The Non-Substitution Theorem: Multiple Primary Factors and the Cost Function Approach.

The non- ub titution theorem a ert that the choice of technique i independent of pattern of final demand when efficiency prevail a to the u e of a ingle primary factor, say labor, while the a erted con tancy of theinput-output table no longer hold when more than one kind of primary factor i involved. No definite an wer ha yet been given a to whether the commodity price vector i determined independently of final demand pattern when there are multiple primary factor of production. hi paper how that the "unit co t = price" relation uniquely determine the commodity price relatively to a given factor price vector. he proof of uch a commdity price i provided by the u e of ar ki' fixed point theorem without recour e to topology.INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS ; PRICES ; PRODUCTION

Thermoelectric response near a quantum critical point of beta-YbAlB4 and YbRh2Si2: A comparative study

The thermoelectric coefficients have been measured on the Yb-based heavy fermion compounds beta-YbAlB4 and YbRh2Si2 down to a very low temperature. We observe a striking difference in the behavior of the Seebeck coefficient, S in the vicinity of the Quantum Critical Point (QCP) in the two systems. As the critical field is approached, S/T enhances in beta-YbAlB4 but is drastically reduced in YbRh2Si2. While in the former system, the ratio of thermopower-to-specific heat remains constant, it drastically drops near the QCP in YbRh2Si2. In both systems, on the other hand, the Nernst coefficient shows a diverging behavior near the QCP. The results provide a new window to the way various energy scales of the system behave and eventually vanish near a QCP

Translational Heating of D2 Molecules Thermally Desorbed from Si(100) and Ge(100) Surfaces

The translational energies of D2 molecules thermally desorbed from the Si(100) and Ge(100) surfacesunder a heating rate of 6 K=s have been measured. In contrast to the previous laser desorption study,results show a considerable translational heating; the observed translational temperature is about 3 timeshigher than the desorption temperature for both surfaces. This fact indicates that energy barriers foradsorption are present even in the desorption pathway. Detailed balance is applicable to the adsorption anddesorption dynamics of hydrogen on the Si(100) surface

Strong valence fluctuation in the quantum critical heavy fermion superconductor beta-YbAlB4: A hard x-ray photoemission study

Electronic structures of the quantum critical superconductor beta-YbAlB4 and its polymorph alpha-YbAlB4 are investigated by using bulk-sensitive hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy. From the Yb 3d core level spectra, the values of the Yb valence are estimated to be ~2.73 and ~2.75 for alpha- and beta-YbAlB4, respectively, thus providing clear evidence for valence fluctuations. The valence band spectra of these compounds also show Yb2+ peaks at the Fermi level. These observations establish an unambiguous case of a strong mixed valence at quantum criticality for the first time among heavy fermion systems, calling for a novel scheme for a quantum critical model beyond the conventional Doniach picture in beta-YbAlB4.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, revised version accepted for publication in PR