18 research outputs found
The Aspartate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase of Edwardsiella ictaluri and Its Use as Balanced-Lethal System in Fish Vaccinology
asdA mutants of Gram-negative bacteria have an obligate requirement for diaminopimelic acid (DAP), which is an essential constituent of the peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall of these organisms. In environments deprived of DAP, i.e., animal tissues, they will undergo lysis. Deletion of the asdA gene has previously been exploited to develop antibiotic-sensitive strains of live attenuated recombinant bacterial vaccines. Introduction of an Asd+ plasmid into a ΔasdA mutant makes the bacterial strain plasmid-dependent. This dependence on the Asd+ plasmid vector creates a balanced-lethal complementation between the bacterial strain and the recombinant plasmid. E. ictaluri is an enteric Gram-negative fish pathogen that causes enteric septicemia in catfish. Because E. ictaluri is a nasal/oral invasive intracellular pathogen, this bacterium is a candidate to develop a bath/oral live recombinant attenuated Edwardsiella vaccine (RAEV) for the catfish aquaculture industry. As a first step to develop an antibiotic-sensitive RAEV strain, we characterized and deleted the E. ictaluri asdA gene. E. ictaluri ΔasdA01 mutants exhibit an absolute requirement for DAP to grow. The asdA gene of E. ictaluri was complemented by the asdA gene from Salmonella. Several Asd+ expression vectors with different origins of replication were transformed into E. ictaluri ΔasdA01. Asd+ vectors were compatible with the pEI1 and pEI2 E. ictaluri native plasmids. The balanced-lethal system was satisfactorily evaluated in vivo. Recombinant GFP, PspA, and LcrV proteins were synthesized by E. ictaluri ΔasdA01 harboring Asd+ plasmids. Here we constructed a balanced-lethal system, which is the first step to develop an antibiotic-sensitive RAEV for the aquaculture industry
Chervivaja infekcija chelovekoobraznykh obez'jan i lemurov vo Vroclavskom Zoologiczeskom Sadu
Health behaviours in children and youth aged 7 to 16 years
Celem pracy była charakterystyka wybranych zachowań zdrowotnych 470 uczniów w wieku 7-16 lat z Jedliny Zdroju.
Ocenę częstotliwości spożywania posiłków oraz aktywności fizycznej przeprowadzono na podstawie ankiety zawierającej
standaryzowane odpowiedzi do wyboru. U obu płci liczba godzin przeznaczonych na aktywność fizyczną wzrastała istotnie
wraz z wiekiem. Czas aktywności podejmowanej przez starszych chłopców był istotnie większy niż u rówieśniczek. Wraz z
wiekiem wzrastał odsetek dzieci, które nie spożywały I i II śniadań oraz malała częstotliwość spożywania owoców i warzyw.
W czasie pobytu w szkole mleko pili wyłącznie nieliczni chłopcy.The study aimed at describing selected health behaviors of 470 subjects aged 7 to 16 years from Jedlina Zdrój. The
frequency of the meals eaten and physical activity were estimated by means of a standardized multiple choice questionnaire.
In both sexes the number of hours spent on physical activity rose significantly with age. The time of physical activity
in older boys was significantly higher than in their female peers. Similarly, the percentage of children skipping breakfast
and the second breakfast increased with age. The amount of fruit and vegetables eaten decreased with age of the subjects.
At school milk was drunk by very few boys only