Confirmatory factor analysis and invariance testing between Blacks and Whites of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale.

The factor structure of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale remains in question. Additionally, research on health belief differences between Black and White respondents suggests that the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale may not be invariant. We reviewed the literature regarding the latent variable structure of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control scale, used confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the three-factor structure of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control, and analyzed between-group differences in the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control structure and means across Black and White respondents. Our results indicate differences in means and structure, indicating more research is needed to inform decisions regarding whether and how to deploy the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control appropriately

RankBooster: Visual analysis of ranking predictions

Ranking is a natural and ubiquitous way to facilitate decision-making in various applications. However, different rankings are often used for the same set of entities, with each ranking method placing emphasis on different factors. These factors can also be multi-dimensional in nature, compounding the problem. This complexity can make it challenging for an entity which is being ranked to understand what they can do to improve their rankings, and to analyze the effect of changes in various factors to their overall rank. In this paper, we present RankBooster, a novel visual analytics system to help users conveniently investigate ranking predictions. We take university rankings as an example and focus on helping universities to better explore their rankings, where they can compare themselves to their rivals in key areas as well as overall. Novel visualizations are proposed to enable efficient analysis of rankings, including a Scenario Analysis View to show a high-level summary of different ranking scenarios, a Relationship View to visualize the influence of each attribute on different indicators and a Rival View to compare the ranking of a university and those of its rivals. A case study demonstrates the usefulness and effectiveness of RankBooster in facilitating the visual analysis of ranking predictions and helping users better understand their current situation.Comment: 4 Pages, Accepted as a short paper for EuroVis 202

A Three-dimensional Printed Low-cost Anterior Shoulder Dislocation Model for Ultrasound-guided Injection Training.

Anterior shoulder dislocations are the most common, large joint dislocations that present to the emergency department (ED). Numerous studies support the use of intraarticular local anesthetic injections for the safe, effective, and time-saving reduction of these dislocations. Simulation training is an alternative and effective method for training compared to bedside learning. There are no commercially available ultrasound-compatible shoulder dislocation models. We utilized a three-dimensional (3D) printer to print a model that allows the visualization of the ultrasound anatomy (sonoanatomy) of an anterior shoulder dislocation. We utilized an open-source file of a shoulder, available from embodi3D® (Bellevue, WA, US). After approximating the relative orientation of the humerus to the glenoid fossa in an anterior dislocation, the humerus and scapula model was printed with an Ultimaker-2 Extended+ 3D® (Ultimaker, Cambridge, MA, US) printer using polylactic acid filaments. A 3D model of the external shoulder anatomy of a live human model was then created using Structure Sensor®(Occipital, San Francisco, CA, US), a 3D scanner. We aligned the printed dislocation model of the humerus and scapula within the resultant external shoulder mold. A pourable ballistics gel solution was used to create the final shoulder phantom. The use of simulation in medicine is widespread and growing, given the restrictions on work hours and a renewed focus on patient safety. The adage of see one, do one, teach one is being replaced by deliberate practice. Simulation allows such training to occur in a safe teaching environment. The ballistic gel and polylactic acid structure effectively reproduced the sonoanatomy of an anterior shoulder dislocation. The 3D printed model was effective for practicing an in-plane ultrasound-guided intraarticular joint injection. 3D printing is effective in producing a low-cost, ultrasound-capable model simulating an anterior shoulder dislocation. Future research will determine whether provider confidence and the use of intraarticular anesthesia for the management of shoulder dislocations will improve after utilizing this model

Decrease in Central Venous Catheter Placement and Complications Due to Utilization of Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Catheters

Poster presented at: American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) conference. Introduction: -Up to 40% of ED visits include diagnostic blood tests and 26% result in administration of IV fluids necessitating successful peripheral intravenous (IV) catheter placement.1 -There is a subset of patients with difficult IV access (DIVA) in which traditional cannulation methods are unsuccessful resulting in central venous cannulation (CVC). -CVCs have a 5-15 percent complication rate2 and attributable costs per CVC related infection have been estimated at $34,508-$56,000.3 -Ultrasound-guided peripheral IV catheters (USGPIVs) provide a method of potentially decreasing the need for CVC placement, however due to poor durability of USGPIVs the actual reduction in CVCs is unclear. -This study set out to quantify the reduction in CVCs in patients with DIVA by utilization of USGPIVs. Paper will be be published in: American Journal of Emergency Medicin

Design thinking for community-provider collaboration: Designing a culture- and user-friendly refugee wellness center

Background: Designing South Philadelphia’s first permanent healthcare facility dedicated to refugee health presents a unique opportunity to integrate cultural sensitivity with principles of community health. Design thinking (human-centered design) is a promising strategy to address health and social justice concerns through the development of innovative products and services that prioritize population needs. This project utilized design thinking to inform suggestions to the design of Hansjörg Wyss Wellness Center that promote a culturally sensitive and welcoming environment in order to improve healthcare outcomes for the refugee population in Philadelphia. Methods: Standard qualitative data gathering methods were used to gather insight into the needs of the South Philadelphia refugee population. Seven focus groups were conducted with patient populations (7 ethnic groups) and community partners. Data were coded independently by four members of the research team, organized into themes, and presented to stakeholders. Stakeholders (physicians, architects, designers, and community representatives) participated in a “Design Sprint” which utilized design thinking exercises to ideate and rapidly prototype solutions to common barriers refugees face to health and wellness. Results: Common barriers to access to healthcare reported in the focus groups include: lack of adequate language interpretation (navigating appointments and understanding medical terminology), long wait times, and transportation. Incorporation of health education resources, space for community events, mental health care, and space/activities for children were commonly suggested priorities for services in the wellness center. Design sessions produced prototypes acceptable to community and staff and informed the architects who have iterated and finalized the blueprint for the wellness center. Conclusions: Engaging end-users and stakeholders through design thinking is an effective strategy to gather community insight, achieve cultural sensitivity, and to promote health equity for underserved patient populations. The current project was limited by lack of measurable outcomes of patient satisfaction, as the center is still under development

Applying design thinking for community-provider collaboration: Designing a culture- and user-friendly refugee wellness center

Background: Designing South Philadelphia’s first permanent healthcare facility dedicated to immigrant and refugee health presents a unique opportunity to integrate cultural sensitivity with principles of community health. Philadelphia is a city saturated with many medical institutions and hospitals, yet there are large health disparities within miles of each other. Bringing together healthcare providers with a common goal of improving community health needs from a cultural standpoint can be tasking, even when all are on the same page. Design thinking is an underexplored perspective that has the potential to address these concerns in an efficient way that improves both provider and patient satisfaction. Objective: Using Design thinking to transform the Hansjorg- Wyss wellness center into a culturally diverse and welcoming environment for patients will ultimately improve healthcare outcomes for the immigrant population in Philadelphia. Methods: Seven focus groups were conducted to gather insight and feedback from patient populations, community partners, architects, and healthcare providers. We conducted a healthcare “design sprint,” with the various stakeholders involved to implement design thinking to ideate solutions for the new wellness center Results: Common barriers to access to healthcare reported in the focus groups include: lack of adequate language interpretation, long wait times, and transportation issues. Common findings among the different focus groups were a desire for services such as health education, spaces for community events, mental health services, and activities for children. Design sessions produced prototypes acceptable to community and staff and suitable for use by architects. Conclusions: Design thinking is a useful tool to merge community interests with healthcare delivery when building a culturally sensitive wellness center