Guillaume Dupuytren And His Contributions To Knowledge About Tumors

Guillaume Dupuytren was born in the village of Pierrebuffi~re, on 5 October 1777. Though his father was a lawyer and parliamentarian, many of Dupuytren\u27s other ancestors had been physicians, mostly surgeons. Guillaume entered the College of Magnac-Laval at age seven. From age 12 to 17 he attended the Marche School in Paris. Upon completion of these studies, he wished to join the army, but his father insisted that he become a surgeon. At age 18 he became a prosector at Charity Hospital in Paris under the tutelage of Dr. Boyer and studied under Pinel, Corvisart, Cuvier, and others. His peers were Bichat, Lederc, Ailbert, and Laennec. Dupuytren became Surgeon-in-chief at l\u27Hotel Dieu Hospital in 1815 at age 38, and later was Surgeon to Louis XVIII. III at age 57 of a stroke, Dupuytrendied on 8 February 1835. His contributions to knowledge of cancer included observations and lectures concerning malignant cysts, lacrimal tumors, hydatid tumors of muscle and viscera, fibro-cellular tumors, polyps, hydro sarco cele, hemorrhoidal tumors, and cartilaginous tumors

Sir James Paget\u27s Contribution To Cancer Genetics

Present day clinicians usually rely upon the most recent medical literature to assist them with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in their patients. The historian, on the other hand, delves into the past and is often rewarded by finding detailed and meticulous descriptions of diseases in the older medical literature. This is especially true of the medical writings of the 19th century before the development of mechanical devices (such as the stethoscope and the electrocardiograph) and modern laboratory tests. Many conditions and diseases have been named for scientists who were supposed either to have discovered them or initially described them. Historians sometimes find that the conditions were actually described earlier by other investigators, but because their findings were published in obscure journals or in a different language they were not given the proper credit. Such was the case with Sir James Paget, a British surgeon who lived in the 19th century (1814-1899), and whose contemporaries included M. K. Kaposi (Austria), von Recklinghausen, R. Virchow, and J. C. Warren (Germany), and P. Broca, A. Velpeau, and M. Lebert (France) - all physicians who observed and described many different diseases and conditions of man, including cancer and its etiology. Sir James Paget was a renowned surgical pathologist.1 He is best known for his descriptions of eczema of the nipple with subsequent mammary cancer (1874) (Paget\u27s disease of the nipple) and osteitis deformans (1877) which may develop into osteogenic sarcoma (Paget\u27s disease of the bone). Paget was also known as a keen clinical observer. The following conditions were all described by Sir James Paget, for only two of which he has been given credit in the medical literature

A Cancer Of Environmental and Occupational Etiology and a Thigh Tumor Described by Sir Percivall Pott in the Eighteenth Century

Percivall Pott was born in London, England 26 December 1713. His father died when he was four, leaving Mrs. Pott with Percivall and a daughter by a previous marriage. Pott\u27s education was thereafter financed by one of Mrs. Pott\u27s cousins, Dr. Wilco x, Bishop of Roches· ter. Although Pott became proficient in classical literature, and although Dr. Wilcox hoped that he would choose a career in theology, he chose a career in surgery instead and was bound as an apprentice to Dr. Nourse, a surgeon at St. Bartholomew\u27s Hospital in 1729. He spent 58 years at this hospital, resigning from the post of Surgeon in July 1787. One and one-half years later, after visiting sick patients on horseback in cold weather, he developed pneumonia and died within a few days, having a4nost reached his 75th birthday. Pott was not only innovative in his surgical practice but also was an excellent writer. He published articles on many subjects, including treatment of fracture of the fibula (Pott\u27s fracture), tumors, hernia congenita, fistula Iachrymalis, head injuries, hydrocele, tubercular spine, the need for amputation of limbs in certain cases, cataract surgery, and fistulae; one of his most famous observations was the development of carcinoma of the scrotum among young chimney sweepers in London

A Cancer Of Environmental and Occupational Etiology and a Thigh Tumor Described by Sir Percivall Pott in the Eighteenth Century

Percivall Pott was born in London, England 26 December 1713. His father died when he was four, leaving Mrs. Pott with Percivall and a daughter by a previous marriage. Pott\u27s education was thereafter financed by one of Mrs. Pott\u27s cousins, Dr. Wilco x, Bishop of Roches· ter. Although Pott became proficient in classical literature, and although Dr. Wilcox hoped that he would choose a career in theology, he chose a career in surgery instead and was bound as an apprentice to Dr. Nourse, a surgeon at St. Bartholomew\u27s Hospital in 1729. He spent 58 years at this hospital, resigning from the post of Surgeon in July 1787. One and one-half years later, after visiting sick patients on horseback in cold weather, he developed pneumonia and died within a few days, having a4nost reached his 75th birthday. Pott was not only innovative in his surgical practice but also was an excellent writer. He published articles on many subjects, including treatment of fracture of the fibula (Pott\u27s fracture), tumors, hernia congenita, fistula Iachrymalis, head injuries, hydrocele, tubercular spine, the need for amputation of limbs in certain cases, cataract surgery, and fistulae; one of his most famous observations was the development of carcinoma of the scrotum among young chimney sweepers in London

Guillaume Dupuytren And His Contributions To Knowledge About Tumors

Guillaume Dupuytren was born in the village of Pierrebuffi~re, on 5 October 1777. Though his father was a lawyer and parliamentarian, many of Dupuytren\u27s other ancestors had been physicians, mostly surgeons. Guillaume entered the College of Magnac-Laval at age seven. From age 12 to 17 he attended the Marche School in Paris. Upon completion of these studies, he wished to join the army, but his father insisted that he become a surgeon. At age 18 he became a prosector at Charity Hospital in Paris under the tutelage of Dr. Boyer and studied under Pinel, Corvisart, Cuvier, and others. His peers were Bichat, Lederc, Ailbert, and Laennec. Dupuytren became Surgeon-in-chief at l\u27Hotel Dieu Hospital in 1815 at age 38, and later was Surgeon to Louis XVIII. III at age 57 of a stroke, Dupuytrendied on 8 February 1835. His contributions to knowledge of cancer included observations and lectures concerning malignant cysts, lacrimal tumors, hydatid tumors of muscle and viscera, fibro-cellular tumors, polyps, hydro sarco cele, hemorrhoidal tumors, and cartilaginous tumors

Закономірності росту плоских тріщин в пластинах

The general regularities of the influence of the geometric parameters of a fatigue crack on the direction of its growth in elastic plates under uniaxial tension were studied. Straight cracks, cracks in the form of a full cosine period, cracks in the form of a circle arc and kinked cracks were considered in a broad range of their geometric parameters variations. The direction of crack growth was determined in accordance with the criteria of maximum tangential (circumferential) stresses. The stress intensity factor of mode I and mode II of fracture were determined numerically using the finite element method. The obtained results made it possible to conclude that in the case of smooth crack faces, the direction of its growth primarily depends on the angle between the tangent at the crack tip and the direction of tension. It was established that the presence of a corner point of the faces near crack tip significantly affects the direction of crack growth in the case of small angles, between the tangent and the direction of tension. For such cases, numerically, it was not possible to achieve a continuous limiting transition in the results when the corner point approaches the tip. This circumstance complicates the issue of choosing the size of the initial crack growth step. Pages of the article in the issue: 124 - 127 Language of the article: UkrainianДосліджено загальні закономірності впливу геометричних параметрів тріщини втоми на напрямок її росту в пружних пластинах при їх одновісному розтягу. Розглянуто прямолінійні тріщини, тріщини у вигляді повного періоду косинусоїди, тріщини у вигляді дуги кола та тріщини у вигляді ломаної в широкому діапазоні зміни їх геометричних параметрів. Напрямок розвитку тріщин визначався у відповідності до критерію максимальних колових напружень. Отримані результати дозволили зробити висновок, що у випадку гладких берегів тріщини напрямок її росту в першу чергу залежить від кута між дотичною при вершині та напрямком розтягу. Встановлено, що наявність кутової точки берега тріщини поблизу її вершини суттєво впливає на напрямок її росту у випадку малих кутів між дотичною та напрямком розтягу. Для таких випадків чисельно не вдалося досягти неперервного граничного переходу в результатах при наближенні кутової точки до вершини. Дана обставина ускладнює питання про вибір розміру початкового приросту тріщини

Инновационный развитие промышленных предприятий в Украине

Проведено аналіз проблем інноваційної діяльності промислових підприємств України. Зроблено висновок про необхідність постійного та дослідження інноваційної діяльності підприємств і визначення основних перешкод у процесі інноваційного розвитку. Визначено фактори, які впливають на інноваційний розвиток промисловості та виокремлено структуру інноваційного розвитку промисловості.The analysis of the problems of innovation industrial enterprises of Ukraine. The conclusion about the need for continued research and innovation in enterprises and identify major obstacles to innovation. The factors influencing the innovative development of industry and highlights the innovative structure of the industry.Проведен анализ проблем инновационной деятельности промышленных предприятий Украины. Сделан вывод о необходимости постоянного и исследования инновационной деятельности предприятий и определение основных препятствий в процессе инновационного развития. Определены факторы, влияющие на инновационное развитие промышленности и выделены структуру инновационного развития промышленности

An Examination of Student Loans, Partisanship and Complaining Behavior: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

This research examines consumer complaints within a government-to-consumer context. The study is focused on two highly discussed topics, student loans and partisanship. While student loans are widely promoted to college students, outstanding U.S. student loan debt trails only consumer debt. Similarly, a stark contrast exists between the views of the two major political parties within the U.S. Our examination provides a nuanced view of partisanship and its effect on complaining behaviors within the student loan realm. Specifically, our study investigates whether partisanship affects the level of student loan complaints submitted to a federal agency initiated during partisan division. Our contributions include the use of a diverse, integrated database that enables insights into complaining behaviors within an understudied area, the government-to-consumer context

Social media and customer relationship management technologies: Influencing buyer-seller information exchanges

Highlights Social media and CRM technology aid salespeople in market sensing and customer-linking activities. Social media utilization enhance the competitive information collection abilities of the seller. CRM techpositively affects seller product information communication, which enablesbuyer information sharing intentions. Sellers capture value from buyers by CRM utilization. Seller experience has significant moderating and explanatory power regarding the use of sales technology. Abstract Due to the increasing array of sales technology, salespeople must understand how each application assists them. This study examines how business-to-business salespeople use different forms of sales technology to meet their boundary-spanning roles. Our research draws from social exchange theory and task-technology fit theory to test a model that examines how salespeople use CRM and social media technologies differentially to support competitive information collection, product information communication, and buyer information sharing. Dyadic data from industrial buyers and sellers is used to analyze the technology-behavior relationships. Our study\u27s results reveal social media use and CRM technology both positively influence buyer-seller information exchanges; however, each technology takes a distinct route to enable the information exchange between the buyer and the seller. The results also suggest that managers need to champion the use of both technology applications to their salesforce

Salesperson ambidexterity and customer satisfaction: examining the role of customer demandingness, adaptive selling, and role conflict

This research investigates the effects of sales-service ambidexterity on salesperson role perceptions, behaviors, and customer satisfaction. Using a business-to-business, salesperson-customer sample, we build and test a model which highlights both the positive and negative consequences of this simultaneous goal pursuit. Specifically, while sales-service ambidexterity positively impacts adaptive selling behaviors, it also increases perceptions of role conflict among salespeople. Customer demandingness moderates these relationships. Taken together, the results provide insights for firms on how to manage their sales force to optimize both sales and service outcomes based on characteristics of their salespeople and customers