Disciplinary Measures: A Survey from Selected Primary Schools

Corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure has been abolished in South African schools since 1994. The chapter is about the views of the teachers on the different disciplinary measures they use as alternative to corporal punishment at the selected primary schools in Tembisa, South Africa. It used a descriptive research design, and it is quantitative in nature. A population of 100 teachers who are based at Tembisa was considered. Probability sampling techniques were used, whereby 28 teachers were sampled. Data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the majority of teachers had not received any training pertaining to the management of discipline after the abolishment of corporal punishment in Tembisa schools. Teachers view poor academic performance of learners as affected by the lack of proper discipline

From Comfort Zone to Reality: A Community Engagement to Enhance Student’s Academic Performance

The involvement of universities in communities is not a new phenomenon, as they have been known to engage their surrounding communities by expanding knowledge beyond the institutional confinements. This paper reports on the feedback received from the learners detailing their perceptions of the community engagement work done by the UJ Learning Development through academic study skills workshops to improve the learners’ academic performance. A quantitative approach was used to collect data by means of a feedback questionnaire. The feedback questionnaire was divided into two parts, namely, the biographical details of the participants and the participants’ perceptions of the academic study skills workshops they had attended. The questionnaire was administered to a target population of 302 learners at Ikamva Youth (Ivory Park and Ebony Park branches). Sixty participants were randomly selected from both grade 10 and grade 11 strata; in the last stratum, all the thirty grade 12 participants were considered. The main findings are that the majority of participants indicated that they do apply the skills learnt from the workshops while learning material and content from other subjects. They also indicated that their academic performance had improved from the time they started applying the study skills

Quasi-Normal Modes of a Schwarzschild White Hole

We investigate perturbations of the Schwarzschild geometry using a linearization of the Einstein vacuum equations within a Bondi-Sachs, or null cone, formalism. We develop a numerical method to calculate the quasi-normal modes, and present results for the case $\ell=2$. The values obtained are different to those of a Schwarzschild black hole, and we interpret them as quasi-normal modes of a Schwarzschild white hole.Comment: 5 pages, 4 Figure

Assessing the care of the surviving clergy widows within the Pentecostal church

The study was undertaken as a response to the need existing within the church. The author’s observation of how one widow was going to board a taxi on a very cold day to attend the church service triggered the desire to research the care of the clergy widows within the Pentecostal Church. The research is undertaken as follows: Chapter one: This Chapter introduces the study and serves as a window into the research by providing a bird’s eye view on what is fully entailed. It introduces the subject matter in the most probing and illuminating terms into the broader study which unfolds as alluded in the following subsequent chapters. Chapter two: The Chapter provides the significant meaning of what is entailed in the concept of caring as an envisaged theological tool towards addressing the needs of the clergy widows in general and the said Pentecostal clergy widow in particular, hence submitting the theology of caring. Various theologies such as the theology of brokenness, the theology of comfort and the theology of anointing the wounded are discussed in minute detail. Widows constituting various categories are presented as widows caused by God, caused by others and those caused by self. Chapter three: The methodology of caring is introduced with emphasis on how such a methodology can be practically employed as a way and means of averting the plight of the Pentecostal widows in particular. Gerkin’s Shepherding methodology is discussed in a scholastic dialogue with Wimberly, who introduces the notion of privileging conversations with God. These two authorities are presented in a discourse with Pollard who diagnoses a theology which he calls positive deconstruction. Chapter four: Three clergy widows were drawn from the Pentecostal Church and two from the Mainline Church as samples of narrated stories. Their stories managed to open a new well of information which surfaced both in their story-telling as well as in their responses to the questionnaires. The data collected both through the questionnaires as well as the stories they shared was analyzed intensely. Chapter five: The integration of the methodology of caring amongst other subjects unfolded matters related to the required healing of the surviving widow, dying patient’s problems come to an end, family problems go on and the submission of a considerable theology for the care of widows. The Chapter is aimed at creating an integration of the methodology of pastoral caring. Chapter six: The following theologies were submitted as proposals in developing the caring theology for the Pentecostal clergy widows: 1. The theology of social responsibility. 2. The theology of power. 3. The theology of proclamation. 4. The theology of tending the flock Chapter seven: This last chapter provided findings and recommendations established throughout the entire research process. Findings discussed were as such informed by tradition, observation, literature and interviews. Recommendations were provided as a foundational layer of the new tool for the care of clergy widows, and the Pentecostal widows in particular, hence the creation of a caring model. Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.Practical Theologyunrestricte

Factors influencing educator morale in the former KwaMashu circuit high schools : research report.

Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.This study sought to investigate factors influencing educator morale in the former KwaMashu Circuit in the Pinetown District. After realising that the educator morale is a national crisis, the study aimed to examine factors that influence low educator morale of high school educators. The study used interviews, questionnaires, document analysis and participant observation to collect data for the research. Having subjected sourced data to rigorous processing and analysis, the researcher concluded that the problems pertaining to low educator morale, include lack of resources, insecurity of educators because of many transformational processes, lack of discipline and cooperation from learners, lack of safety and security due to high crime rate such as theft, vandalism, violence, and killing of educators in school premises. The other salient factors contributing to low educator morale are low salaries, which are not commensurate with educator's educational qualifications and experience, lack of parental involvement in school matters, involvement of educatorunion politics in school management and promotional posts, overcrowded classrooms and heavy work loads, lack of support from District Officials and lack of transparency in decision-making and management of school finances. The study recommends that the Education Department must redress these issues by revisiting the existing policies, fast tracking infrastructure programme especially to previously disadvantaged schools, provide retraining programme, workshops to empower managers with democratic leadership styles, providing schools with security guards as well as fencing the school premises and expedite the process of appointing more subject advisors to support educators in the implementation of new curriculum.

Linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole

We firstly numerically recalculate the Ricci tensor of non-stationary axisymmetric space-times (originally calculated by Chandrasekhar) and we find some discrepancies both in the linear and non-linear terms. However, these discrepancies do not affect the results concerning linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole. Secondly, we use these Ricci tensors to derive the Zerilli and Regge-Wheeler equations and use the Newman-Penrose formalism to derive the Bardeen-Press equation. We show the relation between these equations because they describe the same linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole. Thirdly, we illustrate heuristically (when the angular momentum (l) is 2) the relation between the linearized solution of the Einstein vacuum equations obtained from the Bondi-Sachs metric and the Zerilli equation, because they describe the same linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole. Lastly, by means of a coordinate transformation, we extend Chandrasekhar's results on linear perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole to the Bondi-Sachs framework.Mathematical SciencesM. Sc. (Applied Mathematics

Balancing the role of student and motherhood : the experience of students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal.

Master of Science in Counselling Psychology. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2016.The conceptualisation of a mother’s role is often accompanied by various ideas about how and what should be done. Therefore, paying attention to the subjective experiences of this role in various contexts is of great importance. This understanding will add to the exploration of other roles played by women in society, such as being a student. It is evident in research that pursuing tertiary education and being a mother places great pressure on many women in South African universities. This study explored the experience of student mothers at the University of KwaZulu-Natal (on the Pietermaritzburg Campus) to understand their roles and how they balance being both a student and being a mother. This study provides a detailed account of the experience of student mothers, including the ways in which student mothers manage their dual roles, utilise available services and ultimately try to balance their dual roles. This study employed an interpretivist approach, which argues that people’s perspectives can be understood through their subjective experiences. Interpretivists assert that there is no specific route to knowledge and that there is no one reality. A qualitative approach was used with a purposive and convenience sampling strategy. One focus group discussion and eight individual interviews with student mothers were conducted and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The key themes from the study revealed that student mothers’ experience of motherhood is characterised by time constraints and the inability to find a balance between the two roles. Further, it was found that students’ plans changed after they became mothers. Other students also reported challenges that were related to managing time between the two roles. Concerning coping strategies, student mothers discussed the support that they anticipated from their institutions of higher learning as well as the actual support they received. Other themes highlighted the impact of motherhood on academic work. Lastly, student mothers expressed some guilt about their situation and this raised the need for reparation with their family members

Gravitational Wave Heating

It was shown in previous work that when a gravitational wave (GW) passes through a viscous shell of matter the magnitude of the GW will be damped and there are astrohysical circumstances in which the damping is almost complete. The energy transfer from the GWs to the fluid will increase its temperature. We construct a model for this process and obtain an expression for the temperature distribution inside the shell in terms of spherical harmonics. Further, it is shown that this effect is astrophysically significant: a model problem is constructed for which the temperature increase is of order $10^6{}^\circ$K

Examining and analyzing the traumatic effects of excommunication of the male clergy within the Pentecostal church

The study undertaken aims at establishing the relevance, importance as well as justification of the practice of excommunication. The practice is interrogated through the literature review. The main era in which this practice is investigated is the Reformation era under the period of Martin Luther. This is a critical era of a person who is said to have influenced more than 400 million Christians from his time to date. He was the victim of excommunication himself. The study employed a qualitative research method which augmented the literature review by interviewing the victim survivors of the same practice, who shared their ordeal encounters with the kind of brokenness that called for maximum empathy and identification. In the final analysis a comparison of the Pentecostal’s constitution against the mainline denomination’s was done. This reflection revealed a deeper lack of consistency in the exercising of the ritual of excommunication. It is ultimately recommended that a conducive environment should be sought for where the victim survivor will appreciate the excommunication ritual so exercised on him/her. Furthermore, the procedures and processes are encouraged to be observed up to the letter of the word so as to finally bring about the desired healing to the offender when executing excommunication. Excommunication should not be seen as a wielded axe intending to terminate the existence of the weak or the offender. The study recommends a variety of Pastoral Care Methodologies ranging from authorities such as Charles Gerkin, Ann and Edward Wimberly and many other Pastoral Care scholars who advocate for a therapeutic approach when dealing with the wounded victim survivors. The Impact and Effects of Trauma were analysed in minute detail as a window into understanding a person who has undergone excommunication. This information led to the examination of the various behavioural patterns or characteristics resulting from excommunication. Stress resulting from trauma was analyzed as a means of helping with the understating of the desired approach when dealing with the victim survivor of excommunication. Finally a method of Pastoral Care is recommended which is informed by the literature consulted as well as the interviews conducted. This method proposes an establishment of a sound, unbiased and balanced system of approaching the victim survivor from the first phase of inquiring about the admission of guilt to the last stage of the enquiring processes. The system culminates with the therapeutic role the church as community meant to care should embark upon.Dissertation (MA(Theol))--University of Pretoria, 2010.Practical Theologyunrestricte