions than other groups, and they were more likely to work in non-tenure-track faculty jobs that acted as long-term positions rather than as potential stepping stones to the tenure track. A series of logistic regressions indicate that the individual, institutional, doctoral training, and professional life course factors used in this study partially explain differences in tenure-track attainment for PhD mothers, while a significant portion of the variation in tenure-track employment remains unexplained by observable characteristics. These findings suggest important implications for U.S. higher education institutions regarding female graduate students, the experiences of graduate students who are parents, and the recruitment of mothers into faculty jobs. This study also suggests important implications for future research on graduate students who are mothers

Two-pulse rapid remote surface contamination measurement.

This project demonstrated the feasibility of a 'pump-probe' optical detection method for standoff sensing of chemicals on surfaces. Such a measurement uses two optical pulses - one to remove the analyte (or a fragment of it) from the surface and the second to sense the removed material. As a particular example, this project targeted photofragmentation laser-induced fluorescence (PF-LIF) to detect of surface deposits of low-volatility chemical warfare agents (LVAs). Feasibility was demonstrated for four agent surrogates on eight realistic surfaces. Its sensitivity was established for measurements on concrete and aluminum. Extrapolations were made to demonstrate relevance to the needs of outside users. Several aspects of the surface PF-LIF physical mechanism were investigated and compared to that of vapor-phase measurements. The use of PF-LIF as a rapid screening tool to 'cue' more specific sensors was recommended. Its sensitivity was compared to that of Raman spectroscopy, which is both a potential 'confirmer' of PF-LIF 'hits' and is also a competing screening technology

Search for Intrinsic Excitations in 152Sm

The 685 keV excitation energy of the first excited 0+ state in 152Sm makes it an attractive candidate to explore expected two-phonon excitations at low energy. Multiple-step Coulomb excitation and inelastic neutron scattering studies of 152Sm are used to probe the E2 collectivity of excited 0+ states in this "soft" nucleus and the results are compared with model predictions. No candidates for two-phonon K=0+ quadrupole vibrational states are found. A 2+, K=2 state with strong E2 decay to the first excited K=0+ band and a probable 3+ band member are established.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication as a Rapid Communication in Physical Review

Electrochemical Deposition and Characterization of Fe₃O₄ Films Produced by the Reduction of Fe(III)-triethanolamine

In this paper, we demonstrate that films of magnetite, Fe3O4, can be deposited by the electrochemical reduction of a Fe(III)-triethanolamine complex in aqueous alkaline solution. the films were deposited with a columnar microstructure and a [100] preferred orientation on stainless steel substrates. In-plane electrical transport and magnetoresistance measurements were performed on the films after they were stripped off onto glass substrates. the resistance of the films was dependent on the oxygen partial pressure. We attribute the increase in resistance in O2 and the decrease in resistance in Ar to the oxidation and reduction of grain boundaries. the decrease in resistance in an Ar atmosphere exhibited first-order kinetics, with an activation energy of 0.2 eV. the temperature dependence of the resistance showed a linear dependence of log(R) versus T-1/2, consistent with tunneling across resistive grain boundaries. a room-temperature magnetoresistance of -6.5% was observed at a magnetic field of 9 T

Change in convergence and accommodation after two weeks of eye exercises in typical young adults

Abstract: Introduction Although eye exercises appear to help heterophoria, convergence insufficiency and intermittent strabismus, true treatment effects can be confounded by placebo, practice and encouragement factors. This study assessed objective changes in vergence and accommodation responses in typical naïve young adults after two weeks of exercises compared to control conditions to assess the extent of treatment effects occur above other factors. Methods 156 asymptomatic young adults were randomly assigned to 6 exercise groups or 2 no-treatment groups. Treatment targeted i) accommodation, ii)vergence, iii) both, iv) convergence>accommodation, v)accommodation>convergence, or vi) a placebo. All were re-tested under identical conditions, except for the second control group who were additionally encouraged during testing. Objective accommodation and vergence were assessed to a range of targets moving in depth containing combinations of blur, disparity and proximity/looming cues. Results Response gain improved more for less naturalistic targets where more improvement was possible. Convergence exercises improved vergence for near across all targets (P=.035). Mean accommodation changed similarly,but non-significantly. No other treatment group differed significantly from the non-encouraged control group, while encouraging effort produced significantly increased vergence (P=.004) and accommodation (P=.005) gains in the other control group. Conclusions True treatment effects were small, only significantly better after vergence exercises to a non-accommodative target, and were rarely related to response they were designed to improve. Exercising accommodation without convergence made no difference to accommodation to cues containing detail. Additional effort improved objective responses the most, so should be controlled carefully in research, and considered when auditing treatment

Applied Plasma Research

Contains reports on two research projects.National Science Foundation (Grant GK-28282X1)National Science Foundation (Grant GK-33843)U. S. Army - Research Office - Durham (Contract DAHC04-72-C-0044

The Grizzly, April 25, 1986

U.C. Campaign Quickly Moving Meters • Profs Need Satisfactory Salary • Sororities Rebel With Toilet Trashing • Editorial: Retrospective Look at Alcohol Policy Making • Letters: Water Issue Still Murky; Potholes, a Sinking Feeling • Clark Awarded Grant to Research in Japan • ProTheatre\u27s Hair a Success • French to Attend Humanities Seminar • Calif. Comp. Expert Gives Faculty Lecture • Jamison Appointed Myrin Director • USGA\u27s Roles as Defined by New President • Women\u27s Lax Wins Big...After Back-to-Back Losses • Cornbone\u27s Diamond Update • Lady Bears Hope for Division Championship • Fencing at Ursinus • Donna O\u27Brien Can\u27t Hold the Irish Back • Rippert: Student, Leader, Athletehttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1164/thumbnail.jp