Symmetric interpolatory dual wavelet frames

For any symmetry group $H$ and any appropriate matrix dilation we give an explicit method for the construction of $H$-symmetric refinable interpolatory refinable masks which satisfy sum rule of arbitrary order $n$. For each such mask we give an explicit technique for the construction of dual wavelet frames such that the corresponding wavelet masks are mutually symmetric and have the vanishing moments up to the order n. For an abelian symmetry group $H$ we modify the technique such that each constructed wavelet mask is $H$-symmetric.Comment: 22 page

The Organization of the Internal Irradiation Monitoring System in Conditions of Nonstandard Radionuclide Intakes

Scientific knowledge presently available in the area of monitoring the internal radiation due to nonstandard radionuclide intakes gives no way of identifying the location and nature of intakes in a reasonably accurate and expeditious manner. Both theoretical models and practical methods of personnel internal radiation screening exhibit the lack of research. To this end, the present paper deals with the experience gained by the SGChE in the monitoring of the nonstandard radionuclide penetration into internals and tissues of the personnel. It provides recommendations for the organization and implementation of such monitoring procedures, and describes the practical method for the vulnerary intake containment

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RADIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF FACET JOINTS IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH DEGENERATIVE DISEASES OF THE LUMBAR SPINE

Objective To study the radiologic characteristics of facet joints at different stages of the degenerative process in the lumbar spine to determine the indications for various methods of fixing the affected segment and to evaluate the results of treatment.Material and Methods To determine the radiologic aspects of facet joints in the affected area and in  adjacent segments of the lumbar spine, two groups were formed, including 136 patients who underwent multispiral computed tomography in two-energy mode before surgery and 12 months after surgery. Group I included patients who underwent rigid fixation of the spine (360°), and group II included patients who underwent dynamic fixation using nitinol rods (180°).Results Based on a comprehensive instrumental study, it was found that the degeneration of the intervertebral disc according to Pfirrmann II and III revealed an increase in the density of the cartilaginous plate in facet joints (HU). These digital indicators confirm the preservation of joint functionality, both in the affected area and in adjacent segments. With severe degrees of disk degeneration in Pfirrmann IV and V and facet joints, deep pathological changes occurred, directed towards the loss of facet joints functionality.Conclusion The obtained digital indicators of dual-energy computed tomography for the state of facet joints  in combination with the results of magnetic resonance imaging can be used as criteria in a complex of patient studies to assess the degree of degeneration of the vertebral motion segment in the affected area and adjacent segments. We recommend using these criteria as a diagnostic component for finding optimal methods of surgical treatment

РЕНТГЕНОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ КАРТИНА СОСТОЯНИЯ СТРУКТУРНЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ПОЗВОНОЧНО-ДВИГАТЕЛЬНОГО СЕГМЕНТА ПРИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СПОСОБАХ ЗАДНЕЙ ФИКСАЦИИ ПОЗВОНОЧНИКА В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕ

The study goal was to experimentally evaluate the condition of the structural elements of the spinal motion segments after different rear fixing methods. The study object were mongrel dogs with weigh of 12±1,5 kg at the age of 21±3 months. Experimental animals were divided into 2 groups. Animals in group 1 (n=5) underwent transpedicular fixation of the spine using rigid rods. Animals of group 2 (n=5) underwent transpedicular fixation of the spine with dynamic rod made of nitinol. All animals were studied by x-ray in functional positions and multispiral computed tomography (MSCT). Range of motion in the tested segment prior to surgery for functional study in both groups was 18±1,2 degree. In group 1 after 24 months range of motion after surgery was 0±0,03 degrees. In group 2 all animals had range of movement 15±1,3°, which was 78,9% of the original. MSCT study showed no degenerative changes of the articular surfaces in group 2 in 24 months after surgery and the movement range still was 78,9% of the original.Цель работы: изучить рентгенологическую картину состояния структурных элементов позвоночно-двигательного сегмента при различных способах задней фиксации в эксперименте. Объектом исследования являлись беспородные собаки массой тела 12±1,5 кг в возрасте около 21±3 мес. Экспериментальные животные были разделены на две группы. Животным I группы (n=5) проводилась транспедикулярная фиксация позвоночника с использованием ригидных стержней. Животным II группы (n=5) выполнялась транспедикулярная фиксация позвоночника с использованием динамических стержней из нитинола. Всем животным выполнялась рентгенография в функциональных положениях и мультиспиральная компьютерная томография. Объем движений в исследуемом сегменте до операции при функциональном исследовании в обеих группах составлял 18±1,2°. В группе I на 24-м месяце ригидной фиксации позвоночно-двигательного сегмента после оперативного вмешательства движения отсутствовали. В группе I с 18-го месяца исследования отмечены отчетливые признаки дегенерации суставов как на уровне фиксации, так и вне зоны ригидной фиксации, а также перегрузке смежных дисков. В группе II с динамической (нитинольной) фиксацией у всех животных присутствовали движения в позвоночно-двигательном сегменте и составляли в среднем 15±1,3°, что составило 78,9% от исходного. При мультиспиральной компьютерной томографии в группе II с динамической фиксацией дегенерации суставных поверхностей, а также перегрузки смежных дисков не отмечено на всем протяжении исследования. Установлено, что при динамической фиксации в смежных позвоночно-двигательных сегментах отсутствовали дегенеративные изменения на всем протяжении эксперимента (24 мес) и сохранялся объем движений оперированного сегмента на 78,9% от исходного

Peasant settlers and the ‘civilizing mission’ in Russian Turkestan, 1865-1917

This article provides an introduction to one of the lesser-known examples of European settler colonialism, the settlement of European (mainly Russian and Ukrainian) peasants in Southern Central Asia (Turkestan) in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It establishes the legal background and demographic impact of peasant settlement, and the role played by the state in organising and encouraging it. It explores official attitudes towards the settlers (which were often very negative), and their relations with the local Kazakh and Kyrgyz population. The article adopts a comparative framework, looking at Turkestan alongside Algeria and Southern Africa, and seeking to establish whether paradigms developed in the study of other settler societies (such as the ‘poor white’) are of any relevance in understanding Slavic peasant settlement in Turkestan. It concludes that there are many close parallels with European settlement in other regions with large indigenous populations, but that racial ideology played a much less important role in the Russian case compared to religious divisions and fears of cultural backsliding. This did not prevent relations between settlers and the ‘native’ population deteriorating markedly in the years before the First World War, resulting in large-scale rebellion in 1916

Mannes of Forging and Perspectives of Knuckle Joint Presses Modernization

The article raises an issue to enhance technological forging capabilities on the known knuckle joint presses. It provides an illustrated overview of main design types of presses with crank-knuckle, toggle-knuckle, and knuckle joint mechanisms. The article also shows the advantages of the modernization way and improvement just of the active press equipment in terms of quality-to-price ratio, for example, as compared to the similar new foreign press equipment.It gives an overview of features, which provide forging processes owing to kinetic energy accumulated with the moving parts of the known designs of the knuckle joint presses depending on the drive actuating mechanism. Focused attention is drawn to forging on the knuckle joint presses for a time of contact with a work piece to be comparable with the duration of the work piece deformation process on hydraulic forging hammers. This allows us to forge thin-wall products with process automation compared to the forging hammers.Analysis of accumulating processes of kinetic energy by the moving parts of the knuckle joint presses has shown that presses driven by hydraulic cylinders or two screw hydraulic cylinder are the most optimal for technological operations as evidenced by references to domestic and foreign invention certificates and patents. The article presents disadvantages of forging on presses with hydraulic or pneumatic drive. It is a dependence of the deformation force, caused, mainly, by a force of the drive cylinder. The article gives linear movement rate quantities of press moving members depending on the drives of the actuating mechanism. Based on the above analysis of the features to manufacture work pieces on the knuckle joint presses, the article gives the rationale for the relevance of forging in a short period of time, provided that the moving parts of the press accumulate the required kinetic energy. This can be achieved only through modernization and improvement of forging equipment designs, in particular, using modern industrial hydraulics facilities, software and hardware systems for industrial automation.</p

The solution of the return problem of aerodynamic calculation of systems of ventilation of buildings through creation of the characteristic of the network

In article the return problem of aerodynamic calculation of systems of ventilation of buildings in which it is necessary to define air expenses on all sites of a network with the known geometrical sizes, at installation in a fan network with the set characteristic is considered. The method of the solution of a task through creation of the characteristic of a network is offered and examples of the solution of specific objectives by this method are presented