The critical compressibility factor of fluids from the Global Isomorphism approach

The relation between the critical compressibility factors $Z_{c}$ of the Lennard-Jones fluid and the Lattice Gas (Ising model) is derived within the global isomorphism approach. On this basis we obtain the alternative form for the value of the critical compressibility factor which is different from widely used phenomenological Timmermans relation. The estimates for the critical pressure $P_c$ and $Z_c$ of the Lennard-Jones fluid are obtained in case of two and three dimensions. The extension of the formalism is proposed to include the Pitzer's acentric factor into consideration.Comment: 10 pages, 1 table, 1 Figur

The Vliegenthart-Lekkerkerker relation. The case of the MieMie-fluids

The Vliegenthart-Lekkerkerker relation for the second virial coefficient value at the critical temperature found in [G. A. Vliegenthart and H. N. W. Lekkerkerker, J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{112} 5364 (2000)] is discussed in connection with the scale invariant mean-field approach proposed in [V. L. Kulinskii and L. A. Bulavin, J. Chem. Phys. \textbf{133} 134101 (2010)]. We study the case of the Mie-class potentials which is widely used in simulations of the phase equilibrium of the fluids. It is shown that due to the homogeneity property of the $Mie$-class potentials it is possible to connect the loci of the fluids with these model potentials in different dimensions

Asymmetry of the Hamiltonian and the Tolman's length

Using the canonical transformation of the order parameter which restores the Ising symmetry of the Hamiltonian we derive the expression for the Tolman length as a sum of two terms. One of them is the term generated by the fluctuations of the order parameter the other one is due to the entropy. The leading singular behavior of the Tolman length near the critical point is analyzed. The obtained results are in correspondence with that of M.A. Anisimov, Phys. Rev. Lett., \textbf{98} 035702 (2007).Comment: 7 pages

Global isomorphism between the Lenard-Jones fluids and the Ising model

The interpretation of the linear character of the observable classic rectilinear diameter law and the linear character of the Zeno-line (unit compressibility line Z=1) on the basis of global isomorphism between Ising model (Lattice Gas) and simple fluid is proposed. The correct definition of the limiting nontrivial Zeno state is given and its relation with the locus of the critical point is derived within this approach. We show that the liquid-vapor part of the phase diagram of the molecular fluids can be described as the isomorphic image of the phase diagram of the Lattice Gas. It is shown how the the position of the critical points of the fluids of the Lenard-Jones type can be determined basing on the scaling symmetry. As a sequence the explanation of the well known fact about "global" cubic character of the coexistence curve of the molecular fluids is proposed.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures (2 figures added and the references

Mass-jump and mass-bump boundary conditions for singular self-adjoint extensions of the Schr\"odinger operator in one dimension

Physical realizations of non-standard singular self-adjoint extensions for one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator in terms of the mass-jump are considered. It is shown that corresponding boundary conditions can be realized for the Hamiltonian with the position-dependent effective mass in two qualitatively different profiles of the effective mass inhomogeneity: the mass-jump and the mass-bump. The existence of quantized magnetic flux in a case of the mass-jump is proven by explicit demonstration of the Zeeman-like splitting for states with the opposite projections of angular momentum.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure

Thermodynamics without ergodicity

We show that fundamental thermodynamic relations can be derived from deterministic mechanics for a non-ergodic system. This extend a similar derivation for ergodic systems and suggests that ergodicity should not be considered as a requirement for a system to exhibit a thermodynamic behavior. Our analysis emphasizes the role of adiabatic invariants in deterministic description and strengthens the link between mechanics and thermodynamics. In particular, we argue that macroscopic thermodynamic behavior of a system is caused by the existence of different time scales in its deterministic microscopic evolution

Zero-range potential model for the study of the ground states near the vortex core in the quantum limit

We propose the treatment of the lowest bound states near the vortex core on the basis of the self-adjoint extension of the Hamiltonian with the localized magnetic flux of Aaronov-Bohm type. It is shown that in the limit {\varkappa} >> 1 the potential for the vortex core excitations can be treated in terms of the generalized zero-range potential method. The spectrum of the Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon states is obtained and the comparison with the numerical calculations of Hayashi, N. et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, p. 2921 (1998)] is performed. The analytical expression for the ground state energy depending on the boundary condition parameter b was obtained by us.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

The vortex pinning on the cylindrical defects and the electronic structure of the vortex core

The model of the Abrikosov vortex pinning on a cylindrical defect is proposed. It is shown that in the limit $\varkappa \gg 1$ the potential for the vortex core excitations can be treated in terms of the zero-range potentials method. Using the variational method the estimates for the energy of pinning, the pinning force and the density of critical current defect are obtained.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure

Stable sound wave generation in weakly ionized air medium

We consider the generation of sound waves in the air medium between electrodes at the voltages near electrical breakdown in the presence of the time dependent constituent of the electric field. Within the standard multicomponent hydrodynamic model of the weakly ionized gas it is shown that the generation of sound is possible due to instantaneous character of the ionization equilibrium. The influence of the electronegative ions on the sound intensity is also discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figure

Physical interpretation of point-like interactions of one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator

We consider physical interpretations of non-trivial boundary conditions of self-adjoint extensions for one-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator of free spinless particle. Despite its model and rather abstract character this question is worth of investigation due to application for one-dimensional nanostructures. The main result is the physical interpretation of peculiar self-adjoint extension with discontinuity of both the probability density and the derivative of the wave function. We show that this case differs very much from other three which were considered before and corresponds to the presence of mass-jump in a sense of works of Ganella et. al., (Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 42, 465207 (2009)) along with the quantized magnetic flux. Real physical system which can be modeled by such boundary conditions is the localized quantazied flux in the Josephson junction of two superconductors with different effective masses of the elementary excitations.Comment: 14 page