Functional characteristics of the torso muscles in persons with back pain

Research hypothesis: Asymmetry of torso muscle endurance and endurance of abdominal muscles as a significant stabilizer of the spine is an important factor associated with both episodic and chronic back pain. The aim of this study was to investigate characteristics of torso muscle strength endurance in persons with chronic and episodic back pain. Tasks: 1. To determine the endurance of torso muscle strength in chronic back pain, episodic back pain and control groups; 2. to determine the relationship between torso muscle strength endurance and pain intensity in the groups of chronic back pain and episodic back pain; 3. To determine the relationship between torso muscle strength endurance and the nature of work and physical activity. Methods: The study included 125 subjects experiencing lumbar spine pain, who were divided into a chronic back pain group, an episodic back pain group, and a control group. Subjects were examined by Tanita body composition measurement, pain questionnaire, Baecke physical activity questionnaire, Ito back and abdominal muscle endurance test, McGill lateral torso muscle endurance test. Conclusion of the results: 1. Abdominal muscle endurance was lower in individuals with chronic back pain, and abdominal-back muscle imbalance was higher than in individuals with episodic pain and control groups. Abdominal endurance was lower in women with episodic back pain and higher in the abdominal-back muscle imbalance in men compared with controls. 2. In the chronic and episodic pain group, strength endurance of torso muscles and abdominal-back imbalance had moderate correlations with pain intensity. 3. Sedentary subjects had weaker abdominal muscles than those standing. In both male and female groups, torso muscle strength endurance had the most correlated relationships with physical activity in sports

The effects of interval training and traditional endurance training on cardiovascular system

The aim of this study was to investigate effect of interval and traditional endurance traing for on cardiovascular system. Participants: 8 healthy participants, 28,38±4.63 years old. Participants BMI was 25,79±4,21. Methods: Participants attendent in 2 different training with veloergometer: the traditional endurance training was 20 minute training and an interval training was performed as a 5 set acceleration training. Electrocardiography was registered 5 minutes before training, during training and 6 minutes after training ,and arterial blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer. MS Excel used for statistical analyze. Results: Number of heart rate in interval training was 40% lower than in traditional training. heart rate and arterial blood pressure were normal during traditional training, but at the end of training dynamic interfaces between ECG RR and QRS started weak. During interval training systolic blood pressure changed a little, but diastolic blood pressure got big change. After 6 minutes of rest in both training there was residual physical occurrence in ECG, but after interval training it was statistically significant (p<0,05).. Conclusions: during traditional training dynamic interfaces between ECG RR and QRS started to weak and it showed that for some participants the load reached or even exceeded the maximum limits for healthy training. Significant bigger mobilization during training and bigger residual physical effects after training could explain the effects of interval training on organism.in some participants during interval training ECG ST segment depression was registered significant, it showed functional ischemic occurrence in myocardium, therefore interval training could be used after cardiovascular analysis

The effects of interval training and traditional endurance training on cardiovascular system

Problema. Efektyvus širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos sutrikimų sprendimo būdas yra tinkamas fizinis krūvis. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos funkcinių rodiklių kaitos ypatybes sveikatos stiprinimo pratybose taikant tradicinį aerobinį arba didelio intensyvumo intervalinius krūvius. Metodika. Tiriamieji (sveiki suaugę nesportuojantys vyrai (n = 8) atliko dvejas skirtingas širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemą lavinančias pratybas. Pirmosios pratybos buvo 20 minučių trukmės krūvis minant veloergometro pedalus, t. y. tradicinės aerobinio krūvio pratybos, kai ŠSD padidėdavo iki 70 % ŠSDRezervo. Antrųjų pratybų metu tiriamieji atliko vadinamąją intervalinę ŠKS lavinimo treniruotę, t. y. penkis intensyvaus krūvio kartojimus, tęsiant juos iki kol ŠSD padidėdavo iki 80 % ŠSDRezervo, o poilsio intervalus tarp kartojimų tęsiant iki tol, kol ŠSD atsigaudavo iki 35% ŠSDRezervo. Visų pratybų metu nepertraukiamai buvo registruojama EKG ir AKS matuojamas po kiekvieno krūvio ir antrosios atsigavimo minutės pabaigoje. Vertinant tyrimų rezultatus kompiuterinė EKG analizės programa pateikdavo ŠSD, RR intervalų, QRS komplekso trukmės reikšmes ir jų kaitą bei dinaminės sąsajos tarp EKG RR intervalo ir QRS komplekso trukmės kaitą. Šių dviejų EKG rodiklių kitimo sąsają atspindėjo skaičiuojamų diskriminantų kaita. Rezultatai. Širdies tvinksnių skaičius per intervalinio krūvio pratybas buvo 40 % mažesnis nei tradicinių aerobinių pratybų metu. Tradicinių aerobinių pratybų metu stebimi ŠSD ir AKS kitimai fiziologinės normos ribose, tačiau pratybų pabaigoje buvo stebimas dinaminės sąsajos tarp EKG RR ir QRS silpnėjimas. Pratybose taikant intervalinį treniruotės metodą stebimi mažai kintantis sistolinis ir dideli diastolinio AKS kitimai, kaitaliojantis krūvio ir atsigavimo fazėms. Praėjus 6 min. atsigavimo, po abiejų treniruočių buvo stebimi liekamieji fizinio krūvio reiškiniai įvairiuose EKG rodikliuose, po intervalinės treniruotės jie buvo statistiškai patikimai didesni (p < 0,05). Išvados: 1. Sveikatos stiprinimo pratybose, taikant intervalinį treniruotės metodą, padidėja ir santykinai mažai kinta sistolinis AKS ir stebimi dideli diastolinio AKS kitimai, kaitaliojantis krūvio ir atsigavimo fazėms. Apie besikaupiantį nuovargį liudija vis trumpėjantis laiko intervalas, kol pasiekiama nustatyta ŠSD riba ir ilgėjantis atsigavimas, kol pasiekiamos ŠSD ribos. 2. Nors suminis širdies tvinksnių skaičius per intervalinio krūvio pratybas buvo 40 % mažesnis nei tradicinių aerobinių pratybų metu, tačiau reikšmingai didesnė širdies ir kraujagyslių sistemos mobilizacija krūvio metu ir didesni liekamieji pratybų efektai po krūvio gali paaiškinti stiprų treniruojamąjį intervalinio treniruotės metodo poveikį besimankštinančiojo organizmui.The problem. Exercising and physical activity is an effective way to protect cardiovascular disorders and to promote cardiac functionality. The aim of this study was to identify the features of mobilization of cardiovascular system during the health exercising while the conventional aerobic type of exercising or the high intensity interval exercising is applied. Methods. The subjects (healthy adult non-athletes men, n = 8) performed two different exercise sessions. The first exercise session was the 20-minutes exercising with a throttle pedometer, i.e. the traditional aerobic exercise, when the HR increased to 70% of the HRReserve. During the second session the subjects performed so called high intensity interval training, i.e. five intensive bouts, continuing with them until the HR increased up to 80% of the HRReserve, while the rest intervals continued between bouts was until the HR recovered up to 35% of HRReserve. During all exercises, 12-leads of ECG were continuously recorded. The ECG analysis program evaluated the results of the research by providing the values of HRD, RR intervals, QRS complex duration and their changes, and the dynamical interaction between RR interval and QRS complex duration. Results. The total number of heartbeats during interval type of exercising session was 40 percent lower than during traditional aerobic exercising. During traditional aerobic exercising, the changes in HR was within the physiological norms and at the end of exercising the dynamic interaction between the RR intervals and QRS complex duration became weaker. During exercising in interval training mode the steep changes in diastolic ABP as reaction to exercise bouts and recovery phases was observed. The residual effects was followed 6 minutes after both exercising types in different ECG parameters, but after the interval training session they were statistically significantly stronger (p < 0.05). Conclusions: 1. Under the influence of the interval type of training the variation of systolic ABP was relatively small but the significant changes in diastolic ABP changes occurs during the load and recovery phases. The accumulation of fatigue is evidenced by the ever-shorter time interval until the target HR threshold is reached and the expanding of recovery time until HR reaches the limit of the HR. 2. Total number of cardiac beats during the interval exercise is approximately 40% lower than during traditional aerobic exercising session but significantly higher cardiovascular mobilization during exercising and greater residual exercise-induced changes can explain the strong effect of the interval training method