Sedimentological sand grain orientation in oil-producing U1 layer Kazan oil-gas-condensate field (Tomsk Oblast)

The paper describes the results in identifying the prevalent directions of elongated quartz grains being the major oil-producing layer component in sand reservoirs. Studying the orientation of quartz to its grain shapes in paleogeographical oriented core samples made it possible to identify the hydrodynamic reservoir regimes and facies type. The spatial confinement of pore spaces and cataclasis fractures in grain material to the prevalent elongated quartz grain directions was defined

New experimental limits on neutron - mirror neutron oscillations in the presence of mirror magnetic field

Present probes do not exclude that the neutron ($n$) oscillation into mirror neutron ($n'$), a sterile state exactly degenerate in mass with the neutron, can be a very fast process, in fact faster than the neutron decay itself. This process is sensitive to the magnetic field. Namely, if the mirror magnetic field $\vec{B}'$ exists at the Earth, $n-n'$ oscillation probability can be suppressed or resonantly amplified by the applied magnetic field $\vec{B}$, depending on its strength and on the angle $\beta$ between $\vec{B}$ and $\vec{B}'$. We present the results of ultra-cold neutron storage measurements aiming to check the anomalies observed in previous experiments which could be a signal for $n-n'$ oscillation in the presence of mirror magnetic field $B'\sim 0.1$~G. Analyzing the experimental data on neutron loses, we obtain a new lower limit on $n-n'$ oscillation time $\tau_{nn'} > 17$ s (95 % C.L.) for any $B'$ between 0.08 and 0.17 G, and $\tau_{nn'}/\sqrt{\cos\beta} > 27$s (95 % C.L.) for any $B'$ in the interval ($0.06\div0.25$) G

Scientific advances of Kazan' State Medical University in studying the topical problems in occupational medicine

Economical reform has led to difficulties in economics. Labor conditions at industrial enterprises are poor. Kazan' State Medical University has investigated occupational diseases of mental workers. Hygienic, medicinal, prophylactic, and organizational measures have been developed for improving the labor conditions. Emotional stresses have been investigated. Influence of computer work on man health is studied. Labor conditions at enterprises manufacturing the films and magnetic tapes have been investigated. Activities of workers at automobile plants have been studied. International cooperation is developed

Referential features of narrative genres in the process of language acquisition

The paper regards the process of the development of several features of the narrative speech genre in the discourse field of Russian culture while learning Russian as a second language. Referentiality in general linguistic sense is an area concerning naming of objects and characters by language means. In this paper we analyse the problems of the referential choice (what factors influence the speaker’s choice of a referential expression) and anaphora resolution (how the listener/reader binds an anaphoric pronoun to a coreferential noun phrase). The main goal of our paper is to study referential features of narratives produced by foreign students acquiring Russian as a second language (RSL), compared with adult Russian speakers and children acquiring Russian as a first language (RFL). Also, we describe referential mistakes made by RSL learners. The analysis of the data demonstrates that the main referential features (abilities to make the right referential choices, form anaphoric chains, etc.) are related to the age-specific cognitive development and do not depend on the native language. Both groups of adults show similar patterns in using nouns and pronouns for the introduction or reintroduction of a referent and for the topic maintenance, and build continuous anaphoric chains. Particular anaphoric mistakes of RSL learners are related to the level of their grammar skills and differ from the mistakes made by RFL children: while children’s mistakes base on the cognitive factor, RSL students’ mistakes are mostly grammatical

Distinctive Features of the Human Marginal Zone and Cajal-Retzius Cells: Comparison of Morphological and Immunocytochemical Features at Midgestation

Despite a long history of research of cortical marginal zone (MZ) organization and development, a number of issues remain unresolved. One particular issue is the problem of Cajal-Retzius cells (C-R) identification. It is currently based on morphology and Reelin expression. The aim of this research is to investigate MZ cytoarchitectonics and Reelin-producing cells morphotypes in the superior temporal, pre- and postcentral cortex at GW24-26. We used Reelin (Reln) as the marker for C-R cells and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) and neurofilament heavy chain protein (N200) as markers of neuronal maturation. The MZ of all of the investigated areas had the distinct cytoarchitectonic of alternating cell sparse (MZP, SR) and cell dense (SGL, DGL) layers. The distribution of the neuromarkers across the MZ also showed layer specificity. MAP2-positive cells were only found in the SGL. N200 and Reelin-positive neurons in the MZP. N200-positive processes were forming a plexus at the DGL level. All of the N200-positive neurons found were in the MZP and had distinctive morphological features of C-R cells. All of the N200-positive neurons in MZ were also positive for Reelin, whereas MAP2-positive cells lack Reelin. Thus, the joint use of two immunomarkers allowed us to discern the C-R cells based on their morphotype and neurochemistry and indicate that the Reelin-positive cells of MZ at 24-26 GW were morphologically C-R cells. In the current study, we identified three C-R cells morphotypes. Using a 3D reconstruction, we made sure that all of them belonged to the single morphotype of triangular C-R cells. This approach will allow future studies to separate C-R cells from other Reelin-producing neurons which appear at later corticogenesis stages. In addition, our findings support the assumption that a plexus could be formed not only with C-R cells processes but also possibly by other cell processes by the poorly researched DGL, which is only allocated as a part of the human MZ

Применение циклоспорина А у пациентов с COVID-19 при неэффективности первичной иммуносупрессии: ретроспективное когортное псевдорандомизированное исследование

АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ: Терапия пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COronaVIrus Disease 2019 — COVID-19) при прогрессирующем поражении легких на фоне применения глюкокортикостероидов (ГКС) и ингибиторов интерлейкина-6 (ИИЛ-6) до сих пор не разработана. ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: оценка эффективности циклоспорина А у пациентов с COVID-19 при прогрессировании поражения легких и гипоксемической острой дыхательной недостаточностью, получивших патогенетическую терапию ГКС и ИИЛ-6. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Ретроспективное когортное псевдорандомизированное моноцентровое исследование (n = 98). Циклоспорин А назначали в первые 72–96 ч после введения ИИЛ-6 при ухудшении состояния пациентов. Пациенты группы сравнения соответствовали основной группе, но не получали терапию циклоспорином А. Первичная конечная точка — госпитальная летальность. Вторичные конечные точки — длительность госпитализации, количество пациентов, поступивших в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ), потребность в респираторной поддержке. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Летальность составила 12 (22) % в группе циклоспорина и 27 (61) % в группе сравнения, р = 0,001 (относительный риск (ОР) 2,00 [1,12–3,48], р = 0,018), частота поступления в ОРИТ 14 (26 %) против 29 (66 %), р = 0,001 соответственно. В группе циклоспорина на 7-й день более 75 % поражения легочной ткани, по данным компьютерной томографии, было у 26 % пациентов против 52 % в группе сравнения, р = 0,014, потребность в респираторной поддержке (37 % против 63,6 %, р = 0,011); сатурация 88 (82–93 %) против 80 (70–86 %), р = 0,001 соответственно. Необходимость в респираторной поддержке на 11-й день после применения ИИЛ-6 повышала вероятность летального исхода (ОР 7,12 [2,51–20,10], р = 0,001). Факторы риска летального исхода: возраст старше 57,5 года, индекс массы тела более 30 кг/м2, сатурация ниже 85,5 % в день применения ИИЛ-6. Длительность госпитализации составила 18,5 (14–24) дня против 18 (12–24) дней, р = 0,778. ВЫВОДЫ: Циклоспорин А в дополнение к ГКС и ИИЛ-6 для терапии COVID-19 может способствовать снижению летальности, частоты поступления в ОРИТ и потребности в респираторной поддержке

Practical aspects of therapy for glutaric aciduria type 1

Treatment of many of the diseases in the panel of expanded newborn screening includes dietary therapy. Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the gene GCDH, encoding glutaryl‑CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme in the amino acid metabolic pathways. The decreased activity of the enzyme leads to accumulation of neuro‑ toxic metabolites. The recommended treatment approaches for GA1 are the prescription of specialized nutrition products, levocarnitine, and symptomatic management. In 2021, clinical guidelines for the treatment of this rear disease were published in Russian Federation. To provide for the timely treatment, it is essential for a practitioner involved in the care patients with such a rare disorder as GA1 to have the knowledge of the principles of management, as well as practical algorithms for diet calculation.The article gives a detailed case‑based description of management during metabolic decompensation and the choice of dietary therapy for GA1 patients of different age groups