The Research of Ammonium Concentrations in City Stocks and Further Sedimentation of Ion-Exchange Concentrate

In work the exchange capacity and the selectivity of different ion-exchange products regarding the ammonium ions in purification processes were measured; the regenerative preparation compounds influence on efficiency of conduction of ion-exchange products regeneration was learnt. The adsorption processes were adapted to known technological schemes of sewage and polluted surface water purification that was polluted with ammonium ions. There were measured the technological aspects of water purification by using adsorption on natural dispersed sorbents. The technological schemes of drain water purification from ammonium ions were developed. The method of simultaneous removal of highly concentrated nitrogen and phosphorus was analyzed by physical and chemical precipitation, forming struvite, a by-product of magnesium ammonium orthophosphate hexahydrate. The analyses were done at various molar ratios of magnesium and phosphate ions and at various pH values. The comparative thermal analysis of chemical precipitation products and pure struvite was performed. The optimal conditions were identified to experience the maximum efficiency of simultaneous removal of ammonium nitrogen and phosphate ions from wastewater, forming MgNH4PO4·6H2O

Integration of Technological Cycles of Industrial Waste Processing

Within the framework of the concept of "green chemistry" and cyclic economy (economy of closed technological cycles) the extraction of chemical pollutants Cu2+, S2–, HS––ions from wastewater of various industrial productions was investigated. The research was integrated into a single technological cycle of obtaining new carbon-sulfurcontaining lubricants for special purposes. The loading and antifriction properties of the developed plastic lubricants were investigated. It was established that the antifriction properties (ffr) of the developed plastic lubricants are 1.25–1.45 times higher those of the Konstantin-1 industrial lubricant Konstantin-1 and can be used in the work of friction units of various machines and mechanisms. The tribotechnical results of the developed plastic oils in the "steel-aluminum" friction pair are justified, first of all, by the presence, of technical graphite brand LG-1 plastic oils, its modified forms of "pseudographite" and pyrocarbon, as well as sulfur-containing components CuSx and thiobenzaniline (TBA) in the composition