23 research outputs found
Clinical study of bladder cancer: Proteinuria as a predictor of recurrence and efficacy of intravesical bacille Calmette-Guerin therapy
Severe bladder trabeculation obviates the need for bladder outlet procedures during augmentation cystoplasty in incontinent patients with neurogenic bladder
Comparison of Urine Cell Characteristics by Flow Cytometry and Cytology in Patients Suspected of Having Bladder Cancer
Evaluation of the early outcomes of partial urogenital sinus mobilization in females with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Sleep disturbance at simulated altitude indicated by stratified respiratory disturbance index but not hypoxic ventilatory response
At high altitudes, the clinically defined respiratory disturbance index (RDI) and high hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) have been associated with diminished sleep quality. Increased RDI has also been observed in some athletes sleeping at simulated moderate altitude. In this study, we investigated relationships between the HVR of 14 trained male endurance cyclists with variable RDI and sleep quality responses to simulated moderate altitude. Blood oxygen saturation (SpO(2)%), heart rate, RDI, arousal rate, awakenings, sleep efficiency, rapid eye movement ( REM) sleep, non-REM sleep stages 1, 2 and slow wave sleep as percentages of total sleep time(% TST) were measured for two nights at normoxia of 600 m and one night at a simulated altitude of 2,650 m. HVR and RDI were not significantly correlated with sleep stage, arousal rate or awakening response to nocturnal simulated altitude. SpO(2) was inversely correlated with total RDI (r=-0.69, P=0.004) at simulated altitude and with the change in arousal rate from normoxia (r=-0.65, P=0.02). REM sleep response to simulated altitude correlated with the change, relative to normoxia, in arousal (r=-0.63, P=0.04) and heart rate (r=-0.61, P=0.04). When stratified, those athletes at altitude with RDI > 20 h(-1) (n=4) and those with < 10 h(-1) (n=10) exhibited no difference in HVR but the former had larger falls in SpO(2) (P=0.05) and more arousals (P=0.03). Neither RDI ( without strati. cation) nor HVR were sufficiently sensitive to explain any deterioration in REM sleep or arousal increase. However, the stratified RDI provides a basis for determining potential sleep disturbance in athletes at simulated moderate altitude