2 research outputs found

    Cereal yields in 1960-2009 in experiments and production conditions in Podlaskie voivodship

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    Celem opracowania by艂o por贸wnanie plonowania podstawowych gatunk贸w zb贸偶 w do艣wiadczeniach polowych i warunkach produkcyjnych na przestrzeni 50-ciu lat. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki 艣cis艂ych do艣wiadcze艅 odmianowych, prowadzonych w ramach do艣wiadczalnictwa terenowego w latach 1960-2009 w gospodarstwach rolnik贸w indywidualnych, na obszarze obecnego woj. podlaskiego. Do艣wiadczenia prowadzone by艂y przez PODR w Szepietowie pod nadzorem merytorycznym IUNG-PIB w Pu艂awach, a od roku 2000 w ramach do艣wiadczalnictwa porejestrowego, przez COBORU. W do艣wiadczeniach badano plonowanie podstawowych gatunk贸w zb贸偶: 偶yta ozimego, pszenicy ozimej, j臋czmienia jarego i owsa, a od roku 1990 r贸wnie偶 pszen偶yta ozimego. Wyniki zebrane z do艣wiadcze艅 por贸wnano z plonami zb贸偶 uzyskanymi w produkcji, na podstawie danych WUS w Bia艂ymstoku. 艁膮cznie w okresie 50 lat przeprowadzono 503 艣cis艂e do艣wiadczenia polowe. Plony zb贸偶 zebrane z p贸l do艣wiadczalnych by艂y 艣rednio o 60-145% wy偶sze od plon贸w uzyskanych z p贸l produkcyjnych. Zr贸偶nicowanie to w miar臋 up艂ywu lat, we wszystkich gatunkach, zwi臋ksza艂o si臋. Najwi臋ksze r贸偶nice w plonach, zebranych z p贸l do艣wiadczalnych, w por贸wnaniu z produkcj膮, wyst膮pi艂y w ostatnim badanym 10-leciu.The aim of the study was to compare the yield of basic cereal species in field experiments and production conditions over 50 years. The paper presents the results of strict cultivar experiments conducted in field experiments in the years of 1960 2009 in farms of individual farmers, in the area of the Podlaskie voivodship, Poland. The research was conducted by Podlaskie Agricultural Advisory Center in Szepietowo under the substantive supervision of IUNG-PIB in Pulawy, and since 2000 udner the post-registration experiment by Research Centre for Cultivar Testing (COBORU). Measured yields of basic cereal species: winter rye, winter wheat, spring barley and oats, and since 1990 also winter triticale. The results of the experiments were compared against the yields of cereals obtained in the production, based on the data of the Statistical Office in Bialystok. During 50 years, 503 strict fields experiments were conducted in total. The yields of cereals harvested form the experiments were on average 60-145% higher than those obtained from the production fields. Over the years, this diversity increased in all species. The biggest differences in yields between the experiments and production occurred in the latter 10 years

    On Preventing and Detecting Cyber Attacks in Industrial Control System Networks

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    This paper outlines the problem of cybersecurity in OT (operations/operational technology) networks. It provides descriptions of the most common components of these systems, summarizes the threats and compares them with those present in the IT domain. A considerable section of the paper summarizes research conducted over the past decade, focusing on how common the problem is and in which countries it prevails. The article presents techniques most commonly used in the protection of these systems, with many examples from the nuclear industry given
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