306 research outputs found
Electrochemical Transformation of White Phosphorus as a Way to Compounds With Phosphorus-Hydrogen and Phosphorus-Carbon Bonds
Nonlocal long-range synchronization of planar Josephson junction arrays
We study arrays of planar Nb Josephson junctions with contacts to
intermediate electrodes, which allow measurements of individual junctions and,
thus, provide an insight into intricate array dynamics. We observe a robust
phase-locking of arrays, despite a significant inter-junction separation.
Several unusual phenomena are reported, such as a bi-stable critical current
with re-entrant superconductivity upon switching of nearby junctions; and
incorrect Shapiro steps, occurring at mixing frequencies between the external
RF radiation and the internal Josephson frequency in nearby junctions. Our
results reveal a surprisingly strong and long-range inter-junction interaction.
It is attributed to nonlocality of planar junction electrodynamics, caused by
the long-range spreading of stray electromagnetic fields. The nonlocality
greatly enhances the high-frequency interjunction coupling and enables
large-scale synchronization. Therefore, we conclude that planar geometry is
advantageous for realization of coherent Josephson electronics.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Non-Metric Gravity I: Field Equations
We describe and study a certain class of modified gravity theories. Our
starting point is Plebanski formulation of gravity in terms of a triple B^i of
2-forms, a connection A^i and a ``Lagrange multiplier'' field Psi^ij. The
generalization we consider stems from presence in the action of an extra term
proportional to a scalar function of Psi^ij. As in the usual Plebanski general
relativity (GR) case, a certain metric can be constructed from B^i. However,
unlike in GR, the connection A^i no longer coincides with the self-dual part of
the metric-compatible spin-connection. Field equations of the theory are shown
to be relations between derivatives of the metric and components of field Psi,
as well as its derivatives, the later being in contrast to the GR case. The
equations are of second order in derivatives. An analog of the Bianchi identity
is still present in the theory, as well as its contracted version tantamount to
energy conservation equation.Comment: 21 pages, no figures (v2) energy conservation equation simplified,
note on reality conditions added (v3) minor change
Treatment of ischemic stroke caused by dissection and occlusion of internal carotid artery in a young patient
The type and etiology of stroke in young patients are known to differ from those in elderly patients, that influences the diagnosis and treatment. Dissection of cerebral arteries holds the top position in the structure of the causes of ischemic stroke in children and young people below 45 years. Currently no clear guideline on the proper treatment of this pathology exists. The article presents the case of acute ischemic stroke in a young patient (the stroke was caused by the occlusion due to dissection of the internal carotid artery) successfully treated with radiosurgical method - stenting of the cervical part of the artery with the transition to petrous segment of the left carotid artery using combined proximal and distal protection of cerebral vessels. The control of patient's state and results of angiography and ultrasound demonstrate the favourable immediate and medium-term prognosis for the patient
Clinical use of various endovascular stenting techniques in challenging coronary interventions
Aim. Development of an algorithm of actions for stenting of artery stenosis during challenging percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) based on the analysis of the results of different endovascular techniques.
Methods. We analyzed the experience of the department of radiologic endovascular diagnosis and treatment of Stavropol regional clinical hospital for endovascular surgical treatment of atherosclerosis of coronary arteries. The study included 317 cases of coronary interventions with technically impossible stent delivery to stenosis by standard method along the front-line guidewire and standard choice of the guide in case of distal TIMI 3 flow. For the study the patients were divided into 3 groups comparable by the number of subjects: 104, 113 and 100 respectively. For each group we determined different stages of enhancing support with consistent step-wise transition. The groups differed by the used methods of enhancing support and consistency of their use. Among other methods of support group 2 included the method of guide change and delivery of the second guidewire of enhanced support. At the same time groups 1 and 3 used these methods separately.
Results. The smallest number of unsuccessful interventions was observed in group 2 compared to those of groups 1 and 3. The relative risk indicators also demonstrate the high effectiveness of tactics used in the group 2.
Conclusion. The most preferable method for the necessary support when stent delivery distal to stenosis is impossible, is a choice of optimal guide and use of the second guidewire of enhanced support
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