Elevens rätt till effektiva läsförståelsestrategier

Sammanfattning Syfte Syftet med vår undersökning är att analysera hur lärarna på en skola med en utpräglad litteraturprofil arbetar med att utveckla och bedöma elevernas läsförståelse. 1. Hur arbetar pedagogerna för att eleverna skall utvecklas till läsare med god läsförståelse? . Vilka är de mest framträdande strategierna i undervisningen på MNS? 3. Hur bedömer pedagogerna på Manhattan New School elevernas läsförståelse? 4. Hur har lärarna varit involverade i utformningen av mål och bedömningskriterier? 5. Kan vi se några likheter med kursplanen i svenska och MNS bedömningskriterier i läsförståelse och arbete med skönlitteratur? Metod och material Vi har gjort en kvalitativ studie om hur pedagogerna arbetar på Manhattan New School . Vi genomförde en intervju med skolans rektor samt observationer i fyra klasser. Det skriftliga undersökningsmaterial som vi använt är: Manhattan New Schools kursplaner, Manhattan New Schools websida, New York Citys Progress Report och New York Citys Quality Review Report. Resultat Pedagogerna på Manhattan New School använder skönlitteratur som utgångspunkt i sin läsundervisning. Eleverna har alltid tillgång till böcker som passar dem. Pedagogerna använder den didaktiska modell workshop modellen. Den fokuserar på att eleverna skall kommunicera sina tankar för att lära av varandra samt utveckla ett metakognitivt tänkande. I momentet individual conference där pedagog och elev möts får eleven hjälp i sin arbetsprocess samt läraren använder framåtsyftande bedömning i samförstånd med eleven. Betydelse för läraryrket Då den svenska skolan står inför stora förändringar i och med förslag till nya kursplaner därför anser vi att pedagogerna på Manhattan New School i många avseenden kan vara en förebild för de svenska pedagogerna. Många av de krav som de nya kursplanerna ställer på den svenska skolan uppnår redan Manhattan New School

Evaluation of the Finnish CERN activities: panel report

The Academy of Finland decided in November 2000 that Finnish CERN-activities should be evaluated. The first ten years of the Finnish membership in CERN have been successful. Also in the future, Finland has great opportunities and benefits of the collaboration with CERN. The Finnish presentations clearly show the rapid development in experimental physics since the joining of CERN. Still, Finland can be considered as a relatively young Member State in CERN, but one of the most dynamic new partners for CERN

Search for Low Mass Exotic mesonic structures. Part I: experimental results

Recently, several papers discussed on the existence of a low mass new structure at a mass close to M=214.3 MeV. It was suggested that the $\Sigma^{+}$ disintegration: $\Sigma^{+}\to$pP$^{0}$, P$^{0}\to\mu^{-}\mu^{+}$ proceeds through an intermediate particle P$^{0}$ having such mass. The present work intends to look at other new or available data, in order to observe the eventual existence of small narrow peaks or shoulders in very low mesonic masses. Indeed narrow structures were already extracted from various data in dibaryons, baryons and mesons (at larger masses that those studied here).Comment: 7 pages 11 figure

Observation of strong final-state effects in pi+ production in pp collisions at 400 MeV

Differential cross sections of the reactions $pp \to d\pi^+$ and $pp \to pn\pi^+$ have been measured at $T_p = 400$ MeV by detecting the charged ejectiles in the angular range $4^0 \leq \Theta_{Lab} \leq 21^\circ$. The deduced total cross sections agree well with those published previously for neighbouring energies. The invariant mass spectra are observed to be strongly affected by $\Delta$ production and $NN$ final-state interaction. The data are well described by Monte Carlo simulations including both these effects. The ratio of $pp \to pn\pi^+$ and $pp \to d\pi^+$ cross sections also compares favourably to a recent theoretical prediction which suggests a dominance of $np$-production in the relative $^3S_1$-state.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure

The European Administrative Space - A Discussion of Administrative Integration in the Enlarged European Union

Europeanization investigates how political integration in Europe affects the domestic power structures and policies. Less research has been carried out on what impact the EU has on national public administrations. It is in fact disputed whether administrative Europeanization even exists. Furthermore, there is no explicit European model of administration; no blueprint that the EU can enforce in its member states or candidate countries. It was recognized that the candidate countries in Central and Eastern Europe had too poor administrative capacity to be able to implement and enforce the EU legislation. Therefore, something had to be done, and Twinning was the answer, now extended to additional countries. Twinning is a program in which a public administration official from a member state is chosen to assist the beneficiary country for a period of time, usually two years. The Commission supervises and finances the programme. The responsibility of reaching a sufficient administrative capacity thereby lies partly on the shoulders of the MS and the Commission. Two questions arise. Are peculiarities in the CEEC administrations accepted by the member states and by the Commission? And does the Twinning programme result in Europeanization of administration, and if so, how? I have answered these questions by studying theoretical literature of Europeanization. Such literature takes its stand in the theoretical perspectives of ?new institutionalisms?. Rational Choice Institutionalism and Sociological Institutionalism are the most common reference points, but I have included Historical Institutionalism for a wider understanding. I have also analysed evaluations of the Twinning programme conducted by both MS and Commission actors, to reveal the attitudes of different EU actors upon administrative integration. I have used the theoretical literature to draw up ideal types to be used for analysing the evaluations. My conclusions are that: 1. Norms and values are being Europeanized within a framework of existing institutional norms and values but this does not necessarily result in tangible convergence of administrative structures. 2. The administrative legacies from the communist past of the CEECs to a great extent hamper even modest reform programmes such as Twinning. 3. Peculiarities of CEEC administrations are viewed upon with scepticism even in cases where they do not hamper good administration

Two-Pion Production in Proton-Proton Collisions -- Experimental Total Cross Sections and their Isospin Decomposition

The two-pion production in pp-collisions has been investigated at CELSIUS in exclusive measurements from threshold up to $T_p$ = 1.36 GeV. Total and differential cross sections have been obtained for the channels $pn\pi^+\pi^0$, $pp\pi^+\pi^-$, $pp\pi^0\pi^0$ and also $nn\pi^+\pi^+$. For intermediate incident energies $T_p >$ 1 GeV, i.e. in the region which is beyond the Roper excitation but at the onset of $\Delta\Delta$ excitation, the total $pp\pi^0\pi^0$ cross section falls behind theoretical predictions by as much as an order of magnitude near 1.2 GeV, whereas the $nn\pi^+\pi^+$ cross section is a factor of five larger than predicted. An isospin decompostion of the total cross sections exhibits a s-channel-like energy dependence in the region of the Roper excitation as well as a significant contribution of an isospin 3/2 resonance other than the $\Delta(1232)$. As possible candidates the $\Delta(1600)$ and the $\Delta(1700)$ are discussed

Measurement of the Slope Parameter for the eta->3pi0 Decay in the pp->pp eta Reaction

The CELSIUS/WASA setup is used to measure the 3pi0 decay of eta mesons produced in pp interactions with beam kinetic energies of 1.36 and 1.45 GeV. The efficiency-corrected Dalitz plot and density distributions for this decay are shown, together with a fit of the quadratic slope parameter alpha yielding alpha = -0.026 +/- 0.010(stat) +/- 0.010(syst). This value is compared to recent experimental results and theoretical predictions.Comment: 4 pages, 7 Postscript figures, uses revtex4.st