Comparative characteristics of thematic variation in English and Russian language medical conflict communication

The article focuses on revealing the potential of themes and topics realized by English and Russian speaking medicians in professional conflict situations. The establishing of thematic potential qualitative characteristics lies in revealing the realized themes and topics, followed by their frequency value analysis. The comparison of qualitative and quantitative parameters forms the basis for establishing the universal and cultural-specific features of medical professional conflict discourse thematic aspect

On the Epidemiology of Diabetic Retinopathy in the Republic of Bashkortostan

Aim. To study of the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in the Republic of Bashkortostan among people over 40 years of age, depending on the stage of the disease, gender and the nature of the settlement of the respondents. Materials and methods. A population-based study “Ural Eye and Medical Study” on the basis of the Ufa Research Institute of Eye Diseases covered 5899 people, of whom 2581 (43.7 %) were men, 3318 (52.3 %) were women. There were 2501 (42.3 %) urban residents, 3398 (59.7 %) rural residents. Statistical data analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistic application package.Results. According to the study, diabetes was observed in 687 people, among them – 221 (32.2 %) men, 466 (67.8 %) women; urban residents – 378 (55.0 %) people, rural – 309 (45.0 %) people. The prevalence of diabetes is 11.6 %. Diabetic retinopathy was observed in 102 people (27 men – 26.5 %, and 75 women – 73.5 %), urban residents – 60 (58.8 %), rural – 42 (41.2 %). The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among the entire study population was 2.1 %, or 14.8 % in the diabetic population. Conclusions. The prevalence of diabetes in the Republic of Bashkortostan according to the results of the Ural Eye and Medical Study was 11.6 % among people over 40 years old. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in the general population of the republic was 2.1 %, and in the population with diabetes it was 14.8 %, which is, in general, less than the global average

Comparative characteristics of the outcomes of the use of multidirectional intravitreal pharmacotherapy in the treatment of diabetic macular edema

Purpose. To conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of intravitreal injection of dexamethasone-containing implant and aflibercept in macular edema in patients with diabetes mellitus.Material and methods. The study involved 80 patients (80 eyes) with macular edema. The group 1 included 38 patients (38 eyes) who underwent a single intravitreal injection of dexamethasone-containing biodegradable implant «Ozurdex» in a dose of 0.7 mg according to the standard technique. In the group 2, 42 patients (42 eyes) received 5 loading doses of aflibercept with an interval of one month. All patients underwent monthly spectral optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the macular area, as well as visometry and tonometry during the observation period.Results. One month after intravitreal injection of the studied drugs in both groups, no inflammatory reactions were detected in any case. According to OCT data, cystic edema of the macular area with a tendency to decrease the thickness in the fovea was preserved. After treatment with aflibercept, the average retinal thickness in the macula was 186.4±15.1 μm, and visual acuity averaged 0.48±0.05 in 85.7% of patients. During therapy with intravitreal injection of Ozurdex, an increase in visual acuity was noted in 89.4% of patients.Conclusion. This study found that intravitreal pharmacotherapy with an angiogenesis blocker and a dexamethasone implant in patients with diabetic macular edema are comparable in its effectiveness – 85.7 and 89.4% respectively. If systematic anti-angiogenesis therapy is not possible for a number of reasons, it is advisable to use a prolonged dexamethasone implant

Rapid changes in root HvPIP2; 2 aquaporins abundance and ABA concentration are required to enhance root hydraulic conductivity and maintain leaf water potential in response to increased evaporative demand

To address the involvement of abscisic acid (ABA) in regulating transpiration and root hydraulic conductivity (Lp(Root)) and their relative importance for maintaining leaf hydration, the ABA-deficient barley mutant Az34 and its parental wild-type (WT) genotype (cv. Steptoe) were grown in hydroponics and exposed to changes in atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) imposed by air warming. WTplants were capable of maintaining leaf water potential (psi(L)) that was likely due to increased Lp(Root) enabling higher water flow from the roots, which increased in response to air warming. The increased Lp(Root) and immunostaining for HvPIP2; 2 aquaporins (AQPs) correlated with increased root ABA content of WT plants when exposed to increased air temperature. The failure of Az34 to maintain psi(L) during air warming may be due to lower Lp(Root) than WT plants, and an inability to respond to changes in air temperature. The correlation between root ABA content and Lp(Root) was further supported by increased root hydraulic conductivity in both genotypes when treated with exogenous ABA (10(-5) M). Thus the ability of the root system to rapidly regulate ABA levels (and thence aquaporin abundance and hydraulic conductivity) seems important to maintain leaf hydration

Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for the Treatment of Patient with Resistant to Anti-VEGF Diabetic Macular Edema

Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal injection of biodegradable intravitreal implant containing dexamethasone (Ozurdex) in patients with resistant diabetic macular edema (DME).Material and methods. The study was conducted of 24 patients with diabetic macular edema resistant to therapy with angiogenesis inhibitors (3-5 intravitreal injections without a positive structural and functional result) on the background of compensated type 2 diabetes mellitus. A biodegradable intravitreal implant containing dexamethasone (Ozurdex) was injected once according to standard method at a dose of 0.7 mg. The follow-up period was 6 months.Results. According to optical coherence tomography of the macular area, within 6 months after intravitreal injection of Ozurdex implant, the retinal thickness in the fovea decreased on average from 558.4 ± 25.1 μm to 188.3 ± 18.4 μm, with partial restoration of the foveolar cavity. The maximum corrected visual acuity increased on average from 0,04±0,01 to 0,3±0,09, intraocular pressure did not exceed 18.0 mm Hg.Conclusion. If the anti-angiogenic therapy of DME is ineffective, the use of the biodegradable intravitreal implant containing dexamethasone (Ozurdex) is considered as an effective treatment method that provides a significant and stable (prolonged) improvement of the structural and functional parameters of the eye in 86,6% cases

Structure, impurity composition, and photoluminescence of mechanically polished layers of single-crystal silicon

The introduction of optically active defects (such as atomic clusters, dislocations, precipitates) into a silicon single crystal using irradiation, plastic deformation, or heat treatment has been considered a possible approach to the design of silicon-based light-emitting structures in the near infrared region. Defects were introduced into silicon plates by traditional mechanical polishing. The changes in the defect structure and the impurity composition of damaged silicon layers during thermal annealing (TA) of a crystal were examined using transmission electronic microscopy and x-ray fluorescence. Optical properties of the defects were studied at 77 K using photoluminescence (PL) in the near infrared region. It has been shown that the defects generated by mechanical polishing transform into dislocations and dislocation loops and that SiO2 precipitates also form as a result of annealing at temperatures of 850 to 1000°C. Depending on the annealing temperature, either oxide precipitates or dislocations decorated by copper atoms, which are gettered from the crystal bulk, make the predominant contribution to PL spectra. © 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc